Exam 3 Muscular system

Question 1

What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?

Answer 1

Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac

Question 2

List the function of muscle tissue

Answer 2

1. Movement
2. Stabilization
3. Thermogenesis

Question 3

What are some general characteristics of muscle tissue:

Answer 3

1) Irritability- cell can respond to a stimulus
2) Contractility - cells can shorten
3) Extensibility - cells can lengthen
4) Elasticity - cells can return to original length

Question 4

Muscle tissue is composed of __________ cells

Answer 4

Elongated cells

Question 5

Skeletal muscle is also known as:

Answer 5

voluntary or striated

Question 6

Location of somatic / skeletal muscles:

Answer 6

upper part of the esophagus, diaphragm

Question 7

Skeletal cells: are ________ and long (originate through the fusion of several myoblast)

Answer 7

Multinucleated

Question 8

Skeletal muscle: a muscle is surrounded by an _________ composed of _______ connective tissue)

Answer 8

Epimysium; dense

Question 9

Skeletal muscle: made up of bundles of muscle cells (fascicles), each covered by a ______ (composed of _______ connective tissue)

Answer 9

Perimysium; dense connective tissue

Question 10

Skeletal muscle: the fascicle is made up of numerous muscle cells/ fibers, each covered by an:

Answer 10

Endomysium (consisting of a basal lamina)

Question 11

Skeletal muscle: At the _______ ______ the endomysium, perimysium & epimysium become continuous with the muscle tendon, which attaches the muscle to the bone.

Answer 11

Myotendinous junction

Question 12

Skeletal muscle: What is the sarcolemma?

Answer 12

The cell membrane of a muscle fiber

Question 13

What are the transverse tubules?

Answer 13

They are continuous with the sarcolemma, extending into the interior of the fiber, surrounding the myofibrils

Question 14

Specialized endoplasmic reticulum, forms a tubular network around the myofibrils

Answer 14

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 15

Large chambers of sarcoplasmic reticulum, forms a tubular network around the myofibrils

Answer 15

Cisternae

Question 16

Unit of a transverse tubule & flanking cisternae encircling a myofibril

Answer 16

Triad

Question 17

What makes up a myofibril?

Answer 17

microfilaments, arranged into sarcomeres

Question 18

Thin filaments are primarily made up of the contractile protein?

Answer 18

Actin

Question 19

Thin filaments: contain what 2 regulatory proteins?

Answer 19

Troponin & tropomyosin

Question 20

Thin filaments: are held in place by the structural protein _____, which attaches the thin filament to the Z disc

Answer 20

Nebulin

Question 21

Thick filaments are primarily made up of the protein _____

Answer 21

Myosin

Question 22

Thick filaments: are held in place by structural protein _____

Answer 22

Titin

Question 23

Titin attaches the ___ filament to the _ disc and to the _ line

Answer 23

Thick; Z disc to the M line

Question 24

Make up the M line; anchors thick filaments

Answer 24

Myomesin

Question 25

Connects thin filaments to the sarcolemma of the cell, thus helping to transmit muscle tension to the muscle tendon

Answer 25

Dystrophin (also anchors thin filaments)