Exam 3 HTN, PVD, Shock Flashcards
TRUE – FALSE: The underlying pathology of shock, regardless of the type, is the effect of aerobic cellular metabolism on the various body systems.
False
Which of the following would result in an increase in systemic blood pressure?
a. Hypovolemia b. Vasodilation c. Vasoconstriction d. Parasympathetic output
C
Which of the following factors predispose a patient to the development of essential (primary) hypertension?
a. Obesity and high sodium intake b. Coarctation of the aorta c. Atherosclerosis and pregnancy d. Brain ischemia and excess adrenal cortical hormone levels
A
According to the Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of Hypertension (JNC VII), which of the following systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) pressures is indicative of a diagnosis of hypertension (stage 2)?
a. SBP > 130 and a DBP > 80 mm Hg b. SBP > 140 or a DBP > 90 mm Hg c. SBP > 160 and a DBP > 100 mm Hg d. SBP >140 and a DBP > 80 mmHg
C
Which of the following is a sign or symptom of deep vein thrombosis? Select all that apply.
a. _____ Pain
b. _____ Redness of the extremity
c. _____ Edema of the extremity
d. _____ Loss of a pulse to the extremity
a,b,c
An arterial peripheral vascular disease of unknown etiology but that is prevalent in heavy smokers is which one of the following?
a. Arteriosclerosis obliterans b. Raynaud's disease c. Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger’s Disease) d. Varicose veins
C
Shock is a complex pathophysiological process involving which of the following? Select all that apply.
_____ a. Decreased blood perfusion to the kidneys
\_\_\_\_\_ b. Acidosis \_\_\_\_\_ c. Rapid heart rate \_\_\_\_\_ d. Hypertension \_\_\_\_\_ e. Anaerobic glycolysis
a,b,c,e
Which of the following is a sign or symptom of an arterial vascular disorder? Select all that apply.
\_\_ \_\_\_ Sharp, stabbing pain \_\_ \_\_\_ Lower extremity edema
___ __ Absent pulses
\_\_ \_\_\_ Shiny, hairless skin \_\_ \_\_\_ Aching, cramping pain \_\_ \_\_\_ Cool skin, pallor with elevation
a,c,d,f
Which classification of shock would be caused by toxic shock syndrome?
a. Cardiogenic
b. Hypovolemic
c. Distributive
d. Obstructive
C
The arterial blood pressure is directly determined by which of the following?
a. Cardiac output b. Venous blood volume c. Peripheral vascular resistance d. Cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance
D
A nurse in the emergency department is completing an assessment of a patient who is in hypovolemic shock. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Select all that may apply.
a. _____ A heart rate = 60 beats/min
b. _____ A decreased mentation and level of consciousness, possible seizure activity
c. _____ Respiratory rate of 42 breaths/min
d. _____ Increased urine output
e. _____ A weak, thready pulse
f. _____ Flushed, dry skin
b,c,e
A nurse is reviewing clinical manifestations of a thoracic aortic aneurysm with a new graduate nurse. Which of the following should the nurse include in the discussion? Select all that apply.
a. \_\_\_\_\_ Cough b. \_\_\_\_\_ Shortness of breath c. \_\_\_\_\_ Upper chest pain d. \_\_\_\_\_ Diaphoresis e. \_\_\_\_\_ Altered swallowing
a,b,e
The classification of shock that affects the “pipes” (vasogenic shock) is called Obstructive / Hypovolemic / Distributive / Cardiogenic shock and the most common type of this shock (with a 50% mortality rate) is ______________ shock.
Distributive; septic
TRUE – FALSE: The clinical manifestations (signs/symptoms) observed in a person who is in shock, are due to the physiologic compensatory mechanisms of the body.
T
TRUE – FALSE: Urinary output of less than 30 cc per hour may indicate the kidneys are not being perfused and the patient is going into shock.
T
