Exam #3: Leadership in Nursing & Nursing Organizations*** Flashcards
1
Q
Leadership
A
“the strategic use of power to move others towards a vision”
-leadership is essential to management, but you don’t have to be a manager
2
Q
Qualities of leaders
A
- based on influence: people believe in you
- an informal role
- an achieved position
3
Q
Qualities of managers
A
- based on authority
- a formally designated role
- an assigned position
4
Q
Great Man Theory
A
some are born to lead, some are born to be led
5
Q
Behavioral Theories
A
based on type of motivators and how much control followers have in decision making
–>ex. autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire
6
Q
Autocratic
A
- Behavioral Theory
- leader bears all responsibility (ex. code blue – one person giving orders)
7
Q
Democratic
A
- Behavioral Theory
- shares planning/responsibility, less efficient, increases motivation within group (ex. unit policy making)
8
Q
Laissez-Faire
A
- Behavioral Theory
- little planning/decision making, doesn’t really encourage others to participate, assumes everyone is highly motivated/educated, no clear leaders
9
Q
Transactional Theories
A
- people are motivated by rewards and punishments
- leader delegates task
- followers complete task based on reward system
10
Q
Transformational Theories
A
- creates a shared vision between leader and group
- proactive
- strong trust: leader and group have same purpose
- encourages participation/motivation within group
11
Q
Leadership Qualities
A
- Integrity – honest, law abding, follow ethical code
- Courage
- Initiative- act on good ideas
- Energy- work hard, have suffiencent effort
- Optimism- being positive
- Perseverance- not giving up easily
- Balance- work with personal life
- Ability to handle stress – cope healthy
- Self-awareness- understand themselves/motivations
12
Q
Leader Behaviors
A
- Think critically- question and analyze ideas before accepting/rejecting them
- Solve problems
- Respect people- recognize differences, find rewards meaningful to them
- Communicate skillfully- keep lines open, frequent feedback
- Set goals and a vision for the future- some common thread in group
- Develop oneself and others – guide in new nursing knowledge
13
Q
Change
A
“the process of making something different from what it was” (Sullivan and Decker)
- may be planned or accidental
- change occurs → loss of control → anxiety
- change agent: brings change
14
Q
Lewin’s Model of Change
A
model of change with three levels
- Unfreezing
- Moving
- Refreezing
15
Q
Unfreezing (Lewin’s Model of Change)
A
leader builds trust/recognition for need to change, motivate people for change, generate alt solutions, get group involved to be more accepting of change
16
Q
Moving (Lewin’s Model of Change)
A
encourage people to view change from new perspective, accept change
17
Q
Refreezing (Lewin’s Model of Change)
A
reinforcing new patterns of behavior, informal/formal mechanisms to institute change, evaluate effects of change
18
Q
Power
A
“the ability to influence the behavior of others to produce certain intended effects
• Necessary to leadership
• Active or latent
• Directly or indirectly
19
Q
Types of power
A
- reward
- coercive
- legitimate
- expert
- referent
- information
- connection
- collective
20
Q
Power: reward
A
inducements offered for cooperation or contributions (pay increase)
21
Q
Power: coercive
A
based on perception of penalties that might be opposed (paycut)
22
Q
Power: legitimate
A
stems from managers authority from a job position in an institutional hierarchy
23
Q
Power: expert
A
possession of unique skills, knowledge and competence
24
Q
Power: referent
A
admiration or respect for individual, charismatic personality
25
Power: information
access to valued data needed by others
26
Power: connection
individuals informal/formal link to prestigious people
27
Power: collective
power in numbers
28
How do we increase nursing power?
* Collaboration with physicians- providing highest quality of healthcare possible
* Life-long learning- formal/nonformal learning
* Joining professional nursing organizations- ANA (all nurses throughout US)
* Health-related political involvement- voting, writing emails to legislatures
* Mentoring- formal/informal, important in any profession
29
NSNA
National Student Nurse Association
30
What is the mission of NSNA?
- to mentor nursing students
- influence standards of nursing education
- influence healthcare through legislation
- participate in community activities
- promote interdisciplinary activities
31
Membership for NSNA
prenursing – associate
nursing – active
-dues vary
32
NSNA activities
- community (fundraising, health screenings)
- support health/nursing education issues
- interdisciplinary activities (work towards common goal with other types of students)
- scholarship funds
- imprint magazine
- liability insurance
33
ANA
```
American Nurse Association
• established in 1897
• overall spokesperson and agent for ALL nurses/nursing
• membership is voluntary
• less than 10% of nurses belong
```
34
When was ANA established?
1897
35
What is the mission of ANA?
nurses advancing our profession to improve health for all
36
What are the purposes of ANA?
- work for the improvement of health standards and availability of healthcare for all
- foster high standards
- stimulate/promote the professional development of nurses/advance their economic and general welfare
37
Membership to ANA
RNs + graduate nurses through state membership
| -dues vary by state/regions in state
38
Activities of ANA
- ANA’s Standards of Practice (ensure quality care for all)
- Code for nurses
- accredits CEU courses
- registered lobbyists (protect nursing practice, accept/reject laws)
- collective bargaining (protect general welfare of nurses)
- multiple publication
39
Publications of ANA
1. American Academy of Nursing: recognizes professional achievement in nursing individuals, shape nursing practice
2. American Nurses Credentialing Center: implements exams
3. American Nurses’ Foundation: promotes nursing research by giving out grants
4. ANA – PAC: educates nurses on legislation
40
Tri-Council for Nursing
Includes:
• American Nurse’s Association (ANA)
• National League for Nursing (NLN)
• American Association of Colleges in Nursing (AACN)
• American Organization of Nurse Executives (AONE)
--> Focus on issues that effect all nurses
41
NLN
National League for Nursing
| -established in 1893
42
When was the NLN established?
1893
43
Who is the focus in NLN?
practical nursing and graduate nursing
44
What is the mission of NLN?
promotes excellence in nursing education to build a strong and diverse nursing workforce
45
What are the themes of NLN?
1. Nursing education: educational standards, accreditation of nursing schools
2. Faculty development: helps develop updates/education programs
3. Nursing education research: provide funds
4 Data collection: on schools of nursing to provie to public
5. Assessment/evaluation: standardized exams to assess student learning in nursing school
46
What are the activities of NLN?
- accreditation
- publications
- Certified Nurse Educator exam- pass = meet national standards of being a quality nurse educator
- funds nursing education research
- data collection- from state boards of nursing
- testing services- on NLN exams
47
AACN (college)
American Association of Colleges of Nursing
48
What is the focus of the AACN?
baccalaureate/graduate nursing education, provides standards/resources, fosters advancement in nursing education, research, and practice
49
What are the three major documents of the AACN?
1. Essentials of Baccalaureate Education for Professional Nursing Practice
2. Essentials of Master’s Education for Advanced Practice Nursing
3. Essentials of Doctoral Education for Advanced Nursing Practice
50
What are the activities of the AACN?
1. Accreditation through the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE)
2. Publications
3. Journal of Professional Nursing
51
AACN (care)
American Association of Critical-Care Nurses
- worlds largest specialty organization
- focus on intensive care nurses
- certification exam to meet standards of ICU nurse (CCRN)
52
AORN
Association of Operating Room Nurses
- nurses in OR
- educational events, publications
53
AWHONN
Association of Women’s Health, Obstetric, and Neonatal Nurses
54
ENA
Emergency Nurses Association
- promote education through publications/journals/conferences for nurses in ER
- certification
55
IAFN
International Association of Forensic Nursing
| -investigate trauma of living and deceased
56
ONS
Oncology Nursing Society
| -promote standards, education, and research for oncology nurses
57
AHNA
American Holistic Nurses’ Association
| -nurses for holistic care, eastern practices
58
NBNA
National Black Nurses’ Association
- open to all nurses advocate for AAs
- publications/scholarships
59
NCSBN
National Council of State Boards of Nursing
- promote safe/effective practice
- develop NCLEX
60
What are the international nursing organizations?
1. International Council of Nurses (ICN)
| 2. Sigma Theta Tau International
61
ICN
International Council of Nurses
• established in 1900
• federation of national nurses’ associations, not individual members (associations join)
• 130 national nurses associations representing 13 million nurses worldwide (ANA from US)
• create International Code of Ethics- help identify nurses responsibilities/accountabilities
62
When was ICN established?
1900
63
What is the mission of ICN?
represent nursing worldwide, advancing the profession/influencing health policy
64
Sigma Theta Tau International
--> International honor society for nursing – largest/more prestigious nursing organizations in the world
• Membership by invitation
• Dedicated to improve health care through scholarship and practice excellence
• Promotes nursing research- funding research grants, conferences
• Journal of Nursing Scholarship
