Exam 3 - Ortho-Paramyxoviruses Flashcards
Paramyxoviruses
General profile
- ss RNA viruses
- lipid envelope
- bud from cell surfaces
- bind surface ligands, mem fusion
Paramyxoviruses
Parainfluenza virus
Clinical syndromes
- URI/LRI
- otitis media (15% of cases)
- croup (laryngeotracheobronchitis)
- bronchiolitis, bronchiectasis
- pneumonia (esp w/ immunosuppression)
Paramyxoviruses
Rubula/Mumps
epi/transmiss
- imported from UK
- human res
- direct contact, droplets, fomites
- MMR vaccine (diminishes over time)
Paramyxoviruses
Rubula/Mumps
clinical
- parotitis
- epididymo-orchitis
- meningitis/encephalitis
Paramyxoviruses
Morbilli/Measles
epi/transmiss
- winter/spring (unusual!)
- nasopharyngeal droplets
- highly contagious
- MMR
- still active in US
Paramyxoviruses
Morbilli/Measles
pathogenesis
- URI
- viremia
- resp, GI, GU, vessels, lymph, CNS
- Dz is T cell response to virus in cap beds
Paramyxoviruses
Morbilli/Measles
clinical pres
- koplik spots on cheeks (dx)
- maculopap rash after 2 wks
- face > trunk/limbs
- pneumonia
Paramyxoviruses
RSV (resp synct virus)
epi/transmiss
- winter/spring
- all children infected at some pt
- 2 subtypes
- respiratory secretions
Paramyxoviruses
RSV
clinical
- bronchiolitis
- pneumonia (mononuclear infiltration)
- apnea, wheezing, bronchiectasis
Paramyxoviruses
RSV
Tx
- aerosolized ribavirin
- prevention
Paramyxoviruses
Metapneumovirus
epi/transmiss
- similar to RSV
- winter months
- co-infection w/ RSV
- vacc in development
Orthomyxoviruses
Influenza
general profile
- ss RNA viruses
- lipid envelope
- types A, B, C
- NA and HA surface receptors
- serotypes based on receptors
Orthomyxoviruses
Influenza
epi/transmiss
- BIRD RESERVOIR!
- can reassort in piggy-pies
- aerosolized
- young and elderly
- vaccines (trivalent (d)
- antigenic drift (partial, minor) or shift (total, major)
- reassortment
Orthomyxoviruses
Influenza
pathophys
- URI, LRI
- infects columnar epithelium
- loss of mucociliary fxns
Orthomyxoviruses
Influenza
clinical pres
- RIGORS, fever, myalgias, headache
- sore throat, dry cough, rhinorrea/congestion
- viral pneumonia
- seconary bacterial pneum
- rare guillan-barre
Orthomyxoviruses
Influenza
dx
- rapid test
- can do PCR, but no one does
Orthomyxoviruses
Influenza
relevant strains
H5N1
H7N5
all start in SE Asia
bird->human