EXAM 3- Blood Disorders Vocab. Only (Ch 7)

Question 1

plasma

Answer 1

• pale-yellow liquid component of blood that normally holds the blood cells in whole blood in suspension.
• 55% of the body’s total blood volume.
• intravascular fluid part of extracellular fluid (all body fluid outside of cells)

Question 2

hemoglobin

Answer 2

oxygen carrying protein containing iron that allows RBC’s to deliver O2 from lungs to all body tissues

Question 3

erythrocytes

Answer 3

Red blood cells

Question 4

globulin

Answer 4

and iron binding protein in hemoglobin

Question 5

heme

Answer 5

nonprotein, iron-containing pigment together with globulin makes up hemoglobin

Question 6

erythropoeisis

Answer 6

production of red blood cells. usually in flat bon ares-ribs,sternum, hip and skull bones

Question 7

erythropoetin

Answer 7

a hormone, made by kidneys that stimulates RBC growth or production.

Question 8

anemia

Answer 8

.(textbook) p152

-a condition of reduced red blood cells caused

Question 9

hypoxia

Answer 9

(textbook) p152

- lack of oxygen

Question 10

hemolysis

Answer 10

.(textbook) p153

-red blood cell death

Question 11

renal failure(anemia of renal disease

Answer 11

when kidneys don’t produce adequate erythropoietin. Need serum iron labs done for determination.

Question 12

pernicious anemia

Answer 12

• also called Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia

- inadequate B12 aborption by the protein called intrinsic factor which is made in the stomach

Question 13

intrinsic factor

Answer 13

produced in the stomach and carries B12 to the small intestine where its absorbed in the blood stream.

Question 14

splenectomy

Answer 14

removal of the spleen

Question 15

polycythemia vera

Answer 15

increased RBC mass and WBC and platelet count with no physiological stimulus

• men 45-65
• unknown etiology

Question 16

hemoglobinopathies

Answer 16

are disorders, or mutations, affecting the structure, function and production of hemoglobin. usually inherited. most common sickle cell and thalassemia.

Question 17

sickelcell anemia

Answer 17

genetic(autosomal recessive), with abnormal hemoglobin(hemaglobinS) resulting in deformed sickle shaped rbc’s

Question 18

thalassemia

Answer 18

• genetic
• group of inherited blood disorders with deficient synthesis of alpha or beta chains
• have mild to severe symptoms

Question 19

platlets

Answer 19

clotting elements of blood produced in the bone marrow

Question 20

hemostasis

Answer 20

reduced blood flow

-hemostasis requires-platletes,prothrombin,thrombin, vitsmnK, calcium for the arrest of bleeding or clotting.

Question 21

thrombocytopenia

Answer 21

• platelet disease in GI and ureogential hemmorages and severe nose bleeds
• low platelets count in the blood. This causes bleeding into the tissues, bruising, and slow blood clotting after injury.

Question 22

petechia

Answer 22

tiny red or purple spots caused by minute blood vessels that rupture in the skin

Question 23

ecchymosis(BRUISE)

Answer 23

a discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically caused by bruising.

Question 24

coagulation factors

Answer 24

Clotting factors are proteins needed for normal blood clotting. With fewer platelets and clotting factors in the blood, serious bleeding can occur. DIC can cause internal and external bleeding. Internal bleeding occurs inside the body.

• formed in the LIVER
• VII, IX, X, and prothrombin require Vitamin K in order to clot

Question 25

hemophilia A

Answer 25

is a hereditary(x-linkked recessive) bleeding disorder caused by a lack of blood clotting factor VIII
-Men
-

Question 26

Von willebrand disease

Answer 26

is the most common hereditary coagulation abnormality described in humans, although it can also be acquired as a result of other medical conditions. It arises from a qualitative or quantitative deficiency of von Willebrand factor (vWF), a multimeric protein that is required for platelet adhesion.

Question 27

DIC (disseninated intravasular coagulation)

Answer 27

is a rare, life-threatening condition that prevents blood from clotting normally.

• destruction of platelets and consumption of clotting factors
• can happen in sepsis or blood infection,shock, obstetrical, child birthing, cancer
• release thrombin which causes a domino effects of crap

Question 28

consumptive coagulopathy

Answer 28

depletion of platelets and clotting factors which leads to extensive bleeding which all can originate form (DIC)
-Dx secondary under DIC

Question 29

leukocytes

Answer 29

white blood cells

Question 30

neutrophils

Answer 30

wbc’s that fight against invaders or injury

Question 31

eosinophils

Answer 31

wbc that kills parasites and response to allergic reactions.

Question 32

basophils

Answer 32

wbc that promotes inflammation and participates in allergic responses

Question 33

monocytes

Answer 33

WBC that aided in clearing pus

Question 34

lymphocytes

Answer 34

a wbc that consists of

T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes

Question 35

Neutropenia

Answer 35

decreased WBC’s or (neutrophils)

-this increases risk for infection and fevers

Question 36

IHS (idiopthic hypereosinophilic syndrome)

Answer 36

multi system disease with increased blood eosinophils form heart and nervous system issues
-males onset 20-50 yrs old

Question 37

spasticity

Answer 37

Spasticity is stiff or rigid muscles

Question 38

ataxia

Answer 38

Ataxia describes a lack of muscle control during voluntary movements, such as walking or picking up objects

Question 39

(EMS) eosinophilia myalgia syndrome

Answer 39

multi system disease with pain fatigue and elevations of circulating blood eosinophils

Question 40

anemia of chronic disease etiology

Answer 40

erythropoiesis defect

Question 41

megaloblastic anemia

Answer 41

LOW B12 and or LOW Folic acid

cause by ‘impaired’ DNA synthesis. number of RBC’s is impaired due to ineffective erythropoiesis which leads to…

Question 42

megaloblastic RBC’s ..

Answer 42

are enlarged rbi’s with increased DNA to RNA ratio

Question 43

bilirubin

Answer 43

an orange-yellow pigment formed in the liver by the breakdown of hemoglobin and excreted in bile.

Question 44

ITP idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Answer 44

an autoimmune disorder resulting in excess destruction of platelets Dx after initial Dx of severe thrombocytopenia
-kids<5 yrs old following a viral infection.

Question 45

desmopressin

Answer 45

stimulates the release of factor VIII