Exam 3 Pain Flashcards
Which part of the brain is responsible for assigning meaning to the perception of pain impulses and relaying the impulses to other parts of the brain?
a. The thalamus
b. The PAG region
c. The hypothalamus
d. The reticular activating system
A. Thalamus
Nociceptors are stimulated by which of the following? Select all that may apply.
a. _____ Mechanical pressure
b. _____ Chemicals released during injury
c. _____ Inflammatory mediators
d. _____ Extreme hot or cold temperatures
e. _____ Movement of body parts
a,b,c,d- mechanical pressure, chemicals, inflammatory mediators, extreme temps.
Which of the following is TRUE for a A-delta fiber of pain transmission? Select all that may apply.
a. _____ It is a larger fiber
b. _____ It is unmyelinated
c. _____ It is primarily found in the neospinothalamic tract
d. _____ It is associated with sharp pain
e. _____ It is found in the paleospinothalamic tract
a,c,d
Which one of the following statements is TRUE regarding pain tolerance? Select all that may apply.
a. ___ ___ It is the maximum intensity of pain a person is willing to endure
b. ___ ___ It is influenced by psychological, cultural, social, and environmental factors
c. ______ It is basically the same in normal individuals
d. ______ It is the reception, transmission, and registering of the pain impulse
e. ______ It indicates the severity of the pain impulse
a,b
Which of the following is an example of a condition that would cause deep somatic pain?
a. A laceration of the foot caused by scraping a nail
b. An ulcer of the stomach
c. A sprained ankle
d. An abrasion to the knees
c
Which of the following is a powerful pain producing substance in the body?
a. Bradykinin
b. Enkephalin
c. Dynorphin
d. Endorphin
a
How are the sites of referred pain determined?
a. Associations that are made during previous pain experiences
b. The segmental origin of the visceral and somatic structures during embryonic development
c. From the type of noxious stimulant that is responsible for producing the pain
d. From the duration of the pain experience
b
A nociceptor that responds to only one type of stimulus is classified as which type of receptor?
a. Polymodal
b. Unimodal
c. Multimodal
d. Singlemodal
b
Which one of the following neurons transmit information from the thalamus to the cerebral cortexes?
a. First order neurons b. Second order neurons c. Third order neurons d. Quintary order neurons
c
Which of the following statements regarding acute pain is TRUE?
a. The pain of a minor injury is less than that of a severe injury
b. It is a symptom of some insult and not a disease
c. All people react the same way to pain
d. Nurses commonly over-medicate for acute pain and cause persons to become addicted
b
A true pain receptor characterized by free nerve endings is called a ________________.
nociceptor
The _________________ fibers are larger and myelinated and are known for fast pain transmission
(check for answer)
The classification (or type) of pain that is the most diffuse and hard to locate is visceral / deep somatic / cutaneous (circle one) pain.
visceral
_____ The least intense stimulus that will cause pain in an individual and is essentially the same for each person).
Pain threshold
_____ A substance when released by cells produces pain.
bradykinin
