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Thanatochemistry > Exam 3 Material > Flashcards

Exam 3 Material Flashcards

0
Q

In ____ everything is based on carbon, the molecules are large, uses covalent bonding, the reactions occur relatively slowly, and are made up of at least 10 families of compounds

A

Organic Chemistry

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1
Q

In ____ the molecules are relatively small, the bonds are usually ionic, the reactions occur rapidly and are made up of at least 4 compounds

A

Inorganic Chemistry

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2
Q

Maintaing 4 valence electrons in its outermost shell, ____ therefore may form a maximum of 4 bonds

A

Carbon

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3
Q

____ has a strong tendency to combine with itself to form large molecules

A

Carbon

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4
Q

There are four primary elements which combine with carbon they are…

A
  1. ) Hydrogen
  2. ) Oxygen
  3. ) Nitrogen
  4. ) Other Carbon Atoms
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5
Q

Carbon may be bound by adjacent carbon atoms by 1,2, or 3 bonds. However there is a limit of ____. Carbon has a combing capacity of ____ but the maximum number of bonds between two adjacent carbon atoms is ____.

A

3

4

3

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6
Q

____ is a chemical formula used to represent a class or family of organic compounds consisting of at least 2 parts

A

General Formula

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7
Q

The ____ or ____ is a variable length chain of carbon atoms which atoms which has lost a Hydrogen

A

Radical or “R”

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8
Q

R1 is said as _____

A

R prime

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9
Q

R-OH

A

Alcohol

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10
Q

R-CHO

A

Aldehyde

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11
Q

R-COOH

A

Organic Acid

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12
Q

R-CO-R1

A

Ketone

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13
Q

R-COO_R1

A

Ester

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14
Q

R-O-R1

A

Ether

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15
Q

R-NH2

A

Amine

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16
Q

R-X

A

Alkyl Halide

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17
Q

_____ is a chemical formula that tells you the total atoms in making up a compound.

A

Molecular Formulas

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18
Q

____ a chemical formula that shows the spatial relation and how they are bonded

A

Structural Formulas

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19
Q

____ is written on a single line to conserve space

A

Line Formulas

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20
Q

The hydrocarbons are organic compounds containing only _____ and _____ as constituent elements.

A

Carbon

Hydrogen

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21
Q

Hydrocarbons are the ____ of the organic compounds which contain only two elements

A

Simplest

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22
Q

Those hydrocarbs on which carbons are joined together by single bonds are called ____

A

Saturated Hydrocarbons

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23
Q

The suffix -ane means it contains ____ bonds and those bonds are ____

A

Single

Saturated

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24
Q

1 =

A

Meth

“Methane”

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25
Q

2 =

A

Eth

“Ethane” or Natural Gas

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26
Q

3 =

A

Prop

“Propane”

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27
Q

4 =

A

But

“Butane”

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28
Q

5 =

A

Pent

“Pentane”

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29
Q

6 =

A

Hex

“Hexane”

30
Q

7 =

A

Hept

“Heptane”

31
Q

8 =

A

Oct

“Octane”

32
Q

9 =

A

Non

“Nonane”

33
Q

10 =

A

Dec

“Decane”

34
Q

There is a fixed ratio between carbon and hydrogen in ALKANES which is expressed in the type formula ____.

A

CnH2n+2

35
Q

The alkyl or R groups is derived from the ALKANES, whereas alkanes are expressed as ____; the ALKYL group has as its type formula ____.

A

CnH2n+2

CnH2n+1

36
Q

CH4 is ____

A

Methane or “Marsh (swamp) Gas”

37
Q

CH3 is ____

A

Methyl

38
Q

C2H6 is ____

A

Ethane or “natural gas”

39
Q

C2H5 is ____

A

Ethyl

40
Q

C3H8 is ___

A

Propane or BBQ gas

41
Q

C3H7 is ____

A

Propyl

42
Q

One will quickly determine, among organic formulas, that two or more substances may have the same molecular formula - but different structural formulas - this would be an example in which substances may be ____ of each other (refer page 111-114)

A

Isomers

43
Q

When multiple bonds are present in a carbon chain, the substance is referred to as an _____ hydrocarbon - it contains less hydrogen atoms than it could if only single bonds were present

Example: C4H6

A

Unsaturated

44
Q

____ are only used with hydrocarbons

A

Type Formulas

45
Q

____ is an alkane that has lost a hydrogen and can never exist by themselves in nature and have ODD numbers

A

Alkyl

46
Q

C5h12 is ____

A

Methyl Butane

47
Q

The simplest unsaturated hydrocarbons contain one double bond in the chain - and these are called the ____.

Example: C=C

A

Alkenes

48
Q

Another form of unsaturated hydrocarbs in which a triple bond exists between adjacent carbon atoms are referred to as the ____

A

Alkynes

49
Q

All organic compounds are classified as either ____ or ____. Straight chain carbon compounds are _____ (fatty) or _____.

A

Aliphatic

Aromatic

Aliphatic

Open Chain Compounds

50
Q

The parent compound of all aromatics was ____.

A

Benzene

51
Q

A single bond uses the suffix ___

-

A

Ane

52
Q

A double bond uses the suffix ___

–

A

Ene

53
Q

A triple bond uses the suffix ___.

A

Yne

54
Q

____ and ____does NOT exist in nature…

A

Methene and Methyne

55
Q

____ is the type formula for alkenes and only works for a single double bond

A

CnH2n

56
Q

C2H2 or -C — C- is known as ____ and it’s common name is.

A

Ethyne

Actylene

57
Q

CnH2n-2 is the type formula for ____

A

Alkynes

58
Q

Familiarity with the benzene ring is noted; and the derivatives of benzene:

Methyl benzene — also known as ____
Hydroxybenzene — also known as ____

A

Toluene

Phenol

59
Q

____ is the ability of an element to exist in more than one physical form

A

Allotropism

60
Q

____ is organic compounds that have the same molecular formulas, but different structural formulas

A

Isomerism

61
Q

____ is a variable length chain of carbon atoms which has lost a hydrogen

A

Radical

62
Q

_____ is a chemical that represents a specific class or family of a specific compounds

A

General Formula

63
Q

____ are saturated hydrocarbons with a single bond and it’s type formula is CNH2n+2 such as ____ “marsh (swamp) gas” , _____ “natural gas” and ____ “BBQ gas”.

A

Alkanes

Methane
Ethane
Propane

64
Q

____ is an alkane which has lost a hydrogen with a type formula CNH2N+1 such as _____, ______, and _____.

A

Alkyl

Methyl
Ethyl
Propyl

65
Q

____ are hydrocarbons which contain one or more halogen (salt formers) atoms such as ____, and _____ “carbon-tetrachloride”

A

Alkyl Halides

Trichloromethane
Tetrachloromethane

66
Q

_____ are hydrocarbons that has the presence of at least 1 multiple bond such as ____ “ethene” or ____

A

Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

Alkenes (CNH2n) Double Bonded
Alkynes ( Triple Bonded between carbon atoms in the longest chain

67
Q

____ is any closed chain organic compound such as ____ with 6 carbons in its makeup with 3 double bonds between the 6 carbons

A

Aromatic

Benzene

68
Q

_____organic compounds which contain one or more OH groups

A

Alcohols

69
Q

_____inhibit decomposition, destroy odor and eliminate their formation and inactivate enzymes. Components of embalming solutions that are used to inactive the active chemical groups of proteins and amino acids

A

Preservatives

70
Q

CnH2n+2

A

Alkanes

71
Q

CnHn2+1

A

Alkyls

72
Q

CnH2n

A

Alkenes

73
Q

CnH2n-2

A

Alkynes

Thanatochemistry (6 decks)

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