Exam 3 Review Flashcards
what are the key characteristics of all animals
eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic, specialized tissues
what does it mean to be heterotrophic
to have to ingest food to make energy
what is radial symmetry
only has a top and bottom side, no front back left or right, often non moving animals
what is bilateral symmetry
two sided symmetry, have a top, bottom, left and right front and back, often animals that move
what is the difference between radial and bilateral symmetry
in bilateral the body can be divided into two halves, radial body can be divided into similar halves from any plane.
what are the defining characteristics of the phylum Porifera
sponges, lack true tissue, most are hermaphrodites, make both sperm and egg, reproduce sexually and asexually, adults are sessile, larvae are free moving
what are the defining characteristics of Cnideria
chnidocytes- stinging cells, one end of the body has a opening, have simplest form of contractile tissues and nerves, two main body types, polyps and medusa ex: jellyfishes, hydras, corals
what are the defining characteristics of Lophotrochazoa
most diverse body forms, most groups, larval stage
ex: flatworms, mollusks, annelids
what are annelids
segmented worms
what are mollusks
soft unsegmented animals
what are some key characteristics shared by all vertebrates
two or more Hox genes, enclosing spinal cord, an elaborate skull
what are the key differences between vertebrates and invertebrates
invertebrates have no back bone, have a exoskeleton, generally smaller, open circulatory system, includes radial and bilateral symmetry.
what characteristics do the jawless fishes share
feed by suction, long cylindrical bodies
what’s the significance of the development of jaws on animals
allows organism to grip more prey firmly increasing their capture rate, provide ability to attack larger prey opens up to more food sources
what are the shared characteristics of class actinopterygii
bony skeletons, scale covered skin, have an operculum- allows to take in oxygen without swimming, have a swim bladder, typically external fertilization
what characteristic allows ray finned fish to stop swimming and not sink
their swim bladder, helps with the buoyancy
what are the characteristics of nematodes
bilateral symmetry, unsegmented, round worms that are visible, large numbers are parasitic
what types of nematodes contribute to diseases
pinworms, hookworms, heartworms
what does it mean to be a lobed fin fish
having paired fins that are rounded and fleshy
what groups share lobed fin fish as a common ancestor
tetrapod’s
what are the characteristics common among all reptilian lineages
all are vertebrates, lay eggs, have scaly skin, cannot control body temp
what are the key characteristics of the class aves
nearly all can fly, feathers, feathers grow back, scales on feet and legs, evolved from saurischian dinos
what characteristics allow birds to fly
feathers, air sacs makes bird breathing more efficient, reduction of organs, light weight bones, enlarged breastbone provides anchor for flight muscles
what are the derived characteristics of mammals
mammary glands secrete milk, hair, specialized teeth, enlarged skull