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Advanced Perio > Exam 3 -ch 14 > Flashcards

Exam 3 -ch 14 Flashcards

1
Q

what are examples of access flap procedures?

A

the modified widman flap, the excisional new attachment procedure and open flap curettage

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2
Q

why is thorough phase 1 therapy, including scaling, root planing and oral hygiene instruction, completed at least 4 weeks prior to periodontal surgery

A

for enough time to heal

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3
Q

window like openings in alveolar bone over a root surface

A

fenestration

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4
Q

this is the sliding of the gingival tissue from an adjacent tooth or papilla

A

lateral pedicle graft

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5
Q

this technique uses three incisions to separate the pocket lining from the tooth in a controlled manner

A

modified widman flap

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6
Q

produced by bone loss of interdental bone… facial and lingual plates without concomitant loss of tadicular bone

A

reversed architecture

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7
Q

what type of pockets are often best treated by flap surgery?

A

suprabony pockets

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8
Q

The primary reason to perform excisional periodontal surgery is to provide access to root surfaces for debridement. Debridement during surgery is necessary because it is very difficult to remove all the calculus and plaque on root surfaces during the pre surgical phase

A

both are TRUE

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9
Q

if bony ledges or non supporting bone is removed, the procedure is called….

A

osteoplasty

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10
Q

this flap technique does not involve elevating the flap past the mucogingival junction

A

new attachment procedure

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11
Q

what is the major benefit of periodontal surgery?

A

to gain access to the root surfaces for scaling and root planing

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12
Q

root is denuded of bone and portions of root surface covered by soft tissue

A

dehiscence

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13
Q

this type of procedure is to provide access to the root surfaces for the debridement and to create conditions for reattachment of the gingival tissues to the root

A

access flap procedure

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14
Q

The most important clinical measure of bone loss is

A

attachment loss

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15
Q

this includes a variety of periodontal plastic surgery procedure to augment the thickness of keratinized gingival tissues, increase the zone of the attached gingiva or augment endentulous spaces

A

mucogingival surgery

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16
Q

regenerative periodontal surgical procedures….

A

selectively encourage the growth of cells of the attachment apparatus

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17
Q

this is a deepened gingival sulcus with an infected root surfaces covered by an ulcerated epithelial surface with underlying inflamed connective tissue

A

periodontal pocket

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18
Q

this includes a variety of surgical techniques that attempt to restore the periodontal tissues lost through disease

A

regeneration surgery

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19
Q

what cells are the first to heal?

A

epithelial

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20
Q

what does regeneration surgery include?

A

a variety of surgical techniques that attempt to restore the periodontal tissues lost through disease

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21
Q

this is placed over sutures to hold the flaps tightly to the teeth and underlying bone when pocket reduction surgery has been performed.

A

periodontal dressing

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22
Q

what are the contraindications to periodontal surgery?

A

health statues or age of patient.

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23
Q

sever abscess containing multiple boils

A

carbuncle

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24
Q

surgical sites should not be probed for at least one week after surgery because the collagen fibers have not had sufficient time to heal to be able to resist the penetration force of the probe

A

the statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct

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25
Q

what is the most often quoted ideal width of attached gingival tissue?

A

3 mm

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26
Q

what is the most successful material used in alloplasts?

A

porous hydroxyapatite

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27
Q

list the general factors that must be considered before periodontal surgery

A

general health
pocket depths
attachment loss
patient compliance

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28
Q

the types of periodontal surgery in which the periodontist shapes the alveolar bone with chisels or burs to remove bony defects are called procedures for…

A

treatment of osseous defects

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29
Q

these are created from donor bone from the patients own body… may be taken from i gra oral sites such as tori, maxillary tuberosity or bone removed during osteoplasty

A

Autograft

30
Q

what are indications of access flap procedure?

A

to treat periodontal pockets aesthetically sensitive areas or where pocket reduction is not destined or indicated

31
Q

this is a type of bone loss in which the interproximal bone is apical to the facial and lingual bone

A

reverse alveolar bony architecture

32
Q

what is the most predictable method for regenerating lost periodontal tissues??

A

guided tissue regeneration

33
Q

what types of surgeries do pocket reduction include??

A

excisional (gingivectomy and gingivoplasty)

incisional (periodontal flap procedures)

34
Q

these extend epically beyond the crest of the bone

A

infrabony pockets

35
Q

the most common oral site for donor tissue for free gingival graft procedure is the

A

palate

36
Q

these are created from bone taken from another species such as bovine or cow, porcine or pig bone.

A

xenografts

37
Q

what has been suggested as the best technique to attempt to cover exposed root surfaces?

A

lateral pedicle graft

38
Q

if alveolar bone that contains periodontal fibers that support the tooth is removed, this procedure is called…

A

ostectomy

39
Q

the types of periodontal surgery that increase the predictability for growth of new tissues of the periodontal apparatus are called procedures for

A

guided tissue regeneration

40
Q

what is root sensitivity following perio surgery caused by?

A

exposed root surfaces

apically positioned perio flaps

gingival shrinkage during healing

root planing with cementum removal

41
Q

when is periodontal surgery indicated?

A

to control the progress of periodontal destruction and attachment loss when more conservative non surgical treatment is not successful

42
Q

this includes a variety of periodontal plastic surgery procedures to augment the thickness of keratinized gingival tissues, increase the zone of attached gingiva, improve gingival aesthetics by covering recessed root surfaces, or augment edentulous spaces.

A

mucogingival surgery

43
Q

periodontal surgery is most successful when pocket depths are between 5 and 9 mm. Indications for periodontal surgery are more effected by measurements of clinical attachment loss than those by pocket depths

A

both statements are TRUE

44
Q

what are relative contraindications to periodontal surgery?

A

patient with certain systemic diseases

uncontrolled hypertension

recent history of heart attack

uncontrolled diabetes

certain bleeding disorders

kidney dialysis

patients non complaint

patients with high risk for caries

patients with unrealistic expectations
history of radiation to the jaws

HIV infections

45
Q

pockets coronal to the horizontal bone loss are called

A

suprabony pockets

46
Q

what is periodontal regeneration??

A

the formation of new alveolar bone, new cementum and new periodontal ligament on a tooth root surfaces that was previously diseased

47
Q

what does guided tissue regeneration permit??

A

the healing cells to proliferate from bone and periodontal ligament rather than epithelium to and from bone and periodontal ligament rather than epithelium to more reliably gain new attachment to the tooth more reliably

48
Q

this is measured from the cej to the base of the pocket

A

attachment loss

49
Q

these types of grafts have donor sites located somewhere in the mouth away from
the site that requires grafting

A

free gingival graft

50
Q

what are the most common mucogingival procedures?

A

lateral pedicle gingival graft

free autogenous gingival graft

subgingival connective tissue graft

51
Q

this is 1-2 mm of connective tissue attachment covered by epithelium between the probing depth and the alveolar bone

A

biologic width

52
Q

fissure in gingival tissues caused by abnormal frena, trauma from occlusion or pierce related trauma

A

gingival cleft

53
Q

what are the goals of periodontal surgery?

A

pocket reduction

abscess drainage

correction of mucogingival defects

aesthetic improvements

access for restorative procedures

regeneration of lost tissue

placement of dental implants

54
Q

what are the four healing categories

A

repair

reattach

new attachment

regeneration

55
Q

what is an advantage of periodontal surgery?

A

better access to furcations, complex root surfaces and infrabony pockets.

56
Q

these type of grafts has a variety of synthetic bone minerals… they may be made of hydroxyapatite mineral or ceramics, such as plaster of paris and tricalcium phosphate

A

alloplasts

57
Q

what are some post operative instructions the hygienist must review with a patient after periodontal surgery??

A

limiting physical activity

controlling bleeding with finger pressure if needed

consuming a soft diet

filling and takin prescriptions for analgesics and antibiotics if needed

being aware of swelling that may occur

avoid smoking

follow plaque and biofilm instructions

58
Q

this is created from bone that comes from another person…

A

allograft

59
Q

this has become the procedure of choice when root coverage is the objective of mucogingival surgery

A

subgingival connective tissue graft

60
Q

when prescribing periodontal surgery, what factors are considered?

A

probing pocket depth

amount of bone loss

importance of the tooth to function and aesthetics

patients level of plaque biofilm control

patients general health

61
Q

what are some specific considerations in deciding to perform periodontal surgery?

A

pocket depth

bone loss

value of the tooth

plaque and biofilm control

health of the patient

patient preference

62
Q

dome shaped lesion known as boil

A

furncle

63
Q

this is the measurement from the crest of the gingival margin to the base of the pocket

A

probing depth

64
Q

what pocket depths are most successfully treated by periodontal surgery procedures?

A

5-9 mm

65
Q

when is the surgical wound well epitheliaized?

A

7-10 days

66
Q

what does a blood clot act as?

A

matrix and scaffolding for healing cells to migrate into the wound area

67
Q

how should a blood clot be? thick or thin

A

thin as possible because the inflammatory cells associated with wound healing are also required to remove the fibrin clot to complete healing

68
Q

in studies of the healing of periodontal surgical wounds, the junctional
epithelium returned to its pre surgical appearance in…

A

10-12 days

69
Q

maturation of newly formed bone can continunuo to…

A

6 months

70
Q

what type of healing intention is gingvectomy?

A

secondary

71
Q

post op care of the hygienist may include:

A

suture removal, dressing removal, post surgical biofilm removal, follow up wound care and home care instructions

Advanced Perio (6 decks)

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