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Pharmacolocy 2 > Exam 3 Heavy Metals > Flashcards

Exam 3 Heavy Metals Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the mechanism of action of heavy metals?

A

form stable coordination complexes with a variety of ligans

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2
Q

Name the 4 mechanisms of heavy metals specifically?

A

Disrupt enzymatic and transport processes
Loss of energy production
Loss of ion regulation
Potential carcinogenesis

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3
Q

Arsenic local side effects?

A

dermatological

carcinogenic skin cancer

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4
Q

Arsenic capillary side effects?

A

vasodilation

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5
Q

Arsenic vasodilation causes what side effects?

A

rosy complexion
edema
no wrinkles

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6
Q

Arsenic GI side effects?

A

very unpleasant death
vomiting
fluid loss
CV collapse

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7
Q

How are you best able to diagnose arsenic poisoning?

A

garlic breath

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8
Q

Arsenic CNS side effects?

A

headache
coma
organic encephalopathy
peripheral neurophathies

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9
Q

Drug to treat arsenic poisoning?

A

Dimercaprol

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10
Q

Dimercaprol mechanism of action?

A

sulfhydryl group combines with ions to form stable, nontoxic, soluble chelates excreted in urine

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11
Q

Side effects in workers with chronic expose to mercury?

A

tremors
impaired cognitive skills
sleep disturbances

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12
Q

Mercury acute exposure side effects?

A 
chest pain
dypsnea
cough
hemoptysis
pulmonary impairment
interstitial pneumonia
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13
Q

Acute mercury exposure has profound CNS effects, what are they?

A

delirium
hallucinations
suicidal tendency

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14
Q

Continuing exposure to mercury produces tremors where first and where do they spread?

A

hands THEN

eyelids, lips, tongue

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15
Q

Antidotes to mercury?

A

N-acetyl-D
L penicillamine
dimercaprol
penicillamine

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16
Q

Side effects of lead?

A

GI
CV
gray lead lines in children’s teeth

17
Q

Long-term side effects of lead?

A 
nephropathy
abdominal pain
delayed puberty in girls
reduced cognitive capacity
schizophrenia
18
Q

Mechanism of penicillamine?

A

slows progression of bone destruction and RA

19
Q

Antidotes for lead?

A

combo

calcium EDTA and Dimercaprol

20
Q

Mechanism of Deferoxamine?

A

complexes with ferric ions to form ferrioxamine, which is then removed by kidneys

Pharmacolocy 2 (15 decks)

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