Exam #3 Drug Names Flashcards

Question

**"-cycline"** tetra**cycline** doxy**cycline** mino**cycline**

Answer 1

**Tetracycline Antibiotics** *(Bacteriostatic)* 🚫 Caution with children under 8 🚫 with digoxin Can damage teeth and bones Administer on an empty stomach

Answer 2

**Lincosamide Antibiotics** Used for serious infections

Answer 3

**Lipoglycopeptide Antibiotics** *All **IV** except for vancomycin which is both Oral and IV* Oral vancomycin used to treat C. diff. * When infusion is given **rapidly** or for the **1st infusion**: can cause Red Man Syndrome: very sudden hypotension, flushing, pruritis, red rash on face * **V**ancomycin: **V**ERY irritating to the **V**EIN * Risk of nephrotoxicity, prolonged QT interval, and foamy urine

Answer 4

**Macrolide Antibiotics** *Fidaxomycin treats C. diff.*

Answer 5

**Oxazolidinone Antibiotics** Can cause HTN

Answer 6

**Monobactam Antibiotic** IV/IM only

Answer 7

**Antimycobacterial/ Antituberculosis Drugs** Never use a single drug - always a combination of two REDfampin = can cause bodily fluids to turn RED *(urine, sweat, tears, saliva)* Rifampin and Isoniazid = can cause liver toxicity *(closely monitor if used together)* Ethambutol = can cause eye/vision issues

Answer 8

**Antivirals used for Influenza A and other Respiratory Viruses** 🚫 with Renal impairment 🚫 in pregnancy/lactation Peramivir can cause Stevens Johnson syndrome

Answer 9

**Antivirals used for Herpes and Cytomegalovirus** 🚫 with pregnancy/lactation, renal disease, and severe CNS disorders 🚫 with Zidovudine or other nephrotoxic drugs

Answer 10

**NONnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors** *Treat HIV* 🚫 with pregnancy/lactation

Answer 11

**Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors** *Treat HIV* 🚫 with lactation Stop immediately with any flu-like symptoms

Answer 12

**Protease Inhibitors** *Treat HIV* 🚫 with lactation and hepatic dysfunction 🚫 other hepatotoxic drugs Can cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome and elevated cholesterol **Preferred drug in pregnancy**

Answer 13

**Fusion Inhibitors** *Treat HIV* 🚫 with lactation and liver disease Black Box warning: Severe liver toxicity

Answer 14

**Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors** *Treat HIV* 🚫 Caution with rhabdomyolysis, myopathy, pregnancy Can cause suicidal ideation

Answer 15

**Anti-hepatitis B Agents** *Treats symptoms of Hepatitis B (cannot be cured)* 🚫 with lactation 🚫 Other nephrotoxic drugs

Answer 16

**Anti-Hepatitis C agents** *Treat Hepatitis C (can be cured)* 🚫 with pregnancy/lactation 🚫 with protease inhibitors and St. John's Wort 🚫 Caution with liver disease

Answer 17

**Locally Active Antiviral Agents** *Treat specific local viral infections*

Answer 18

**Anti-malarials** *Treat malaria* 🚫 with pregnancy/lactation 🚫 caution with liver disease, alcoholism, retinal disease, psoriasis, or porphyria 🚫 with Anti-folate drugs Can cause ototoxicity and blindness

Answer 19

***Other* Antiprotozoal Agent** *Prevents and treats Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP)* 🚫 with alcohol, anticoagulants, disulfram 🚫 caution with pregnancy/lactation, hepatic disease, and CNS disease

Answer 20

***Other* Antiprotozoal Agent** *Treats amebiasis, trichomoniasis, and giardiasis* 🚫 with alcohol, anticoagulants, disulfram 🚫 caution with pregnancy/lactation, hepatic disease, and CNS disease

Answer 21

***Other* Antiprotozoal Agent** *Treats PCP, trypanosomiasis, and leishmaniasis* 🚫 with alcohol, anticoagulants, disulfram 🚫 caution with pregnancy/lactation, hepatic disease, and CNS disease

Answer 22

***Other* Antiprotozoal Agent** *Treats trichomoniasis, giardiasis, amebiasis* 🚫 with alcohol, anticoagulants, disulfram 🚫 caution with pregnancy/lactation, hepatic disease, and CNS disease

Answer 23

***Other* Antiprotozoal Agent** *Treats pediatric patients with Chagas* 🚫 with anticoagulants, disulfram 🚫 caution with hepatic disease, and CNS disease

Answer 24

***Other* Antiprotozoal Agent** *Treats toxoplasmosis* 🚫 with alcohol, anticoagulants, disulfram 🚫 caution with pregnancy/lactation, hepatic disease, and CNS disease

Answer 25

**Thyroid Hormones** *Treat hypothyroidism, myxedema coma, suppress pituitary TSH in euthyroid goiters, manage thryoid cancer, treat thyrotoxicosis in conjunction with other therapy* 🚫 with acute MI 🚫 caution with hypoadrenal conditions 🚫 with oral anticoagulants, digoxin, or theophylline **NO adverse effects with correct dose**

Answer 26

**Anti-thyroid Agents: Thiomides** *Treat hyperthyroidism* Methimazole can cause bone marrow suppression PTU can cause severe liver toxicity 🚫 with anticoagulants, theophylline, beta-blockers, and digoxin

Answer 27

**Antithyroid Agents: Iodine Solutions** *Treat hyperthyroidism, radiation emergencies, suppression of thyroid gland before surgery, acute thyrotoxicosis* 🚫 with anticoagulants, theophylline, beta-blockers, or digoxin

Answer 28

**Antihypocalcemic Agents** *Treat hypocalcemia and hyperparathyroidism; teriparatide treats osteoporosis* 🚫 with Magnesium containing antacids or digoxin

Answer 29

**Antihypercalcemic Agents: Biphosphonates** *Treat osteoporosis, hypercalcemia, Paget's disease* 🚫 caution with renal dysfunction and GI disease 🚫 with hypocalcemia Can cause esophageal erosion Can cause bone pain 🚫 with aspirin

Answer 30

**Antihypercalcemic Agents: Calcitonins** *Treat osteoporosis, Paget's disease, emergency treatment of hypercalcemia* 🚫 with allergy to fish 🚫 caution with pregnancy, renal dysfunction, and pernicious anemia Can cause flushing of the face and hands

Answer 31

**Dopaminergic Agents** *Treat signs and symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson's disease* 🚫 with glaucoma, lactation 🚫 caution with several things including CV disease and asthma 🚫 with MAOIs or Vit. B6 🚫 Carbidopa-Levodopa with Iron salts 🚫 Rasagiline with tyramine containing foods, meperidine, St. John's wort, and acetaminophen Can cause orthostatic hypotension

Answer 32

**Anticholinergics used to treat Parkinsonism** *Also relieves extrapyramidal disorders associated with some drugs 🚫 with any condition that would be exacerbated by blocking the PNS 🚫 caution with pregnancy, lactation, tachycardia, hypertension 🚫 with other anticholinergic drugs or antipsychotics

Answer 33

**Adjunctive Agents for treatment of parkinsonism** Tolcapone: can cause fatal liver damage Use barrier contraceptives with Entacapone and Tolcapone

Answer 34

**Benzodiazepenes** *Treat anxiety disorders, alcohol withdrawal, panic disorders, restless leg syndrome, seizure disorders, insomnia* 🚫 with pyschosis, glaucoma, shock, coma, acute alcohol intoxication, pregnancy/lactation 🚫 caution in older adults, renal and hepatic dysfunction **Black Box warning:** use with opioids can result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death 🚫 with other CNS depressants, cimetidine, oral contraceptives, disulfiram, theophylline

Answer 35

**Barbituates** *Treat s/s of anxiety, induce sedation, treat insomnia, used in preanesthesia, treat seizures* Very sedating 🚫 with alcohol, antihistamines, other tranquilizers, phenytoin, MAOIs Decreases effectiveness of anticoagulants, digoxin, TCAs, corticosteroids, and oral contraceptives

Answer 36

**Antihistamines used as anxiolytic/hypnotic** *Used pre and postoperatively to decrease need for opioids*

Answer 37

**Other Anxiolytic** *Treats s/s of anxiety without sedating effect* Takes 1-4 weeks to start working

Answer 38

**Other Anxiolytic and Hypnotic Drug** *Treats insomnia Can cause sleep driving Take before bed - allow 8 hours of sleeptime

Answer 39

**Other Anxiolytic and Hynotic Drugs** *Treats insomnia characterized with difficulty with sleep onset*

Answer 40

**Other Anxiolytic and Hypnotic Drugs** *Treats insomnia*

Answer 41

**Other Anxiolytic and Hypnotic Drugs** *Short term treatment of insomnia* Very sedating. Can cause sleep driving

Answer 42

**Centrally Acting Skeletal Muscle Relaxants** *Treat acute painful musculoskeletal conditions* 🚫 with Rheumatic disorders 🚫 caution with epilepsy, CV disease, marked muscle weakness, hepatic or renal impairment, pregnancy/lactation 🚫 with other CNS depressants

Answer 43

**Direct Acting Skeletal Muscle Relaxants** *Treat spasticity directly affecting peripheral muscle contraction* OnabotulinumtoxinA = used for wrinkles 🚫 with WOMEN/estrogen 🚫 with pregnancy/lactation 🚫 with hepatic disease 🚫 with neuromuscular junction blockers

Answer 44

**CNS Stimulants** *Treat ADHD and Narcolepsy* 🚫 with MAOIs or TCAs 🚫 with some OTC cold medications 🚫 with caffeine 🚫 with glaucoma, cardiac disease, or marked anxiety 🚫 caution with history of seizures, Hx of drug dependence, hypertension, or pregnancy/lactation

Answer 45

**Intermediate Acting Insulin**

Answer 46

**Fast Acting Insulin**

Answer 47

**Long Acting Insulin**

Answer 48

**Sulfonylureas** *(Treats Type 2 DM)* 🚫 with Type 1 DM 🚫 with DKA 🚫 in pregnancy or lactation 🚫 with Beta Blockers, alcohol, or herbal remedies

Answer 49

**Buguanides** *(Treats Type 2 DM: 1st line treatment)* 🚫 with severe renal impairment 🚫 with metabolic acidosis BLACK BOX WARNING: Lactic acidosis Can cause URI, Taste disturbances, GI effects, HA, dizziness

Answer 50

**DPP-4 Inhibitor** *(Treats Type 2 DM)* 🚫 with Type 1 DM or DKA Adverse effects are rare

Answer 51

**Meglitinides** *(Treat Type 2 DM)* 🚫 with Type 1 DM or DKA Can cause URIs, Joint Pain, GI effects, HA

Answer 52

**SGLT-2 Inhibitor** *(Treats Type 2 DM)* 🚫 in 2nd or 3rd trimester of pregnancy 🚫 in Type 1 DM or DKA 🚫 with Severe Renal Impairment 🚫 with Rifampin Can cause UTIs and genital fungal infections due to sugar rich urine

Answer 53

**Thiazolidinediones** *(Treats Type 2 DM)* 🚫 with moderate or severe heart failure Can cause increase in total cholesterol, fluid retention, and Upper Respiratory Infections

Answer 54

**GLP-1 agonists** *(Treat Type 2 DM and reduces risk of CV events associated with DM2)* 🚫 in pregnancy or lactation 🚫 with Type 1 DM or DKA Can cause pancreatitis

Answer 55

**Glucose Elevating Agent** *(Treats Hypoglycemia)* 🚫 with pregnancy 🚫 with anticoagulants Can cause alteration in BP