Exam 3 - Rhabd-Reoviruses-Rubella Flashcards
Rhabdoviridae
Rabies
morphology
- rod-shaped
- enveloped
- ssRNA
- neurotropic
- N,P,M,G,L structural proteins
Rhabdoviridae
Rabies
epi/transmiss
- worldwide (developing world)
- 6k cases 2012 in US; wild animal vectors
- 50,000ish deaths/year
- zoonotic (duh): DOGS, varmints, a few bats
- males<16 yo
Rhabdoviridae
Rabies
path
- break in skin
- replication in myocytes
- muscle spindle->nerve->neuromusc jxn Ach receptor
- retrograde axonal mvmt to dorsal root for replication
- centripetal spread to CNS (stem, thalamus, BG, cord)
- finally, systemic spread via preiph nerves
Rhabdoviridae
Rabies
risk factors
- no barriers to bite
- # of bites
- face bite>extremities
Rhabdoviridae
Rabies
clin pres/sx
4 phases 1) Asx incubation 30-90 days 2) 2-10 days prodrome: malaise, fever, fatigue, bx/mood sx, paresthesia at innoc. site 3) 2-7 days acute neuro sx: 80% "furious" (seizurehydrophob, delirium, autonomic dysfxn), 20% paralytic 4) 7 days coma 5) death (resp arrest)
Rhabdoviridae
Rabies
Dx
- DFA stain of nape of neck (virus local to hair follicles)
- negiri bodies on HE stain
- PCR of saliva, CSF
- test that critter’s brain tissue!
- ^T2 signal of hypo/thalamus, hippcamp on MRI
Rhabdoviridae
Rabies
Prevention
-vaccination of nannermals, at-risk spelunkers
Rhabdoviridae
Rabies
tx
- wound care with povidone/iodine
- Rabies Ig infiltrated at site
- vaccine days 0,3,7,14
- induce coma at onset of sx (“Milwaukee protocol”)
- Milwauk drugz: ketamin, midazolam, ribavirin, amantadine
Reoviruses
etymology
respiratory enteric orphan viruses :(
Reoviruses
morphology
- 10-12 sements dsRNA
- non-enveloped, icosahedral capsid
Reoviruses
coltvirus
syndrome
Colorado Tick Fever
Reoviruses
coltvirus
transmiss/epi
- adult tick bite
- March-Sept
Reoviruses
coltvirus
path
- infects RBCs
- then viremia
Reoviruses
coltvirus
clin pres/sx
- self-lim’d febrile illness 3-6 days after bite
- fever for 3 days, goes away 1 day, back for 3 days
- aseptic meningitis in 5-10% of kids
Reovirus
rotavirus
transmiss/epi
-mostly group A (of A-G)
-fecal-oral route
-most commone cause of severe diarrhea
worldwide in children <5yo
-first infxn btwen 2 and 24 mos
-child care centers, nosocomial
-winter months, drier conditions
-resistance to chlorination of water supply
Reoviruses
rotavirus
path
- infects small bowel
- progeny viruses leave cell via lysis
Reoviruses
rotavirus
clin pres/sx
- children 2-3 yrs
1) fever, vomit for 3 days
2) diarreha 4-8 days, ab pain
3) sx ass’d w/ vol depletion
Reoviruses
rotavirus
complications
- AIDS, iummunosuppression
- can cause SIDS, pneumonia, nec enterocolitis
Reoviruses
rotavirus
dx
-not needed (self lim’d)
-but if ya really need it, ELISA, stool EM,
latex agglutination
Reoviruses
rotavirus
tx
- NO ANTIVIRALS
- supportive care
Reoviruses
rotavirus
prevention
- vaccine
- some intussusception… :/
Togaviridae
Rubella
AKA (syndrome)
- German measles
- man kriegt diese krankheit von schoener maedchen!
- kinder kriegen diese krankheit wenn sie boese sind!
Togaviridae
Rubella
morphology
- enveloped, non-seg’d, + sense RNA
- capsid
Togaviridae
Rubella
transmiss/epi
- spring
- moderate contagion
- aerosolized droplets from resp tract
- 5-9yo children
- increasingly present in immigrants, older children
