Exam 3 quizzes and IClicker Flashcards
secretion of bicarbonate mucus
mucous neck cells
secretion of HCl
parietal cells
secretion of pepsinogen
chief cells
secretion of local hormones, like Gastrin
Enteroendocrine cells
Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?
Glycogen storage
Albumin synthesis
Production of erythropoietin
Drug detoxification
Bile production
Production of erythropoietin
Which of the following diseases is characterized by progressive fibrosis and jaundice?
Diabetes
Crohn’s disease
Barrett Esophagus
Fatty liver
Cirrhosis
Cirrhosis
Which layer of the GI tract is mainly responsible for producing peristaltic waves?
Lamina muscularis
Submucosa
Serosa
Mucosa
Muscularis externa
Muscularis externa
What is the primary function of bile during digestion?
Dissolve fats
Protein hydrolysis
Carbohydrate hydrolysis
Nucleic acid breakdown
Dissolve fats
Layers of smooth and slippery tissue that surround many digestive organs and allow them to move freely within the abdomen are called…
Pericardium
Pleura
Omentum
Peritoneum
abdominal ligament
Peritoneum
Steatorrhea is the presence of increased fat in feces. Based on what you know about the function of organs in the GI tract, which organ do you think is LEAST LIKELY to be the cause of a patient’s steatorrhea?
Stomach
Small intestine
Pancreas
Liver
Stomach
Which of the following accurately describes conducting zones of the respiratory system in order from beginning to end?
lungs, larynx, trachea, pharynx, nasal cavity, nose.
nose, nasal cavity, trachea, pharynx, larynx, lungs.
nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, larynx, lungs.
nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs.
nose, nasal cavity, larynx, pharynx, trachea, lungs.
nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs.
Which of the following is a TRUE statement?
In humans, the left lung is larger than the right lung
In humans, both lungs are the same size
In humans, the right lung is larger than the left lung
In humans, the right lung is larger than the left lung
Which four of the following eight statements are true when a human lung inflates?
Diaphragm descends
Pulmonary pressure > atmospheric pressure
Intercostal muscles descend
atmospheric pressure > pulmonary pressure
Intercostal muscles ascend
Pleural pressure > pulmonary pressure
Diaphragm ascends
pulmonary pressure > pleural pressure
Diaphragm descends
atmospheric pressure > pulmonary pressure
Intercostal muscles ascend
pulmonary pressure > pleural pressure
Which of the following would you NOT expect to find inside alveoli?
Columnar epithelium
macrophages
surfactant secreting cells
squamous epithelium
Columnar epithelium
Which of the following accounts for most of the CO2 dissolved in blood?
bound to hemoglobin
dissolved in plasma
CO2 bubbles
bicarbonate ions
glucose
bicarbonate ions
Under “normal” circumstances, how many oxygen molecules are released from hemoglobin in the capillaries?
4
2
3
1
1
The cilia and mucus found within the conducting zones of the respiratory system is important for…
Catching particulate matter (dust, bacteria, viruses) before it enters the lungs and then moving it out of the respiratory passages
Facilitating gas exchange at the respiratory membrane
Reducing airway resistance within respiratory passages
Producing and storing cytokines to attract macrophages
Decreasing alveolar surface tension
Catching particulate matter (dust, bacteria, viruses) before it enters the lungs and then moving it out of the respiratory passages
Basic respiratory rhythm can be modified by all of the following EXCEPT…
NO release within hypoxic tissue
CO2, O2, and H+ concentrations in the bloodstream
Drugs such as alcohol, morphine, and sleeping pills
Strong emotions
Central and peripherial chemoreceptors
NO release within hypoxic tissue
Type II cells within the lung secrete surfactant. Surfactant is important because…
Its presence causes infant respiratory distress syndrome
It enhances gas exchange across the respiratory membrane
It is sticky and catches bacterial and viral cells, preventing infection
It reduces surface tension on alveolar walls
It helps the lungs return to normal volume after inhalation
It reduces surface tension on alveolar walls
Which structures are the most predominant / important parts of the renal medulla?
Glomeruli
Medullary pyramids
Renal columns
Loop of Henle
Medullary pyramids
What is the name of the arteriol that directly feeds into the glomerulus?
Peritubular arteriole
Interlobular arteriole
Arcuate arteriole
Afferent arteriole
Efferent arteriole
Afferent arteriole
Which of the following is NOT part of the glomerular filtration membrane?
Basement membrane
Endothelial cells
Tight junctions
Fenestrations
Podocytes
Tight junctions
Approximately how many nephrons does a normal human kidney have?
42
1,000
100,000
1,000,000,000
1,000,000
1,000,000
Which of the following is least likely to be present in the glomerular filtrate?
Glucose
Protein > 50 kD
Urea
Protein < 50 kD
Amino acids
Protein > 50 kD
