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2014 Patho-DR Shepherd > Exam 3 Reproductive Disorders Vocab. Only Ch(11) > Flashcards

Exam 3 Reproductive Disorders Vocab. Only Ch(11) Flashcards

0
Q

Primary follicle

A

.Single layer of cells that surround each ovary

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1
Q

Fimbriae

A

Finger like projections at the outer ends of the Fallopian tube

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2
Q

Hymen

A

A membranous fold that partly or completely closes the vaginal opening

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3
Q

Bartholins glands

A

.Mucous secreting glands situated at the vaginal entrance responsible for sex lubrication.

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4
Q

Menarche

A

.The onset of menstration signaling the start of a woman’s reproductive years occurs generally 10-15 years old

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5
Q

Graafian follicles

A

.Ovarian follicles stimulated by a pituitary gonadotrophic hormone at the beginning of each monthly cycle so that they begin to grow and develope.

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6
Q

Estrogen

A

Sx hormone in females

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7
Q

Hcg human chorionic gonadotropin hormone

A

Hormone secreted by the chorionic villi after implantation of the fertilized ovum in the uterus.

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8
Q

Corpus lutem

A

A structure that developes from the ovarian follicle after ovulation .

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9
Q

Ectopic pregnancy

A

A pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum implants in a tissue othe than the uterus most commonly in the Fallopian tubes.

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10
Q

Laparoscopy

A

.A procedure in which an illuminated tube is inserted through a small incision or opening used to diagnose endometriosis

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11
Q

Colposcopy

A

Examination of the vagina and the uterus usually used by a colposcope.

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12
Q

Hysteroscopy

A

Instrument used to visualize the uterine lining

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13
Q

Pid pelvic inflammatory disease

A

When pelvic reproductive organs become inflamed due to bacteria, viral, fungal, or parasitic invasion. Most common cause is STI’s like goonoherrea and chlamydia

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14
Q

Carcinoma in situ

A

Is the earliest stage of cervical cancer in which the underlying tissue has not been invaded. 4 xs mor comman than cervical cancer itself.

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15
Q

Human papilloma virus hpv

A

Most important risk factor for cervical cancer.

- type of virus responsible for genital warts that seems to be the causative agent in uterine cervical carcinoma

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16
Q

Endometrial cancer

A

Most common cancer or female reproductive organs.

  • unknown etiology
  • hormone driven, shift between estrogen and progesterone leaning towards estrogen . Malignant tumor may grow into the cavity of the uterus or invade the wall itself.
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17
Q

Leiomyomas

A

Are benign tumors of the smooth muscle of uterus

- also called fibroid tumors, most common tumor in females.

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18
Q

Ovarian cancer

A

5th cause of cancer death in women

  • unknown etiology
  • difficult to detect
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19
Q

Breast cancer

A

2nd leading cause of cancer death in women

  • lump or mass
  • May metastasis to lung, liver, brain, bone.
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20
Q

Fibroademonas

A 
Benign breast condition
- also called breast cysts
-most common benign breast tumor
-painless
-known etiology 
-
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21
Q

Breast cysts

A

Also called fibroadenomas

- tiny fluid filled sacs within the breast tissue

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22
Q

Amenorrhea

A

Absence of menstrual periods

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23
Q

Dysmenorrhea

A

Painful or difficult menses
- primary no physical abnormality
Secondary involved underlying physical cause like endometriosis or PID , IUD
- prevention: avoid PID risk factors .

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24
Q

Menorrhagia

A

Excessive or prolonged bleeding during menstration

25
Q

Metrorrhagia

A

Is bleeding between menstrual periods or extreme irregularity of me trial cycle.
- etiology: hormone imbalance, infection, endometriosis, miscarriage , ectopic pregnancy

26
Q

Premenstrual syndrome

A

A group of symptoms that start one to two weeks prior to menstruation and cease with onset of symptoms.

27
Q

Prementrual dysphoric disorder

A

A more severe pms with suicidal thoughts and depression

-serotonin may play a role

28
Q

Endometriosis

A

Condition which endometrial tissue gets embedded outside the uterus by way of blood or lymph. Can embed in the ovaries, other surface of uterus or bowels, or abdominal organs.
The tissue itself is very sensitive and responds to hormone changes

29
Q

Ectopic .pregnancy

A

When fertilized ovum embeds elsewhere than the uterus.

Very dangerous

30
Q

Spontaneous abortion

A

Loss of fetus before 20th week

31
Q

Miscarriage

A

Commonly called a spontaneous abortion loss of fetus before 20th week

32
Q

Preeclampsia

A
  • Only occurs during pregnancy
  • pregnancy induce hypertension or PIH and toxemia are all the same thing .
  • basically high blood pressure and protein In the urine.
33
Q

Gestational diabetes mellitus

A

Dm brought on by pregnancy due to higher need on insulin

- stress hormones and doubly activated such as cortisol, epinephrine and glucagon all raise blood glucose.

34
Q

Seminiferous tubules

A

Site of sperm development

- suspended in the scrotum

35
Q

Epididymis

A

When sperm are amture they enter the epidydimus a coiled tube that lies along the outer wall of the testies

36
Q

Vas deferens

A

A duct that passes through the Inguinal canal into the abdominal cavity of males.

37
Q

Seminal vesicle

A

Produces fructose to nourish the sperm

38
Q

Prostate gland

A

When ducts open into the first part of tamale urethra

39
Q

Bulbourethral glands

A

.Secrete into the urethra as it enters the penis

40
Q

Prostatitis

A

Inflamation or infection of the prostate gland

41
Q

Cytoscopy

A

Used to view the urethra and the bladder

42
Q

Epididymitis

A

Inflamx of the epidydimus

43
Q

Orchitis

A

Inflamx of the testes caused by the mumps usually

44
Q

Cyrptorchidism

A

When balls don’t drop. Usually in kids infants etc..

45
Q

Testicular cancer

A

Cancer in one or both of the testes

46
Q

STDs

A

Sexually transmitted diseases spread by sexual contact

- usually caused by virus, bacteria, infection

47
Q

Gonorhea

A

Neiseria gonorrhoeae which is a coccus bacterium.
Transmitted through sexual contact and during childbirth.
- men are normally asymptomatic
-in women a common cause OF PID

48
Q

Syphilis

A

We caused by the bacterium TREPONEMA PALLADIUM

-transmitted through sexual contact with direct contact of a syphillis chancre

49
Q

Chancre

A

An ulceration of th genitals in the primary stage of syphillis

50
Q

Chlamydia

A

Std caused by CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS.

  • MOST frequently reported std in the USA.
  • known as the silent disease because of asymptomatism.
51
Q

Trichomoniasis

A

Caused by a Protozoa TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS

52
Q

Genital herpes

A

Caused by hsv-1 and type 2
Type 1 causes mouth and lip infex
Type 2 more on the genitals.

53
Q

Human papillomavirus

A

One of the most common causes of STI’s in the world
- type of virus responsible for genital warts
that seems to be the causative agent in uterine cervical carcinoma.

54
Q

Genital warts

A

Sti caused by hpv

55
Q

Menopause

A

Cessation a of menstrual periods

56
Q

Uterine prolapse

A

Uterus dropping downward toward the vagina

57
Q

Cystocele

A

Downward displacement of the bladder on the vagina

58
Q

Rectocele

A

Downward displacement of the rectum protesting the vagina results from trauma to fascia

59
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia bph

A

Enlargement of prorate gland very common in males 60-70

60
Q

Prostate cancer

A

Unknown cause. Those who eat lots of red meat and lots of dairy can be mor susceptible .

2014 Patho-DR Shepherd (11 decks)

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