Exam 3 (Misc Gram- Bacilli/Coccobacilli; Panther System) Flashcards
Stool specimens suspected of being Vibrio should be transported in this type of media:
Cary-Blair
What selective media is used for Vibrio:
TCBS (thiosulfate citrate bile salts)
- bile salts inhibit gram+
- high pH inhibits other intestinal flora
Which serotypes of Vibrio cholerae have been involved in epidemics/pandemics:
O1
O139
Vibrio cholerae is strongly linked to:
contaminated seafood (water exposed to feces)
Rice water stools are associated with:
Cholera
Vibrio cholerae
These two organisms are found in brackish or saltwater:
Vibrio vulnificus
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
All clinical cases of ______ are to be reported to state health depts which report annually to CDC:
Vibrio spp.
What differentiates Vibrio vulnificus from cholerae symptomwise:
V. vulnificus pathogenesis extends beyond GI tract
*septicemia, septic shock, wound infections, amputations
Why would Vibrio vulnificus cause a need for limb amputation:
Toxins released in infected limbs include lipases, proteases, and collagenases
Treatment for Vibrio vulnificus is:
Doxy + ceftazidime
This GNB, oxidase+, beta-hemolytic pathogen is found in fresh and chlorinated water, causes gastroenteritis in children, and can cause HUS w/ kidney failure:
Aeromonas hydrophila
This pathogen produces violet colored colonies on SBAP, starts as cellulitis, and can lead to systemic infection with visceral abscess:
Chromobacterium violaceum
Brucella requires this special media for growth:
Brucella agar (adds heated horse serum)
Helicobacter requires these special medias:
CAP
Brucella
This organism causes Tularemia and is recovered on media with cysteine such as buffered charcoal yeast extract:
Francisella tularensis
This organism requires CAMPY-BAP:
Campylobactr
Bartonella requires this special media:
fresh chocolate media
Which two species are listed under Bartonella spp>:
B. quintana (Trench fever)
B. henselae (cat scratch fever)
Causes Trench fever:
Bartonella quintana
Causes Cat scratch fever:
Bartonella henselae
How is Trench fever transmitted and what bacterium is responsible:
Transmitted via body lice
Bartonella quintana
Will Bartonella spp. grow on SBAP or MAC?
No. Requires fresh chocolate agar
prolonged incubation with CO2)
This bacterium is found in the oropharynx of rodents and causes rat bite fever:
Streptobacillus moniliformis
How is Haverhill fever transmitted, and which bacteria is responsible:
Ingesting contaminated milk
Streptobacillus moniliformis
Common cause of gastritis and peptic ulcers, id via urea breath test:
Helicobacter pylori
What stain is used for gastric tissue biopsies suspected of H. pylori infection:
Warthin-Starry silver stain
List 4 triggers for acute transient gastritis:
alcohol
smoking
NSAIDS
chemo
List 4 agents responsible for chronic gastritis:
H. pylori infection
alcohol
smoking
radiation
List the 3 consequences of H. pylori infection:
chronic gastritis
peptic ulcer disease
gastric carcinoma
By age 50, this organism is found in 50% of asymptomatic adults in the U.S, obtained via fecal-oral route:
H. pylori
What does H. pylori secrete to buffer itself and allow survival in HCl in stomach:
urease
H. pylori causes an ______ in gastric acid secretion, which can lead to ulcers:
increase
List the 3 most common sites of peptic ulcers:
First portion of duodenum
Stomach
GE junction
List some complications of Peptic ulcer disease:
Hemorrhage (anemia)
Scarring
Perforation
Malignant transformation
How does H. pylori destroy the first line of defense in the stomach:
secretes proteases and phospholipases that break down glycoprotein-lipid complexes in mucous
(mucous is necessary to protect normal gastric epithelium from HCL)
This is defined as chronic shallow ulcerations of the mucosa in any portion of the GI exposed to HCl:
peptic ulcer disease
This is the most common bacterial etiologic agent:
Campylobacter
Salmonella is 2nd
T/F
Campylobacter is typically associated with gastrointestinal outbreaks:
False
norovirus is
How is CAMPY-BAP selective for Campylobacter:
contains blood + various antibiotics to suppress growth of normal fecal flora
Campy-CVA contains which antibiotics, and is good for recovery of these two organisms:
cefoperazone, vancomycin, amphotericin B
*good for Arcobacter spp. and Campylobacter
Which media can be used to improve the aerotolerance of Campylobacter:
CCDA
charcoal cefoperazone desoxycholate agar
Describe colony morphology of Campylobacter:
Gray to pink to yellow-gray colonies
Mucoid appearing
Campylobacter prefers incubation in these conditions:
microaerobic
Campylobacter incubation temps vary by species.
C. jejuni/coli:
C. doylei:
C. jejuni/coli: 42 C
C. doylei: 37 C
What is the drug of choice for Campylobacter:
Erythromycin
List the 3 major pathologies of Campylobacter spp:
Febrile systemic disease
Periodontal disease
Gastroenteritis (C. jejuni/coli)
Campylobacter is transmitted via:
ingesting contaminated food or water
Chrysobacterium meningosepticum is now named:
Elizabethkingia meningoseptica
This bacterium is associated with neonatal meningitis, and is able to survive in hospital environments, esp moist- also survives in chlorine:
Elizabethkingia meningoseptica
Bordatella bronchiseptica is normal flora of:
dogs and cats (NOT humans)
Does the AACCK group grow fast or slow?
Slow.
48 hours @ 35-37 C
List the organisms in the HACEK group:
Aggregatibacter aprophilus Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Cardiobacterium hominis Eikenella corrodens Kingella spp.
T/F
All organisms in the HACEK group are normal flora of oral cavity, upper respiratory and GU tracts:
True
This organism from the HACEK group is associated with bacteremia/endocarditis, especially with recent dental work:
Cardiobacterium hominis
is normal mouth flora
This organism from the HACEK group is associated with human bite wounds and closed fist wounds, pits agar and has bleach odor:
Eikenella corrodens
List the two species of Kingella:
K. dentrificans
K. kingae
This organism from the HACEK group is normal flora of mouth, throat, GU, and has an affinity for bone and heart tissue, poor oral hygiene is a risk:
Kingella
MAC - Ox variable:
Haemophilus
