Exam 3 (Misc Gram- Bacilli/Coccobacilli; Panther System)

Question 1

Stool specimens suspected of being Vibrio should be transported in this type of media:

Answer 1

Cary-Blair

Question 2

What selective media is used for Vibrio:

Answer 2

TCBS (thiosulfate citrate bile salts)

• bile salts inhibit gram+
• high pH inhibits other intestinal flora

Question 3

Which serotypes of Vibrio cholerae have been involved in epidemics/pandemics:

Answer 3

O1

O139

Question 4

Vibrio cholerae is strongly linked to:

Answer 4

contaminated seafood (water exposed to feces)

Question 5

Rice water stools are associated with:

Answer 5

Cholera

Vibrio cholerae

Question 6

These two organisms are found in brackish or saltwater:

Answer 6

Vibrio vulnificus

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Question 7

All clinical cases of ______ are to be reported to state health depts which report annually to CDC:

Answer 7

Vibrio spp.

Question 8

What differentiates Vibrio vulnificus from cholerae symptomwise:

Answer 8

V. vulnificus pathogenesis extends beyond GI tract

*septicemia, septic shock, wound infections, amputations

Question 9

Why would Vibrio vulnificus cause a need for limb amputation:

Answer 9

Toxins released in infected limbs include lipases, proteases, and collagenases

Question 10

Treatment for Vibrio vulnificus is:

Answer 10

Doxy + ceftazidime

Question 11

This GNB, oxidase+, beta-hemolytic pathogen is found in fresh and chlorinated water, causes gastroenteritis in children, and can cause HUS w/ kidney failure:

Answer 11

Aeromonas hydrophila

Question 12

This pathogen produces violet colored colonies on SBAP, starts as cellulitis, and can lead to systemic infection with visceral abscess:

Answer 12

Chromobacterium violaceum

Question 13

Brucella requires this special media for growth:

Answer 13

Brucella agar (adds heated horse serum)

Question 14

Helicobacter requires these special medias:

Answer 14

CAP

Brucella

Question 15

This organism causes Tularemia and is recovered on media with cysteine such as buffered charcoal yeast extract:

Answer 15

Francisella tularensis

Question 16

This organism requires CAMPY-BAP:

Answer 16

Campylobactr

Question 17

Bartonella requires this special media:

Answer 17

fresh chocolate media

Question 18

Which two species are listed under Bartonella spp>:

Answer 18

B. quintana (Trench fever)

B. henselae (cat scratch fever)

Question 19

Causes Trench fever:

Answer 19

Bartonella quintana

Question 20

Causes Cat scratch fever:

Answer 20

Bartonella henselae

Question 21

How is Trench fever transmitted and what bacterium is responsible:

Answer 21

Transmitted via body lice

Bartonella quintana

Question 22

Will Bartonella spp. grow on SBAP or MAC?

Answer 22

No. Requires fresh chocolate agar

prolonged incubation with CO2)

Question 23

This bacterium is found in the oropharynx of rodents and causes rat bite fever:

Answer 23

Streptobacillus moniliformis

Question 24

How is Haverhill fever transmitted, and which bacteria is responsible:

Answer 24

Ingesting contaminated milk

Streptobacillus moniliformis

Question 25

Common cause of gastritis and peptic ulcers, id via urea breath test:

Answer 25

Helicobacter pylori

Question 26

What stain is used for gastric tissue biopsies suspected of H. pylori infection:

Answer 26

Warthin-Starry silver stain

Question 27

List 4 triggers for acute transient gastritis:

Answer 27

alcohol smoking NSAIDS chemo

Question 28

List 4 agents responsible for chronic gastritis:

Answer 28

H. pylori infection alcohol smoking radiation

Question 29

List the 3 consequences of H. pylori infection:

Answer 29

chronic gastritis peptic ulcer disease gastric carcinoma

Question 30

By age 50, this organism is found in 50% of asymptomatic adults in the U.S, obtained via fecal-oral route:

Answer 30

H. pylori

Question 31

What does H. pylori secrete to buffer itself and allow survival in HCl in stomach:

Answer 31

urease

Question 32

H. pylori causes an ______ in gastric acid secretion, which can lead to ulcers:

Answer 32

increase

Question 33

List the 3 most common sites of peptic ulcers:

Answer 33

First portion of duodenum Stomach GE junction

Question 34

List some complications of Peptic ulcer disease:

Answer 34

Hemorrhage (anemia) Scarring Perforation Malignant transformation

Question 35

How does H. pylori destroy the first line of defense in the stomach:

Answer 35

secretes proteases and phospholipases that break down glycoprotein-lipid complexes in mucous (mucous is necessary to protect normal gastric epithelium from HCL)

Question 36

This is defined as chronic shallow ulcerations of the mucosa in any portion of the GI exposed to HCl:

Answer 36

peptic ulcer disease

Question 37

This is the most common bacterial etiologic agent:

Answer 37

Campylobacter | Salmonella is 2nd

Question 38

T/F | Campylobacter is typically associated with gastrointestinal outbreaks:

Answer 38

False | norovirus is

Question 39

How is CAMPY-BAP selective for Campylobacter:

Answer 39

contains blood + various antibiotics to suppress growth of normal fecal flora

Question 40

Campy-CVA contains which antibiotics, and is good for recovery of these two organisms:

Answer 40

cefoperazone, vancomycin, amphotericin B | *good for Arcobacter spp. and Campylobacter

Question 41

Which media can be used to improve the aerotolerance of Campylobacter:

Answer 41

CCDA | charcoal cefoperazone desoxycholate agar

Question 42

Describe colony morphology of Campylobacter:

Answer 42

Gray to pink to yellow-gray colonies | Mucoid appearing

Question 43

Campylobacter prefers incubation in these conditions:

Answer 43

microaerobic

Question 44

Campylobacter incubation temps vary by species. C. jejuni/coli: C. doylei:

Answer 44

C. jejuni/coli: 42 C | C. doylei: 37 C

Question 45

What is the drug of choice for Campylobacter:

Answer 45

Erythromycin

Question 46

List the 3 major pathologies of Campylobacter spp:

Answer 46

Febrile systemic disease Periodontal disease Gastroenteritis (C. jejuni/coli)

Question 47

Campylobacter is transmitted via:

Answer 47

ingesting contaminated food or water

Question 48

Chrysobacterium meningosepticum is now named:

Answer 48

Elizabethkingia meningoseptica

Question 49

This bacterium is associated with neonatal meningitis, and is able to survive in hospital environments, esp moist- also survives in chlorine:

Answer 49

Elizabethkingia meningoseptica

Question 50

Bordatella bronchiseptica is normal flora of:

Answer 50

dogs and cats (NOT humans)

Question 51

Does the AACCK group grow fast or slow?

Answer 51

Slow. | 48 hours @ 35-37 C

Question 52

List the organisms in the HACEK group:

Answer 52

``` Aggregatibacter aprophilus Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Cardiobacterium hominis Eikenella corrodens Kingella spp. ```

Question 53

T/F | All organisms in the HACEK group are normal flora of oral cavity, upper respiratory and GU tracts:

Answer 53

True

Question 54

This organism from the HACEK group is associated with bacteremia/endocarditis, especially with recent dental work:

Answer 54

Cardiobacterium hominis | is normal mouth flora

Question 55

This organism from the HACEK group is associated with human bite wounds and closed fist wounds, pits agar and has bleach odor:

Answer 55

Eikenella corrodens

Question 56

List the two species of Kingella:

Answer 56

K. dentrificans | K. kingae

Question 57

This organism from the HACEK group is normal flora of mouth, throat, GU, and has an affinity for bone and heart tissue, poor oral hygiene is a risk:

Answer 57

Kingella

Question 58

MAC - Ox variable:

Answer 58

Haemophilus