exam 3- chapter 17 Flashcards by Tosha Boyd

in the early stages, how do root caries appear?

tan or brown with multiple discolored areas, soft and <2mm deep

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what are the protective factors of caries developing?

saliva flow and components

fluoride, calcium, phosphate

antibacterials such as chlorhexodine, idodine, xylitol

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this is the primary etiologic agent of gingivitis and periodontal disease?

bacterial plaque biofilm

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personal oral hygiene procedures alone should be instituted and reinforced at each periodontal maintenance appt. for the best results, each oral hgiene aid with potential to assist the pt should be demonstrated and recommened for aadoption

the first statement is true, second is false

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what is the most valuable predictor of clinical attachment loss?

increasing probe depths

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perio patients are at risk for root caries bc the loss of clinical attachment results in susceptible root surfaces

the statement and reason are correct and related

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hohrow do arrested root caries appear?

dark brown or black, ill defined areas of coalesced lesions and hard

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what are the categories of chemical agents classified into?

anti inflammatory agents
protein precipitating agents
tubule occluding agents
tubule sealants

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this is apparent when the tooth surface is clinically exposed as a result of apical migration of the junctional epithelium and loss of marginal gingiva

gingival recession

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what occurs in the maintenance phase?

review med. and dental history

dental and perio exam

caries detection

plaque biofilm control

plaque biofilm calculus and stain removal

fluoride therapy

referral to specialists

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what are the three phases of periodontal therapy?

initial, hygienic- including re eval. phase (phase 1)

surgical phase (phase II)

maintenance phase (phase IV)

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what occurs in the phase 1 therapy?

plaque biofilm control, dietary analysis and modification, scaling and root planing

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what is a characteristic of dentin sensitivity?

sharp, intermittent pain of short duration or dull chronic pain

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this is the dominant organism in the bacterial plaque biofilm samples occurring carious root surfaces

actinomyces viscous

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the best indicator for establishing an appropriate maintenance interval for periodontal patient is..

evidence of improvised person plaque biofilm control

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patients at high risk for caries can be treated with

chlorhexadine rinses and use appropriate fluoride therapy and diet modifications

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where is recession measured from?

the CEJ to the marginal gingiva and when added to the probing depths in the area, it provides an estimate of CAL

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the most predictable measurement of increasing clinical attachment loss in maintenance patients is

increased probing depths

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what are reasons for non-compliance with maintenance schedules?

fear

economic concerns

socioeconomic level

influence from family and friends

perceived indifference from the dental hygienist

failure to understand the significance of perio maintenance

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what are the types of fluoride solutions or gels?

1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride
2% neutral sodium fluoride
8% stannous fluoride

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what occurs in the phase 1 therapy re-evaluation phase?

periodontal examination, plaque biofilm control modifications

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what are the different types of fluoride therapy?

mouth rinses, fluoride dentrifice, topical solutions and gels and communal water supplies

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why are the exposed root surfaces a concern?

bc it results in dentin hypersensitivity or hypersensitivity and carious lesions

what factors determine the interval between perio maintenance visits?

probing depths
bleeding on probing
effectiveness of patient plaque biofilm control
age
medical and dental history
perio history
history of compliance
compliance with oral home care regimen

what are the active ingredients in desensitizing in tooth paste products?

potassium nitrate, strontium chloride, and sodium citrate

what are the five objectives of periodontal maintenance?

preservation of clinical attachment loss maintenance of alveolar bone height control of inflammation evaluation and reinforcement of personal oral hygiene maintenance of optimal oral health

this is necessary to monitor for periodontal health?

gain or loss of clinical attachment levels and probing depths

what are the characteristic signs of inflammation?

swelling, heat, pain and redness

fluoride rinses are not recommened for the pero maintenance pt bc systemic water fluoridation alone is more effective for root caries

the statement is correct, but reason is not

this is continuing periodic assessment and prophylactic treatment of the periodontal structures that permit early detection and treatment of new recurring abnormalities or disease

periodontal maintenance

the effectiveness of maintenance therapy is supported by evidence indicating that...

supragingival plaque biofilm control alone can improve probing depths and CAL in patients with perio

what are other names for periodontal maintenance?

recall, periodontal maintenance therapy, supportive periodontal therapy, or the maintenance phase of periodontal therapy

what are some factors that may cause adverse periodontal conditions?

defective restorations, overhanging margins, open contacts, over contoured crowns, poorly fitting removeable prosthesis

what are strategies for minimizing risk of caries?

frequent dental visits, topical fluorides, and diet control

what medications are associated with causing xerosotmia?

antiacne drugs antianxiety drugs antihypersensitives antidepressants muscle relaxants antipsychotics decongestants parkinsonism drugs diuretics antiinflammtory analgesics antinauseants

what are the long term periodontal maintenance components

compliance assessment prevention treatment

what factors may contribute to the failure of maintenance of periodontal health?

insufficient patient plaque biofilm control incomplete removal of bacterial plaque biofilm and calculus during therapy presence of faulty restorations prosthesis that favor the reestablishment of disease lack of patient compliance with recommended maintenance procedures systemic conditions that negatively affect the oral cavity

extension of the pocket beyond the mucogingival junction and into the alveolar mucosa represents...

mucogingival involvement

what are the strategies to prevent root caries?

increase remineralization of teeth through fluoride therapy reduce number of microorganisms through effective plaque biofilm control and antimicrobial agents modify the caries risk by selecting non cariogenic foods limit the frequency of consuming fermentable carbs improve salivary flow

what are the principal aims of the maintenance appointment?

evauluate stability of results after active therapy remove bacterial plaque biofilm accumulations on tooth surface eliminate all factors that favor bacteria evaluate and reinforce plaque biofilm control

this is defined by loss of clinical attachment and supporting bone to multirooted tooth beyond the division of the roots

furcation involvement

patients with xerostomia have increased risk of...

candida infections, dental caries and perio disease

this is a reliable indicator of pocket inflammation

bleeding on probing

when perio disease recurs, what is it called?

recurrent periodontitis

what is something patients at high risk for caries can be treated with?

chlorhexadine rinses to reduce cariogenic bacteria and then use fluoride therapy and diet modifications

what are the pathological factors that develop caries?

acid producing bacteria frequently eating and drinking of fermentable carbohydrate subnormal saliva flow and or function

in patients with xerostomia, where are caries locates?

cervical margins or incisal edges.. primary and recurrent caries may arise at margins of existing restorations

two types of desensitizing agents

chemical and physical

what are the causes of tooth mobility?

inflammation of PDL Loss of perio support trauma from occlusion

all medications can cause xerostomia except...

antifungal

what may xerostomia be related to?

systemic conditions, head and neck radiation, drug therapy, dehydration, stress and anxiety

the first perio maintenance appt. after surgery should occur within

2-4 weeks

what physical techniques can be used for desensitizing?

dentin bonding agents such as composite resins, varnishes, sealants, glass ionomer cements, soft tissue grafts

what is used to inhibit demineralization and ehnace the remineralization?

fluoride

this is the formation of pus that is visible at the entrance of the pocket when light pressure is placed on external gingival surface

suppuration

what is noted in periodontal evaluation?

``` probing pocket depths clinical attachment loss gingival recession bleeding on probing supparation tooth mobility furcations mucogingival involvement ```

when should new products be tried if sensitivity persists with a certain product?

2-6 weeks