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Histology > Exam 3 (Chs. 9-12) > Flashcards

Exam 3 (Chs. 9-12) Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following represent short dentinal tubules located near the dentinoenamel junction within mature enamel?

a. Enamel tufts
b. Enamel lamellae
c. Enamel spindles
d. Enamel rods

A

c. Enamel spindles

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2
Q

Where are the taste buds located within the circumvallate lingual papillae on the dorsal surface of the tongue?

a. None are present within the epithelium.
b. Hundreds are surrounding the entire base.
c. The are on the lateral parts of structure.
d. A variable number can be found in the most superficial part.

A

b.Hundreds are surrounding the entire base.

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3
Q

Which of the following are noted as small, dark brushes with their bases near the dentinoenamel junction within mature enamel?

a. Enamel tufts
b. Enamel lamellae
c. Enamel spindles
d. Enamel rods

A

a.Enamel tufts

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4
Q

The mucogingival junction is absent from which of the following oral surfaces?

a. Buccal surface of the maxillary arch
b. Palatal surface of the maxillary arch
c. Facial surface of the mandibular arch
d. Lingual surface of the mandibular arch

A

b.Palatal surface of the maxillary arch

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5
Q

Which of the following will extend through the gingival epithelial cell membrane, recognizing the presence of the bacterial endotoxins so as to mobilize the inflammatory response?

a. Tonofilaments
b. Toll-like receptors
c. Lysosomes
d. Chromatin

A

b.Toll-like receptors

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6
Q

Where is the tonsillar tissue located in the oral cavity?

a. Epithelium
b. Lamina propria
c. Basement membrane
d. Submucosa

A

b. Lamina propria
* Tonsillar tissue - Nonencapsulated masses of lymphoid tissue.*

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7
Q

In what part of the erupted tooth is mature enamel noted?

a. Anatomical crown
b. Anatomical root
c. Both anatomical crown and clinical crown
d. Both anatomical root and clinical root

A

c.Both anatomical crown and clinical crown

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8
Q

Both the attached gingiva and buccal mucosa are mainly pinkish in color and

not reddish due to the:

a. vascularity of the lamina propria.
b. closeness to bone tissue.
c. decreased number of melanocytes.
d. increased thickness of the epithelial layers.

A

d.increased thickness of the epithelial layers

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9
Q

What stops the gently used periodontal probe when reading the depth of a

healthy gingival sulcus?

a. Col
b. Sulcular epithelium
c. Epithelial attachment
d. Attached gingiva

A

c. Epithelial attachment

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10
Q

Enamel can be lost by _____ , which is caused by increasing the tensile and compressive forces during tooth flexure, which possibly occurs during parafunctional habits with their occlusal loading.

a. abrasion
b. erosion
c. abfraction
d. attrition

A

c. abfraction

Hard tooth tissue loss from tensile and
compressive forces during tooth flexure.

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11
Q

From what structure does the lymph flow out of the lymph node?

a. Afferent vessel
b. Hilus
c. Efferent vessel
d. Lymphatic nodule

A

c.Efferent vessel = out

Afferent = in

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12
Q

Which of the following is not a prominent histologic characteristic of pocket epithelium?

a. Ulceration
b. Gingival hyperplasia
c. Smooth interface
d. Wrinkled papillary relief

A

c.Smooth interface

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13
Q

Which of the following statements concerning granulation tissue formation during the repair process in the oral mucosa is correct?

a. Has more fibers in the lamina propria
b. Has a decreased number of blood vessels
c. Appears as a hard, dark red dried scab
d. Is later replaced by firmer and paler scar tissue

A

d.Is later replaced by firmer and paler scar tissue

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14
Q

Which of the following statements concerning gingival crevicular fluid within a healthy gingival sulcus is correct?

a. Flow rate is fast
b. Contains white blood cells
c. Contains watery salivary components
d. Contains secretory IgA

A

b. Contains white blood cells

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15
Q

The sulcular epithelium that creates the gingival sulcus is of _____ type(s) of epithelium, with its cells tightly packed.

a. an orthokeratinized
b. a nonkeratinized
c. a parakeratinized
d. both nonkeratinized or parakeratinized

A

b.a nonkeratinized

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16
Q

Which of the following is not a usual way for erosion of enamel to occur?

a. Bulimia
b. Gastric reflux
c. Drinking carbonated drinks
d. Acid production by cariogenic bacteria

A

d. Acid production by cariogenic bacteria

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17
Q

Which of the following is an overgrowth of mainly the interproximal gingiva from the result of drugs (Phenytoin Sodium), certain antibiotics, & specific heart medications?

A. Hypertrophy
B. Gingival Recession
C. Gingival Hyperplasia
D. Periodontitis

A

Gingival Hyperplasia

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18
Q

The crystals in the enamel rod groups bend sinusoidally to the right or left at a slightly different angle than do adjacent groups, which is shown in the:

a. Tomes granular layer.
b. Hunter-Schreger bands.
c. lines of Retzius.
d. imbrication lines of von Ebner.

A

b.Hunter-Schreger bands.

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19
Q

Dentin forming cells?

(A) Ameloblasts
(B) Odontoblasts
(C) Outer cells (dental papilla)
(E) Preameloblast

A

Odontoblasts

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20
Q

What structure is responsible for root development?

(A) Cervical Loop
(B) Hertwig Epithelial Root Sheath
(C) Cementocytes
(D) Cementogenesis

A

Cervical Loop; most cervical part of enamel organ

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21
Q

What is one difference in the repair process of the oral mucosa as compared to that of the skin?

a. Dry scab is present.
b. Clot stays moist over time.
c. Inflammatory response is triggered.
d. Fibroblasts migrate to produce immature connective tissue.

A

b.Clot stays moist over time.

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22
Q

The reduction in the amount of glandular secretion noted in patients with xerostomia is called:

a. dysplasia.
b. hyposalivation.
c. cystic transformation.
d. ossification.

A

b.hyposalivation.

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23
Q

Which of the following occurs with the deposition of minerals into mature enamel?

a. Demineralization
b. Erosion
c. Remineralization
d. Abfraction

A

c. Remineralization

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24
Q

Which of the following areas of the oral cavity is categorized as a lining mucosa?

a. Attached gingiva
b. Hard palate
c. Ventral tongue surface
d. Dorsal tongue surface

A

Ventral tongue surface

lining mucosa = buccal mucosa, labial mucosa, alveolar
mucosa, as well as the oral mucosa lining theventral surface of the
tongue, floor of the mouth, and soft palate.
Microscopically lining mucosa associated with nonkeratinized
stratified squamous epithelium

Attached gingiva, hard palate, and dorsal tongue surface = masticatory

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25
Q

After the ameloblasts are finished with both enamel appositional growth and maturation, they become part of the:

a. odontoclast population.
b. Hertwig epithelial root sheath.
c. reduced enamel epithelium.
d. cervical loop.

A

c.reduced enamel epithelium.

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26
Q

Which of the following marks the periodontopathogens for destruction by white blood cells?

a. Basal striations
b. Cross-reactive protein
c. Myoepithelial cell
d. Thyroxine

A

b.Cross-reactive protein

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27
Q

Which of the following is an enamel loss that results from friction caused by excessive toothbrushing and abrasive toothpaste?

a. Abrasion
b. Erosion
c. Abfraction
d. Attrition

A

a. Abrasion

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28
Q

Enamel matrix is a(n) _____ product because ameloblasts are derived from the inner enamel epithelium of the enamel organ.

a. ectodermal
b. endodermal
c. mesodermal
d. neural crest cell

A

a.ectodermal = outer

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29
Q

Enamel matrix is produced by the _____ cells.

a. ameloblasts
b. odontoblasts
c. odontoclasts
d. cementoblasts

A

a.Ameloblasts

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30
Q

Which of the following is a projection of the basal or secretory end of each ameloblast that faces the dentinoenamel junction?

a. Enamel spindle
b. Tomes process
c. Tomes granular layer
d. Hunter-Schreger bands

A

b. Tomes process

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31
Q

Which of the following layers make up the bulk of nonkeratinized epithelium in the oral cavity?

a. Basal layer
b. Intermediate layer
c. Superficial layer
d. Prickle layer

A

b. Intermediate layer

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32
Q

Lymph from a particular tissue region drains directly into the:

a. primary nodes.
b. secondary nodes.
c. central nodes.
d. lymphatic nodules.

A

a.primary nodes.

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33
Q

In salivary glands, which of the following structures is composed of secretory epithelial cells?

a. Acinus
b. Capsule
c. Lobule
d. Excretory duct

A

a.Acinus

Acinus - group(s) of secretory cells of the salivary gland.

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34
Q

Of the various epithelia that make up the gingiva, which one does not normally keratinize?

a. Sulcular epithelium
b. Junctional epithelium
c. Both sulcular and junctional epithelia
d. Neither sulcular or junctional epithelia

A

c.Both sulcular and junctional epithelia

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35
Q

Which embryonic structure is specifically responsible for the

development of the root?

a. Stellate reticulum
b. Enamel organ
c. Stratum intermedium
d. Cervical loop

A

d. Cervical loop

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36
Q

The epithelial attachment refers to the internal basal lamina and the:

a. apical layer of junctional epithelium.
b. interface of junctional epithelium with the tooth.
c. hemidesmosomes of the suprabasal cells.
d. desmosomes of the prickle cell layer.

A

c.hemidesmosomes of the suprabasal cells.

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37
Q

Which of the following cell types are not renewable during the lifetime of the tooth?

a. Ameloblasts
b. Odontoblasts
c. Odontoclasts
d. Cementoblasts

A

a. Ameloblasts

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38
Q

Which of the following is considered part of the dentogingival junctional tissue within a healthy oral cavity?

a. Periodontal epithelium
b. Junctional epithelium
c. Sulcular epithelium
d. Both junctional and sulcular epithelia

A

d.Both junctional and sulcular epithelia

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39
Q

Which of the following salivary glands is unencapsulated?

a. Submandibular gland
b. Parotid gland
c. Sublingual gland
d. Both parotid and sublingual glands

A

c.Sublingual gland

ONLY UNENCAPSULATED GLAND

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40
Q

Which of the following can never be palpated during an

extraoral examination of a patient?

a. Thyroid gland
b. Lymph nodes
c. Parathyroid glands
d. Parotid gland

A

c. Parathyroid glands

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41
Q

Which is the second largest, encapsulated gland that

provides 65% of the total saliva?

A. parotid

B. sublingual

C. Bartholin’s duct

D. submandibular

A

D. submandibular

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42
Q

The function of the ______ is the taste sensation.

a. circumvallate
b. folate
c. fungiform
d. filiform

A

circumvallate = taste buds

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43
Q

Which of the following paranasal sinuses may be compromised with a periapical infection in a permanent maxillary molar?

a. Maxillary sinus
b. Frontal sinus
c. Sphenoidal sinus
d. Ethmoidal sinuses

A

a.Maxillary sinus

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44
Q

The outer cells of the dental papilla are induced to differentiate during

tooth development into:

a. pulp tissue.
b. preameloblasts.
c. odontoblasts.
d. cementoblasts.

A

c. odontoblasts.

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45
Q

Which of the following can occur with an excessive amount of systemic fluoride during tooth development?

a. Enamel caries
b. Enamel dysplasia
c. Enamel erosion
d. Enamel abfraction

A

b.Enamel dysplasia

or

dental fluorosis

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46
Q

Which of the following permanent teeth usually show the most attrition

of enamel over time?

a. First molars
b. Second molars
c. Third molars
d. All equally show attrition

A

a. First molars

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47
Q

In what direction is the migratory route of the cells as turnover takes place in the junctional epithelium?

a. Coronal direction
b. Apical direction
c. Parallel to the apical crest of bone
d. Perpendicular to the tooth surface

A

a.Coronal direction

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48
Q

What is a carious lesion invaded through enamel either by

pits and grooves or through smooth surface

A

Enamel Caries

enamel caries = is a process through which a cavity is created by demineralization or loss of minerals. This demineralization is

due to acid production by cariogenic bacteria and occurs to

enamel** when the **pH is less than 5.5

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49
Q

Where is the lingual tonsil located in the oral cavity?

a. Dorsal tongue surface
b. Lateral tongue surface
c. Walls of the nasopharynx
d. Between the faucial pillars

A

a. Dorsal tongue surface

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50
Q

The salivary glands are endocrine glands

True or False

A

False

51
Q

When the pharyngeal tonsils become enlarged as is common in children, they are considered the:

a. lymphatic nodules.
b. follicles.
c. germinal centers.
d. adenoids.

A

d.adenoids.

52
Q

The attached gingiva of the oral cavity consists of which type of oral mucosa?

a. Alveolar mucosa
b. Masticatory mucosa
c. Specialized mucosa
d. Lining mucosa

A

b. Masticatory mucosa

masticatory mucosa is a type of oral mucosa
noted for its rubbery surface texture and resiliency. Masticatory mucosa
includes that of the hard palate, attached gingiva, and dorsal surface
of the tongue. Mucosa associated withkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

53
Q

Which is the largest, encapsulated gland that provides 25% of the total saliva?

A. parotid

B. sublingual

C. Bartholin’s duct

D. submandibular

A

A. parotid

54
Q

Which of the following ducts are located in the septum of the salivary gland?

a. Intercalated
b. Striated
c. Excretory
d. Both the intercalated and striated ducts

A

c. Excretory
* The final part of the salivary gland ductal system is the*

  • excretory duct or secretory duct, which is located in the
  • septum of the gland.**
55
Q

The palatine tonsils are two rounded masses of

variable size located between the:

a. lymph nodes.
b. parathyroid glands.
c. faucial pillars.
d. base and body of the tongue.

A

c. faucial pillars.

56
Q

Which of the following is not a surface that the junctional epithelium can ever connect to by way of the epithelial attachment?

a. Enamel
b. Cementum
c. Dentin
d. Alveolar process

A

d. Alveolar process

57
Q

Enamel rods interdigitate at each cusp tip to form a complex known as:

a. interrod enamel.
b. gnarled enamel.
c. perikymata.
d. imbrication lines.

A

b.gnarled enamel.

This reduces the occlusal stress on enamel considerably,
especially at the pronounced cusp tips of posterior teeth.
If enamel was not stacked as a spiraling lattice of rod direction in
these high-use areas, it would shatter with occlusal stress. The rods
also interlock in other areas of the crown, and this contributes to the
stiffness and hardness of enamel.

58
Q

Healthy attached gingiva is pink in color, and some areas have:

a. hyperkeratinization.
b. melanin pigmentation.
c. loss of stippling.
d. varying amounts of mobility.

A

b. melanin pigmentation.

59
Q

Which of the following salivary ducts have narrow cytoplasmic partitions separated by highly infolded and

interdigitated (interlocked) cell membranes?

a. Intercalated
b. Striated
c. Excretory
d. Both the intercalated and striated ducts

A

b.Striated

60
Q

Which of the following occurs with the true apical migration of the epithelial attachment from advanced periodontal disease?

a. Shallower gingival sulcus
b. Formation of a periodontal pocket
c. Association with junctional epithelium lining
d. Tightly covered tooth roots

A

b.Formation of a periodontal pocket

61
Q

______; the function of this membrane is to shape the root.

(A) Cervical Loop
(B) Hertwig Epithelial Root Sheath
(C) Cementocytes
(D) Cementogenesis

A

Hertwig Epithelial Root Sheath (HERS)

62
Q

When viewing the oral mucosa of the floor of the mouth through a microscope, which of the following can be noted?

a. Thick epithelial layers
b. Narrow connective tissue papillae
c. Extensive vascular supply
d. Keratinized epithelium

A

c.Extensive vascular supply

epithelium** in the **floor of the mouth** is **nonkeratinized

63
Q

The most permeable section of the gingiva is considered which of the following?

a. Sulcular epithelium
b. Junctional epithelium
c. Both sulcular and junctional epithelia
d. Neither sulcular nor junctional epithelia

A

b.Junctional epithelium

64
Q

Which of the following is not associated with the incremental nature of enamel?

a. Tomes granular layer
b. Lines of Retzius
c. Perikymata
d. Imbrication lines

A

a.Tomes granular layer

65
Q

Name the 3 major salivary glands

A
  1. Stensen’s duct (Parotid)
  2. Bartholin’s duct (Sublingual)
  3. Wharton’s duct (Submandibular)
66
Q

Which of the following changes can occur in the oral mucosa as it ages?

a. Increase in rete ridges in epithelium
b. Increase in lingual papillae on the dorsal tongue surface
c. Decrease in taste buds with the lingual papillae
d. Decrease in lingual veins on the ventral surface of the tongue

A

c. Decrease in taste buds with the lingual papillae

67
Q

Which of the following layers of nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium produces the basal lamina of the basement membrane within the oral mucosa?

a. Basal layer
b. Intermediate layer
c. Superficial layer
d. Prickle layer

A

a. Basal layer

68
Q

Which of the following statements concerning salivary glands is false?

a. Saliva supplies the minerals for subgingival calculus formation.
b. Mucoserous acini have both a group of mucous cells surrounding the lumen and a serous demilune.
c. Saliva supplies the minerals for supragingival calculus formation.
d. More than one myoepithelial cell can be found on a single acinus.

A

a. Saliva supplies the minerals for subgingival calculus formation.

69
Q

The interdental gingiva assumes a nonvisible concave form between the facial and lingual gingival surfaces called the:

a. col.
b. papilla.
c. free gingival crest.
d. gingival apex of the contour.

A

a.Col.

70
Q

Which of the following gingival tissue lines the floor of the gingival sulcus in a healthy situation?

a. Sulcular epithelium
b. Junctional epithelium
c. Attached gingiva
d. Marginal gingiva

A

b.Junctional epithelium

71
Q

The turnover time for the oral mucosa is slower than that of the skin.

The turnover time of the junctional epithelium (attached to the tooth) is the least amount of time in the oral mucosa (4-6 days).

A. Both statements are true.

B. Both statements are false

C. The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

D. The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

A

The first statement is false;

the second statement is true.

72
Q

Which of the following lingual papillae are involved in the

lesion of black hairy tongue?

a. Circumvallate
b. Foliate
c. Fungiform
d. Filiform

A

d.Filiform

73
Q

Which of the following is not a paranasal sinus?

a. frontal
b. sphenoidal
c. ethmoidal
d. germinal

A

germinal

74
Q

Which of the following regions in the oral cavity has the lowest turnover times?

a. Hard palate
b. Floor of the mouth
c. Buccal and labial mucosa
d. Attached gingiva

A

a.Hard palate

lowest turnover time = hard palate at 24 days

75
Q

Enamel _____form the crystalline structural unit of enamel.

a. tubules
b. cuticles
c. granules
d. rods

A

d. rods
* Each enamel rod becomes hexagonal in cross section*
* with the enamel crystals in the rod being generally*

oriented parallel** to its **long axis.

76
Q

What type of mucosa lines the paranasal sinuses?

a. Squamous
b. Pseudostratified
c. Submucosa
d. Nonciliated

A

b. Pseudostratified

77
Q

The parotid is the smallest major salivary gland, producing only 25% of the total salivary volume.
The submandibular gland is the largest major salivary gland, producing 60%-65% of the total salivary volume.

A. Both statements are true.

B. Both statements are false

C. The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

D. The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

A

Both statements are false.

Parotid = largest,

submandibular = 2nd largest

78
Q

What is the depression on the side of a lymph node termed?

a. Afferent vessel
b. Hilus
c. Efferent vessel
d. Lymphatic nodule

A

b. Hilus

79
Q

The lining mucosa is keratinized.

True or False

A

False

Lining mucosa = mucosa associated with nonkeratinized
stratified squamous epithelium.

80
Q

From what structure does the lymph flow into the lymph node?

a. Afferent vessel
b. Hilus
c. Efferent vessel
d. Lymphatic nodule

A

a. Afferent vessel = in

Efferent = out

81
Q

_____ is directly attached to the underlying bony jaws, making the

attached gingiva firm & immobile.

A. lamina propria
B. external basal lamina
C. internal basal lamina
D. free gingival width

A

lamina propria

  • exhibits tall, narrow connective tissue papilla w/the rete ridges.*
  • Gives tissues its stripling.*
82
Q

Cell renewal of the junctional epithelium takes place in the:

a. internal basal lamina.
b. external basal lamina.
c. lamina propria.
d. basal layer of the tissue

A

d.basal layer of the tissue

83
Q

What occurs when damaging agents enter the junctional epithelium and the gingival tissue undergoes the initial signs of active disease?

a. Gingival hyperplasia
b. Gingival recession
c. Gingivitis
d. Periodontitis

A

c.Gingivitis

84
Q

Which of the following can occur to mature enamel with a case of bulimia?

a. Abrasion
b. Erosion
c. Abfraction
d. Attrition

A

b.Erosion

85
Q

When the deeper tissue of the periodontium is affected by periodontal disease, what is this condition now considered to be?

a. Gingival hyperplasia
b. Gingival recession
c. Gingivitis
d. Periodontitis

A

d.Periodontitis

86
Q

Which is the most superficial layer of the lamina propria of oral mucosa?

a. Dense layer
b. Capillary plexus
c. Submucosa
d. Papillary layer

A

d. Papillary layer

87
Q

Which of the following salivary glands are encapsulated?

a. Submandibular gland
b. Parotid gland
c. Sublingual gland
d. Both parotid and Submandibular glands

A

Both parotid

and

Submandibular glands

88
Q

Given the turnover time of junctional epithelium, the evaluation of periodontal therapy should occur after _____ days.

a. 2
b. 3
c. 5
d. 7

A

d.7

JE turnover = 4-6 days​

89
Q

With the aging process, the ability of the oral mucosa to repair itself is

reduced and the length of the repair time is increased.
With the aging process, the appearance of stippling on the attached gingiva is diminished.

A. Both statements are true.

B. Both statements are false

C. The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

D. The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

A

Both statements are true.

90
Q

The ______ refer(s) to incremental lines that stain brown in preparations of mature enamel.

a. Tomes granular layer
b. Hunter-Schreger bands
c. lines of Retzius
d. imbrication lines of von Ebner

A

c.lines of Retzius

91
Q

Which of the following areas of the oral cavity is categorized as a lining mucosa?

a. attached gingiva
b. hard palate
c. dorsal tongue surface
d. soft palate

A

soft palate

lining mucosa = buccal mucosa, labial mucosa, alveolar
mucosa, as well as the oral mucosa lining theventral surface of the
tongue, floor of the mouth, and soft palate.
Microscopically lining mucosa associated with nonkeratinized
stratified squamous epithelium​

92
Q

Which of the following secretes a basal lamina on the surface that serves as a part of the primary epithelial attachment before the eruption of the tooth and after enamel maturation?

a. Odontoclasts
b. Ameloblasts
c. Cementoblasts
d. Epithelial rests of Malassez

A

b. Ameloblasts

93
Q

The marginal gingiva has an overlying surface layer of what type of stratified squamous epithelium?

a. Orthokeratinized
b. Nonkeratinized
c. Parakeratinized
d. Both nonkeratinized and parakeratinized

A

a.Orthokeratinized

94
Q

Which of the following statements concerning pigmentation in the oral cavity is correct?

a. Melanin is formed by epithelial basal cells.
b. Pigmentation is most noticeable in the alveolar mucosa.
c. The number of melanocytes differs according to clinical appearances.
d. Clinical levels of pigmentation are controlled by genetic programming.

A

d. Clinical levels of pigmentation are

controlled by genetic programming.

95
Q

Which of the following has no stippling & is free from underlying tooth.

A. attached gingiva
B. free gingival groove
C. Marginal Gingiva/Free Gingiva
D. free gingival width

A

Marginal Gingiva/Free Gingiva

96
Q

The sympathetic nervous system is involved in fight-or-flight responses, such as the inhibition of salivary gland secretion (hyposalivation).
The parasympathetic nervous system is involved in rest-or-digest responses, such as the stimulation of salivary gland secretion.

A. Both statements are true.

B. Both statements are false

C. The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

D. The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

A

Both statements are true.

97
Q

Which of the following ducts are associated with the terminal part of the salivary gland?

a. Intercalated
b. Striated
c. Excretory
d. Both the intercalated and striated ducts

A

a. Intercalated

98
Q

What does the slight depression of the free gingival groove on the

outer surface of the gingiva correspond to?

a. Amount of gingival crevicular fluid
b. Depth of the inner gingival sulcus
c. Width of the outer attached gingiva
d. Apical border of the inner junctional epithelium

A

d. Apical border of the inner junctional epithelium

99
Q

The connective tissue capsule surrounding the salivary gland is continuous with the connective tissue septa that run between the epithelial components, creating:

a. nodes and nodules.
b. ducts and acinus.
c. lobes and lobules.
d. channels and ducts.

A

c.lobes and lobules.

100
Q

What is the approximate amount of inorganic material in mature enamel?

a. 50%
b. 65%
c. 70%
d. 96%

A

d.96%

101
Q

What type of tissue makes up the bulk of the lamina propria of the oral mucosa?

a. Connective tissue
b. Muscle tissue
c. Nerve tissue
d. Epithelium

A

a.Connective tissue

102
Q

Which is the Most superficial layerof thelamina propriaof theoral mucosa?

a. dense layer
b. capillary mucosa
c. submucosa
d. papillary layer

A

papillary layer

103
Q

Which of the following salivary glands are associated with the circumvallate lingual papillae and secrete only serous saliva?

a. von Ebner
b. Sublingual
c. Submandibular
d. Bartholin

A

a. von Ebner

von Ebner salivary glands - Serous minor
salivary glands associated with circumvallate lingual papillae.

104
Q

The basal layer of oral mucosa in the oral cavity generally has:

a. columnar-shaped cells.
b. two cell layers.
c. cells undergoing mitosis.
d. keratin being produced.

A

c.cells undergoing mitosis.

105
Q

Which of the following occurs in mature enamel due to wearing away of hard tissue as a result of tooth-to-tooth contact, especially with increased age?

a. Abrasion
b. Erosion
c. Abfraction
d. Attrition

A

d.Attrition

106
Q

The foramen cecum of the tongue is a:

a. groove pointing toward the pharynx.
b. median line demarcating the fusion of the tongue.
c. depression at the apex of the sulcus terminalis.
d. collection of diffuse tonsillar tissue.

A

c.depression at the apex of the sulcus terminalis.

107
Q

Which of the following is not a paranasal sinus?

a. Frontal
b. Sphenoidal
c. Ethmoidal
d. Mandibular

A

d.Mandibular

Paranasal Sinues:

Frontal

Sphenoidal

Ethmoidal

Maxillary

108
Q

Which of the following are partially mineralized vertical sheets of enamel matrix that extend from the dentinoenamel junction near the tooth’s cervix to the outer occlusal surface?

a. Enamel tufts
b. Enamel lamellae
c. Enamel spindles
d. Enamel rods

A

b.Enamel lamellae

109
Q

Which of the following ducts are connected to the intercalated ducts in the lobules of the salivary gland?

a. Intercalated
b. Striated
c. Excretory
d. Both the intercalated and striated ducts

A

b.Striated

110
Q

A blocked minor salivary gland causing retention of saliva is termed a:

a. xerostomia
b. goiter
c. mucocele
d. thyroglossal duct

A

mucocele

Mucocele - lesion due to retention of saliva in minor
salivary gland.

111
Q

Which of the following is considered correct regarding hyperkeratinization of the oral mucosa?

a. It commonly occurs on buccal mucosa with the linea alba.
b. It is associated with chronic freezing of the tissue.
c. It is a response to frictional but not chemical trauma.
d. Changes are reversible even if the source of the injury is not removed.

A

a. It commonly occurs on buccal mucosa with the linea alba.

112
Q

Melanin pigment for the oral cavity is synthesized in which of the following cells?

a. Melanocytes
b. Melanosomes
c. Keratinocytes
d. Nonkeratinocytes

A

b.Melanocytes

113
Q

What is the most common cell in the lamina propria of oral mucosa?

a. Mast cell
b. Fibroblast
c. Macrophages
d. Lymphocytes

A

b.Fibroblast

114
Q

Which of the following is the only unencapsulated gland which produces

10% of salivary flow?

A. Sublingual gland
B. Parotid gland
C. Submandibular gland

A

A. Sublingual gland

115
Q

Keratohyalin granules are located in which of the following epithelial layers in the oral cavity?

a. Stratum spinosum
b. Stratum granulosum
c. Stratum corneum
d. Stratum basale

A

b.Stratum granulosum

116
Q

In a young adult, the buccal mucosa may contain Fordyce spots, which refer to:

a. salivary gland tissue trapped in the lamina propria.
b. deposits of sebum from misplaced sebaceous gland tissue.
c. hyperkeratinized areas from localized tissue trauma.
d. remnants of tonsillar tissue misplaced in the epithelium.

A

b.deposits of sebum from misplaced

sebaceous gland tissue.

117
Q

Which of the following is a pronounced incremental line in enamel?

a. Neonatal line
b. Tomes granular layer
c. Imbrication line of von Ebner
d. Enamel lamella

A

a.Neonatal line

118
Q

Which of the following features can be noted with marginal gingiva?

a. Varying amounts of stippling
b. Tightly bound to alveolar process
c. Opaque in comparison to attached gingiva
d. Considered masticatory mucosa

A

d.Considered masticatory mucosa

119
Q

In a lymph node, the B-cell lymphocytes mature within the:

a. hilus.
b. capsule.
c. lymph vessel.
d. germinal center.

A

d. germinal center.

120
Q

Which lingual papillae are found in lesser numbers on the body of the dorsal surface of the tongue?

a. Circumvallate
b. Foliate
c. Fungiform
d. Filiform

A

c. Fungiform
* The fungiform lingual papillae are found in lesser numbers than are the filiform on the body of the dorsal surface of the tongue. The filiform lingual papillae are the most common lingual papillae located on the body of the dorsal surface of the tongue.*

121
Q

Which of the following lingual papillae are involved in the normal variation of geographic tongue?

a. Circumvallate
b. Foliate
c. Fungiform
d. Filiform

A

d.Filiform

122
Q

In the oral cavity, masticatory mucosa always contains a(n):

a. keratin layer without nuclei.
b. distinct granular layer.
c. prickle layer.
d. underlying submucosa.

A

c. prickle layer.
* associated with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.​*

123
Q

Which of the following has the highest rate of turnover?

a. Oral epithelium
b. Sulcular epithelium
c. Junctional epithelium
d. All have an equally high rate

A

c.Junctional epithelium

JE turnover = 4-6 days​​

Histology (8 decks)

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