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Pharmacolocy 2 > Exam 3 Steroids > Flashcards

Exam 3 Steroids Flashcards

1
Q

Cortisol (glucocorticoid) regulates what?

A

carb, fat, and protein metabolism

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2
Q

Cortisol (glucocorticoid) maintains ___ reactivity

A

vascular

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3
Q

What helps maintain homeostasis during periods of stress?

A

glucocorticoid (cortisol)

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4
Q

Two natural glucocorticoid (cortisol) triggers?

A

surgery

pain

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5
Q

Disease resulting from excessive production of cortisol?

A

Cushing’s disease

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6
Q

Disease resulting from insufficient production of cortisol?

A

Addison’s disease

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7
Q

Taking glucocorticoids may cause a ____ disorder.

A

secondary

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8
Q

Chronic steroid use with significant stress causes what?

A

Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency

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9
Q

Rare, emergency situation that is life-threatening from chronic steroid use?

A

adrenal crisis

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10
Q

Adrenal crisis signs and symptoms?

A 
Profuse sweating
hypotension
weak pulse
dyspnea (labored breathing)
cyanosis
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11
Q

Each steroid is rated as to potency as compared to a _____ equivalent dose?

A

hydrocortisone

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12
Q

What is most and least likely to cause adrenal suppression?

A 
most = systemic steroids
least = topical steroids
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13
Q

Corticosteroid products characterized by ____

A

duration of action

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14
Q

Amount of hydrocortisone normally secreted daily by an adult without stress?

A

20 mg

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15
Q

What if a medication exceeds dosage amount of equivalent 20 mg of hydrocortisone?

A

adrenal suppression

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16
Q

How long of steroid use before alternate therapy is sought?

A

1 month

17
Q

What must you avoid with chronic steroid use?

A

aspirin and NSAIDS

18
Q

Oral side effects of steroids?

A

candidiasis
poor wound healing
masks oral infections
xerostomia

19
Q

Why use a steroid for dentistry?

A

reduce pain/swelling after surgery

treat inflammatory pathologies of oral mucosa

20
Q

Most common route of steroid use in dentistry?

A

topical for 2 weeks

21
Q

Dental topical drug ointment?

A

triamcinolone
fluocinonide
clobetasol proprionate
betamethasone

22
Q

Steroid topical rinses?

A

dexamethasone

prednisolone

23
Q

Oral steroid drugs?

A

methylprednisolone

prednisone

24
Q

Dentists must use caution prescribing steroids to the following populations:

A

pregnant
pediatric
geriatric

25
Q

Steroids can be used for ____, but not really for any other dental procedure.

A

major surgery

26
Q

How long before supplemental steroid prescription needed?

A

1-5 hours after procedure began (probably form pain)

27
Q

What are dentists monitoring during major surgery?

A

hypotension

28
Q

Hypotension numbers dentists should look out for?

A

Systolic

29
Q

Dental care for patients taking steroids?

A 
schedule first thing in morning
have Pt take usual daily dose
stress reduction
monitor BP
anxiety control (nitrous oxide & valium)

Pharmacolocy 2 (15 decks)

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