Exam 3 - S Transmitted Diseases Flashcards
Which STD is known as “The Great Sterilizer?”
Gonorrhea
What bacteria causes Gonorrhea?
Neisseria gonorrhea
What are the only known hosts for Gonorrhea?
HUMANS
Where does infection occur in Gonorrhea?
At point of contact - penis, vagina, anus, oral cavity
How is the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhea classified?
- Gram negative
- Diplococci
Who is high risk for Gonorrhea?
MSM (men having sex with men)
What age group is at the highest risk of developing Gonorrhea?
Between the ages of 15-30
Who is highest risk for developing Gonorrhea?
- Multiple partners
- Unprotected sex
What is the timeline for onset of symptoms in men for Gonorrhea?
Males are symptomatic in 2-8 days past exposure
What is the timeline for onset of symptoms in females for Gonorrhea?
Females are symptomatic within 10 days post exposure by are commonly asymptomatic
In Gonorrhea, males are symptomatic ___ to ___ days post exposure.
In Gonorrhea, males are symptomatic 2 to 8 days post exposure.
In Gonorrhea, females are symptomatic within ___ days post exposure, but are commonly asymptomatic.
In Gonorrhea, females are symptomatic within 10 days post exposure, but are commonly asymptomatic.
In males, where does Gonorrhea spread to?
- Epididymis
- Prostate
In females, where does Gonorrhea spread to?
- Cervix
- Bartholin and Skene glands
T/F: In untreated, Gonorrhea can disseminate (spread) to other parts of the body.
TRUE
What happens to infected tissue in Gonorrhea?
It becomes red, inflamed, and covered with a purulent exudate
T/F: Gonorrhea has vaginal/penile discharge.
TRUE
T/F: Gonorrhea does not have urinary frequency.
FALSE
- Gonorrhea does have urinary frequency.
What are the following s/s commonly associated with?
- Pelvic tenderness
- Menorrhagia
- Abdominal pain
GONORRHEA
T/F: Arthritis can occur if Gonorrhea is left untreated and begins to disseminate.
TRUE
What can occur with infants passing through the birth canal of a mother with Gonorrhea?
Gonococcal Ophthalmia Neonatorum
What 5 things can be done for diagnosis of Gonorrhea?
1) Hx of unprotected sex, recently
2) Physical findings
3) Gram negative diplococci on gram stain
4) Enzyme immunoassay
5) DNA amplification
Which is more reliable, enzyme immunoassay or DNA amplification?
DNA amplification - best test
What does a gram stain positive for Gonorrhea look like (classified as)?
GRAM NEGATIVE, DIPLOCOCCI
Which two drugs should not be used in treating Gonorrhea?
1) PCN
2) AZITHROMYCIN
What drug class is used to treat Gonorrhea?
3rd Generation Cephalosporin
Name the 3rd Gen cephalosporin that is used to treat Gonorrhea.
CEFTRIAXONE
What route of Ceftriaxone is used to treat Gonorrhea?
IM or IV
T/F: Ceftriaxone is not used PO to treat Gonorrhea.
TRUE
What is the preferred treatment for Gonorrhea?
1) Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM, once
PLUS
2) Azithromycin 1 g PO, once
What is the generic of Rocephin?
Ceftriaxone
What is the generic of Zithromax?
Azithromycin
What two drugs are used to treat Gonorrhea?
Ceftriaxone PLUS Azithromycin
What is an alternative to Azithromycin in the treatment of Gonorrhea?
DOXYCYCLINE
When Doxycycline is used as an alternative to Azithromycin in the treatment of Gonorrhea, what is the dosing and frequency?
Doxycycline 100 mg PO, Twice a day x 7 days
What is a concern in using Ceftriaxone in the treatment of Gonorrhea?
Resistance - it’s the last drug we have
What class of drugs does Azithromycin belong to?
MACROLIDES
What is a concern in Doxycycline?
TEETH STAINING
What is another preferred drug if Ceftriaxone is not available in treating in Gonorrhea?
CEFIXIME
When Ceftriaxone not available, and Cefixime PLUS Azithromycin is used, when do you need to test of cure?
IN 1 WEEK
What is the treatment if a patient is cephalosporin-allergic?
Azithromycin 2 g PO, once
PLUS
Test of cure in 1 week
What constitutes a severe pcn-allergy?
Hives = moderate to severe Anaphylaxis = severe
T/F: A cephalosporin allergy is similar to a penicillin allergy.
TRUE
-Both are structurally similar; if allergic to one, then likely allergic to the other
