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nursing 2900 > exam 3 objectives > Flashcards

exam 3 objectives Flashcards

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1
Q

what is critical thinking

A

the process of intentional and reflective thinking judgment about nursing

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2
Q

what is the focus of critical thinking in nursing

A

clinical decision-making to provide safe, effective care

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3
Q

why is critical thinking critical in nursing

A

helps to address all aspects of patient care

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4
Q

what are 2 characteristics of critical thinking

A

gathering all information and asking why

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5
Q

what are the 4 types of nursing knowledge

A

theoretical, practical, self, and ethical

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6
Q

what is theoretical knowledge

A

thinking, what we know

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7
Q

what is practical knowledge

A

doing, what we do

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8
Q

what is self knowledge

A

knowledge about ourselves

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9
Q

what is ethical knowledge

A

caring, our sense of morality, right vs wrong

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10
Q

what is ADPIE

A

the nursing process

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11
Q

what does ADPIE stand for

A

assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation

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12
Q

what is assessment in ADPIE

A

data gathering

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13
Q

what is diagnosis in ADPIE

A

identifying the patient’s needs

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14
Q

what is planning in ADPIE

A

the plan of care

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15
Q

what is implementation in ADPIE

A

action phase, carrying out interventions

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16
Q

what is evaluation in ADPIE

A

measuring the effectiveness of interventions

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17
Q

what are the skills needed to perform a nursing assessment (4)

A

observe, auscultate, smell, palpate

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18
Q

what is being observed during nursing assessments

A

overall appearance, gait, skin quality

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19
Q

what is being auscultated during nursing assessments

A

heartbeat, breath sounds, speech, noises with movement

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20
Q

what is being smelt during nursing assessments

A

odors in breath, urine, stool, etc.

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21
Q

what is being palpitated during nursing assessments

A

the softness of the abdomen, quality of pulse rate, character of an injury, firmness of an infant’s fontanelle

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22
Q

what are the 2 types of data

A

subjective and objective

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23
Q

what is subjective data

A

something that can be biased or changed

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24
Q

what are examples of subjective data

A

pain, symptoms

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25
Q

what is objective data

A

data that is measured, factual, 5 senses, observable

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26
Q

what is a comprehensive assessment

A

head-to-toe and patient story

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27
Q

what is a focused assessment

A

a closer look at something that stood out during a comprehensive assessment

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28
Q

how are patient’s needs prioritized in holistic nursing

A

using Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development

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29
Q

what are documentation guidelines

A

charts are a legal document that can be used in court, use professional language, complete right after assessments, quote the patient on how they feel

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30
Q

what are the aspects of holistic full-spectrum nursing

A

compassion and concern for other’s well-being, building trust in a caring relationship, self-care

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31
Q

what is a nursing diagnosis

A

a diagnosis that changes as the patient needs change

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32
Q

what is a medical diagnosis

A

a diagnosis that stays the same, based on initial problems

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33
Q

how are nursing diagnosis used in patient care

A

to track patient outcomes

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34
Q

how is the nursing process described

A

the linear process

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35
Q

how is the holistic nursing process described

A

the circular process

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36
Q

what does assessment in ADPIE do

A

prioritizes health concerns in collaboration with the client, includes scientific and intuitive approaches

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37
Q

what does diagnosis in ADPIE do

A

analyze assessment data to determine problems

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38
Q

what does planning in ADPIE do

A

develops strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcomes and how to manage a problem

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39
Q

what is important for the nurse to do during the planning phase of ADPIE

A

respect the patient’s experience and uniqueness of each healing journey

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40
Q

what does implementing in ADPIE do

A

puts the plan in partnership with the person

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41
Q

what does evaluation in ADPIE do

A

looks at progress toward attainment of outcomes while recognizing and honoring the healing process

42
Q

what is important to note during the evaluation phase of ADPIE

A

changes

43
Q

what is the linear process

A

step-by-step work that mirrors the scientific process, helps nurses think through connections, provides a framework that helps nurses identify their contribution to care

44
Q

what is the circular process

A

understanding that every step of the nursing process may be happening all at once and that the nurse may be addressing multiple client needs at the same time

45
Q

what is the holistic nursing process focused on

A

the whole person

46
Q

what is the nursing process focused on

A

the treatment of a patient’s problems

47
Q

what is self-concept

A

the overall view of oneself that can change through social and environmental factors

48
Q

what factors affect self concept

A

illness/hospitalization, gender identity, locus of control, developmental level, family and peer relationships

49
Q

what is an internal locus of control

A

taking responsibility, having control

50
Q

what is an external locus of control

A

having the mindset that things happen to you, no control

51
Q

what are the 4 components of self-concept

A

personal identity, body image, self-esteem, role performance

52
Q

what is personal identity

A

viewing yourself as unique, stays relatively constant, potentially impaired if challenged

53
Q

what is body image

A

the mental image of one’s own physical self, appearance and function, has a large influence on health

54
Q

what is self-esteem

A

how well a person likes themselves, overlaps with ideal self and real self

55
Q

what is role performance

A

actions and behaviors in a fulfilling role

56
Q

what is role strain

A

mismatch between expectations and reality

57
Q

what is interpersonal role conflict

A

ideas of how to perform differ from another person

58
Q

what is inter role conflict

A

two roles have competing demands on a person

59
Q

what are the components of a comprehensive psychosocial assessment (12)

A

biological details, recent life changes/stressors, history of mental health issues, family relationships, social resources/network, lifestyle/relationships, functional abilities, interpersonal communication, usual coping mechanisms, health priorities, personality style, spirituality

60
Q

what is a psychosocial assessment

A

an assessment to figure out what a person thinks or feels

61
Q

what are mild anxiety symptoms

A

muscle tension, restlessness, irritability, unease (mild anxiety is a normal response)

62
Q

what are moderate anxiety symptoms

A

perceptual field narrows, uncomfortable physical symptoms, focus on self and need to relieve discomfort

63
Q

what are severe anxiety symptoms

A

can only focus on one thing, severely limited concentration, more obvious physical symptoms

64
Q

what are panic anxiety symptoms

A

unreasonable/irrational, misperceive cues, lose contact with reality, react wildly, withdraw, cannot function or communicate, feel terror, disabling significant physical symptoms

65
Q

what is a nurse’s role caring for patients with depression and anxiety

A

recognize how severe the situation is and contact mental health professionals (assess levels to determine appropriate actions)

66
Q

what is growth

A

physical changes that occur over time, the physical part of development

67
Q

what is development

A

the process of adapting to one’s body and environment over time through skill progression and increasing complexity of function

68
Q

does growth and development usually follow an orderly and predictable pattern

A

yes

69
Q

how is growth and development unique for each person

A

the timing, rate of change, and response to changes are different for each individual

70
Q

what pattern does growth and development follow

A

a cephalocaudal and proximal distal pattern

71
Q

describe the cephalocaudal pattern

A

beginning at the head and progressing down the chest, trunk, and lower extremities

72
Q

describe the proximal distal pattern

A

beginning at the center of the body and moving outward

73
Q

what did developmental theorists do

A

divide the lifespan into stages representing a period of time that shares common characteristics

74
Q

what do theories do for the nurse

A

organize data and create appropriate nursing interventions individualized to the patient’s needs

75
Q

why do nurses use developmental theories

A

helps nurses determine if a patient’s behavior is expected or needs further assessment

76
Q

what is the cognitive theory based on

A

an understanding of how humans develop cognitive abilities

77
Q

who created the cognitive theory

A

jean piaget

78
Q

what 3 competencies does cognitive development require

A

adaption, assimilation, accommodation

79
Q

what are the 4 parts of Piaget’s cognitive development

A

sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operations, and formal operations

80
Q

what is the sensorimotor stage

A

learning the world through senses, displays curiosity, shows intentional behavior, begins to see objects as separate from self

81
Q

what is the preoperational stage

A

uses symbols and language, egocentric, thought based on perceptions not logic

82
Q

what is the concrete operation stage

A

operates and reacts to what is concrete, can see from other’s viewpoints, able to use logic and reason, able to conserve

83
Q

what is formal operations

A

develops the ability to think abstractly

84
Q

what stage of Piaget’s developmental theory do some never complete

A

formal operations

85
Q

what is the theory of psychosocial development

A

believing personality continues to evolve throughout the lifespan

86
Q

when is the trust vs mistrust stage

A

birth to 18 months

87
Q

when is the autonomy vs shame and doubt stage

A

18 months to 3 years

88
Q

when is the initiative vs guilt stage

A

3 to 5 years

89
Q

when is the industry vs inferiority stage

A

6 to 11 years

90
Q

when is the identity vs role confusion stage

A

11 to 21 years

91
Q

when is the intimacy vs isolation stage

A

21 to 40 years old

92
Q

what is the generativity vs stagnation stage

A

40 to 65 years old

93
Q

when is the ego vs despair stage

A

65 years +

94
Q

why do nurses use developmental theories

A

to understand what is normal or expected before they can identify abnormal things or concerns and to provide appropriate health promotional activities

95
Q

describe context for care

A

how family supports or causes stress

96
Q

describe unit of care

A

the health of each family is important

97
Q

describe family system

A

how the family interacts with each other and those in larger communities

98
Q

what is the general systems theory

A

a theory based on the interaction of the family among themselves and others

99
Q

what is the structural-functional family theory

A

how they are working as a family, focusing on the outcomes of interactions

100
Q

what is the developmental theory

A

8 stages from before children to the aging family, typically focusing on the growing family with children’s ages and stages

101
Q

what is the main component of a holistic family assessment

A

figuring out how the family communicates

nursing 2900 (6 decks)

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