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Nursing 2000 > Exam #2: Education Opportunities and the Health Care System > Flashcards

Exam #2: Education Opportunities and the Health Care System Flashcards

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1
Q

Diploma Programs

A
  • first type of nursing school in US
  • hopsital-based nursing program
  • 3 years or less
  • no degree
  • declining interest today –> most go for BSN
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2
Q

Associate Degree Programs

A
  • 2 year at junior/community college
  • developed in 1952 by Mildred Montag
  • initial scope was “bedside/technical” nurse
  • curriculum more integrated
  • popular b/c low cost, part time school, shorter duration
  • concerns: AD nurses placed in inappropriate roles, may need additional orientation
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3
Q

Who was Mildred Montag?

A

developed first associate degree program in 1952

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4
Q

Baccalaureate Degree Programs

A
  • broad scope of education
  • increased socialization with non-nursing students
  • ANA minimum prep for professional nursing practice
  • four year at college/university
  • RN to BSN: advanced placement (accelerated option)
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5
Q

Graduate Education: Masters

A

-pre 1960, majority of graduate degrees were form other disciplines
PURPOSE: prepare professional nursing leaders in advanced practice, teaching, and administration
-programs vary in admission requirements, curriculum, length
–> advanced practice: clinical nurse specialist, NP, nurse anesthetist, midwifery
*clinically based, research focused, thesis/cumulative project, dual degree, graduate teaching/research assistant option

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6
Q

Graduate Education: Doctoral

A
  • four to six years
    1. PhD: most prestigious, expected to expand theory/create new nursing knowledge
    2. DNP: clinical doctorate, focus on advanced practice nursing or leadership with translational research
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7
Q

Where was the first baccalaureate degree school at? When?

A

University of Minnesota in 1909

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8
Q

Accreditation of Nursing Programs

A
  • ensures quality
  • approval by State Board
  • -> NLNAC (National League for Nurse Accrediting Commission)
  • -> CCNE (Commission on Collegiate Nursing Commission)
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9
Q

Continuing Education

A

-ongoing learning required to effectively deliver quality healthcare
-26 states require CEUs
Sources:
-courses
-conferences/seminars
-journal articles
-inservices
-internet

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10
Q

Practical (Vocational) Nursing

A
  • LPN
  • 12-18 month program
  • direct pt care/little theory
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11
Q

Nursing Assistant

A

unlicensed assistive personnel

  • role: assist with ADLs
  • operate under supervising nurse’s license
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12
Q

Ambulatory Care

A
  • no overnight stay

- -> physician office, community heath center, urgent care, clinic, birthing center, hospice

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13
Q

Hospitals

A
  • numerous departments
  • largest number of personnel
  • licensed by state
  • diversified services
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14
Q

Federal Government (care)

A
  • VA
  • Dept of Justice
  • Health Resources and Services Administration
  • Indian Health Service
  • Medicare
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15
Q

State Government (care)

A
  • medicaid
  • mental health institutions
  • public health services
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16
Q

Local Government (care)

A

city/county health department

17
Q

Emergency Medical Services

A
  • contractual relationship with city/county
  • affiliation with hospital
  • provide pre-hospital emergent care
  • -> EMT, paramedics
18
Q

Home Health Care

A
  • basic to advanced services
  • may assist in obtaining/coordinating other health care services
  • private or hospital affiliation
19
Q

Long-Term Care

A

assisted living, nursing home

20
Q

Chiropractors

A
  • treat structural/neurological problems
  • 4 years of study
  • recognized as doctors of chiropractic
21
Q

Laboratory

A
  • analysis of blood, tissues, or fluids
    1. Medical Technologists: 4 year education, fork with microbiology section/blood bank
    2. Certified Lab Tech: 2 year education, routine work
    3. Phlebotomist: no education, draw blood
22
Q

Dentistry

A
  • treat oral disease/disorder
    1. Dentists: undergrad + 3-4 years of study
    2. Dental Hygienists: 2-4 years of education, see pts, take x-rays, clean teeth
    3. Denturists: 2 year education (make dentures/crowns/ridges)
    4. Dental Assistants
23
Q

Nutrition

A
  1. Dietitians: 4 year degree, select diets, counseling, management
  2. Dietetic Technician: 2 year degree, assist dietitian
24
Q

Health Services Management

A
  • Hospital Administrator
  • Financial Manager
  • Information systems
  • Materials Management
  • HR
  • ->work on strategic planning, ensuring safety/quality, masters degree
25
Q

Medical Records

A
  • ->prepare, collate, and organize pt records
  • provide info for reimbursement
    1. Registered Record Administrator: 4 year degree
    2. Record Technician: 2 year degree
    3. Health Information Management Specialist: oversees dept
26
Q

Medicine

A
  • ->prevent, diagnose, and treat disease/injury
    1. MD: doctor of medicine
    2. DO: doctor of osteopathy
  • 4 years after undergraduate (2 clinical years + 2 classwork), 3-5 years of residency, 2-3 years of fellowship to specialize
27
Q

Physical Assistants

A
  • -> assist physician in practice
  • education ranges from certificate to masters degree
  • residency available
  • under direct supervision of physician
28
Q

Medical Assistants

A
  • employed in physician offices
  • clinical tasks (vitals, etc)
  • insurance/billing
  • maintain pt records
  • 1 year certificate to 2 year degree
29
Q

EMT vs. paramedic

A

EMT: basic life support, first aid, transport (110 hour course)
Paramedic: advanced life support (allowed to intubate, etc) (600/1000 hour program to 2 year degree)

30
Q

Nursing Support

A
  1. Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (CNA)
  2. Surgical Tech
  3. Psychiatric-Mental Health Tech
  4. Unit Clerk
31
Q

Pharmacy

A
  • ->dispense pharmacologic agents and consult with physicians
    1. Pharmacist: 6-8 years of education, optional 1-2 year residency, 1-2 year fellowship
    2. Pharmacy Tech: assist in dispensing medications (on job training)
32
Q

Psychology

A
  • -> treating mental illness
    1. Psychiatrist: physician
    2. Psychologist: masters/doctoral education (may/may not have prescriptive privileges depending on state)
33
Q

Radiology

A
  1. Radiologists: physicians who interpret radiographic studies (x-rays/ultrasounds)
  2. Radiologic Tech: complete x-rays
  3. Radiation Therapy Technician: provide radiation therapy
  4. Nuclear Medicine Tech
34
Q

Rehabilitation Services

A
  • ->assist with physical/psychosocial problems
    1. OT: 6 year education, assist with ADLs
    2. PT: doctorate, restore function/prevent injury
    3. Prosthetists: create artificial limbs
    4. Orthotists: make braces
    5. Recreation Therapists: use music, gardening, etc for therapy
35
Q

Respiratory Therapy

A
  • ->administer oxygen/other gases, breathing treatments, maintain mechanical ventilators
    1. Respiratory Therapists: four year degree
36
Q

Social Work

A
  • ->assists in resolving social issues using community/governmental resources
  • masters degree most common
37
Q

Speech

A
  1. Speech-Language Pathologist: treat speech/language disorders
  2. Audiologist: treat hearing disorders
    - -> both master’s degrees
38
Q

Vision

A
  1. Ophthalmologist: physician who treats eye diseases, prescribes corrective lens, does eye surgery
  2. Optometrist: 7 year education, treat eye disorders with corrective lens/exercises
  3. Optician: makes corrective lens, 2 year degree, on job training
39
Q

Child Life Specialist

A
  • ->supervise therapeutic/diversional play in way child can understand
  • prepare children for medical tests/procedures
  • support families
  • 4 year degree (master’s available)

Nursing 2000 (12 decks)

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