Exam 2 Skeletal system part 2

Question 1

Matrix of bone tissue is made up of:

Answer 1

Fibers & ground substance

Question 2

Fibers of bone tissue are made up of;

Answer 2

Type 1 collagen fibers, which provide strength to resist tensile forces

Question 3

Ground substance for bone tissue is made up of _______ component and an _______ component

Answer 3

Organic & inorganic compound

Question 4

Organic component of the ground substance for bone tissue is made up of:

Answer 4

• Proteoglycans
  
  • Chondroitan sulfate, keratan sulfate & hylaluronic
    acid
• Glycoproteins- esp. osteocetin and osteoclacin

Question 5

Inorganic component for ground substance for bone tissue is made up of:

Answer 5

Hydroxyapatite, a mineral composite, which provides strength to resist compressive forces

Question 6

What are the different types of bone cells:

Answer 6

Osteoprogenitor cells
Osteoblast
Osteocytes
Osteoclast

Question 7

Give rise to osteoblasts

- Located in the cellular layer of the periosteum and in the endosteum

Answer 7

Osteoprogenitor cells

Question 8

• lay down new bone tissue

- Located w/in the central & perforating canals of osteons & w/in the periosteum & endosteum

Answer 8

Osteoblasts

Question 9

Originate from ostoprogenitor cells

Answer 9

Osteoblast

Question 10

• Former osteoblasts

- Located w/in the lacunae of the osteons of compact bone & bony struts of spongy bone

Answer 10

Osteocytes

Question 11

Maintain surrounding bone tissue & regulate mineral content

Answer 11

Osteocytes

Question 12

• Bone destroying cells

- Cells are large & multinucleated, originating from the fusion of several monocytes

Answer 12

Osteoclasts

Question 13

Secrete acid

Answer 13

Osteoclast

Question 14

_______ &______ are active during growth and during repair

Answer 14

Osteoblast & osteoclast

Question 15

What are the types of bone tissue:

Answer 15

Primary & secondary bone tissue

Question 16

AKA woven bone tissue “immature”

Answer 16

Primary bone tissue

Question 17

• Develops first, during fetal development

- Also associated w/ repair of fractures

Answer 17

Primary bone tissue

Question 18

• Collagen fibers are randomly arranged
• Mineral content is lower
• Contains more osteocytes than mature bone tissue

Answer 18

Primary bone tissue

Question 19

AKA lamellar bone

Answer 19

Secondary bone tissue

Question 20

Compact bone outer layer of densely packed bone tissue, composed of osteons, Circumferential lamellae, and interstitial lamellae

Answer 20

Secondary bone tissue

Question 21

Osteons consist of:

Answer 21

Lamellae
Central canal (osteonic or Haversian) 
Lacunae
Canaliculi 
Perforating canals (communicating, Volkmann's)

Question 22

Concentric layers of bony connective tissue; w/in each layer, the collagen fibers are oriented at right angles to the fibers in the adjacent layers

Answer 22

Lamellae

Question 23

Contains vascular structures & nerves

Answer 23

Central canal (osteonic, Haversian)

Question 24

Holes found b/t lamellae

Answer 24

Lacunae

Question 25

Passageways connecting lacunae to each other & to the central canal

Answer 25

Canaluculi

Question 26

Connecting central canals to each other

Answer 26

Perforating canals ( Communicating or Volkmann’s)

Question 27

Multiple layers of mineralized matrix

Answer 27

Circumferential lamellae

Question 28

Located immediately deep to the periosteum

Answer 28

External circumferential lamellae

Question 29

Located at the perimeter of the medullary cavity

Answer 29

Inner circumferential lamellae

Question 30

Layers of mineralized matrix, lying b/t & around osteons; the remains of partially destroyed osteons

Answer 30

Interstitial lamellae

Question 31

• Found in the interior of a bone

- lattice/network of bony bars & struts, each consisting of just a few concentric layers of bony connective tissue

Answer 31

Spongy bone

Question 32

Very thin layer of modified compact bone, lacking the extensive vascular channels

Answer 32

Subchondral bone

Question 33

Found underlying articular cartilage, making up the articular surface

Answer 33

Subchondral bone

Question 34

Wolff’s Law

Answer 34

A bone remodels it’s shape according to the way force is transmitted through it.