Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Advanced Perio > Exam 1: Chapter 11,12&13 > Flashcards

Exam 1: Chapter 11,12&13 Flashcards

1
Q

mandibular movement toward the midline; the mediotrusive side moves toward midline in function

A

mediotrusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are active agents in triclosan toothpastes been shown to reduce plaque?

A

zinc citrate or copolymer of methoxyethlyene and maleic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the maximum intercuspation of the mand. and max. teeth, also called centric occlusion and habitual occlusion

A

intercuspal position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

abnormal movement and can describe masticatory muscle incoordination or spasm

A

dyskinesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which tooth brushing method is focused at the gingival margin?

A

bass method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

this is a quaternary ammonium compound in mouthwashes?

A

cetylpyridinium

some also contain domiphen bromide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is a disadvantage of the scrub brushing technique?

A

it has been associated with gingival recession

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

pain in the muscle

A

myalgia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

this is a phenolic compound available without a prescription in toothpaste formulations with antiplaque, anticalculus, and antigingivitis agent..

A

triclosan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what happens in the phase 4 therapy?

A

evaluation of patients oral hygiene
smoking cessation
treatment depends on the condition of periodontium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

relationship of form and function

A

morphofunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the most effective antibacterial agent available?

A

chlorhexidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

root smoothness achieves all of the following except one.. which one is the exception?

A 
delays tissue attachment
enhances self cleaning
promotes healing
retards plaque formation
sooths irritated tissues

(delays tissue attachment)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

attachment gain after nonsurgical therapy should be measured carefully because inflamed tissues may not provide accurate reading

A

both are correct and related

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

these reduce the bacterial load and enhance the hosts defense to the infectious oral pathogens in chronic periodontitis, aggressive perio and perio

A

antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the concept of periodontal pathogens associated with different types of periodontal disease called

A

specific plaque hypothesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

plaque control for perio pts. include tooth brushing and use of an appropriate interdental aid. All periodontal pts. must use dental floss

A

the first statement is true, second is false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

this is an effect enzyme suppressor including collegenase

A

periostat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

a number of clinical trials have proved this shows no additional benefit to healing compared with scaling and root planing alone

A

curretage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

this forces water between the teeth with a single or multiple jets of pulsed beads of water

A

supragingival irrigation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

why is penicillin a type of antibiotic is not considered effective in perio diseases?

A

because the pathogens are resistant to penicillin..

enzymes produced by periodontal pathogens tend to break down thepeniclliin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

the term that best describes heavy occlusal forces that have caused injury to tissues and bone in a normal periodontium

A

primary traumatic occlusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

dental hygiene support for home care for perio patient includes

A

demonstrating the necessary techniques in the office
understanding individual pt. likes and dislikes relating to oral care
ongoing encouragement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

when is healing greatest for nonsurgical perio therapy?

A

3-6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

treatment that alters the occlusal contacts or mandibular positin of the jaw

A

occlusal therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

the antimicrobial minocycline is commonly used for antimicrobial agents for periodontal disease..what commercial agent, product form and how Is it placed?

A

arestin

microspheres

placed with syringe biodegrades

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

this is the simplest brushing technique and does not focus cleaning at the gingival margin

A

scrub method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

this technique is beneficial for patients with orthodontics because the orientation of the bristles in this technique effectively removes debris trapped by brackets and wires

A

charters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

as it ages, how does supragingival plaque become dominated?

A

by gram negative microbial species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what are some examples of antimicrobial irrigants?

A
  1. 12% chlorhexidine
  2. 4% stannous fluoride
  3. 05% povidone fluoride
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

the term for removal of inflamed soft tissue wall lining of perio pocket is

A

gingival curettage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

movement of the mandible outside the range of function

A

parafunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

tooth contact that does not allow the teeth to achieve stable interdigitation; also called supracontact

A

interference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

this antibiotic is successful of certain periodontal diseases and can accumulate high concentrations in the gingival sulcus

A

tetracycline (minocycline or doxycycline)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

what are the phases of phase 1 or intial therapy?

A

ER care; relief of sudden symptoms

oral hygiene instructions

nutritional counseling

correction of inadequate restorations

periodontal debridement

antimicrobial therapy

systemic antibiotics

fluoride applications

smoking cessation

minor orthodontic movement

extraction of hopeless teeth

reevaluation of initial therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

what is the normal mandibular side to side movement?

A

8 mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

clamping and forcing the teeth together without grinding

A

clenching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

what are the four symptoms commonly reported in patients with TMDS?

A

pain and tenderness in muscles of mastication

pain and tenderness in TMJ

painful clicking of the joint during function

limitation of mandibular motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

pain in the joint structure

A

arthalgia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

cracking or snapping noises in the TMJ because of disk and condyle incoordination; can occur in one or both joints

A

clicking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

involuntary contraction of a muscle or muscles, usually a painful interfering with function

A

spasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

to provide the most beneficial effects, chemical antiplaque agent should demonstrate several properties

A

antiplaque action
substantivty
low toxicity and non irritating
low permeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

what are lasers used for?

A

in periodontics- used for removing calculus, subgingival bacterial flora, sterilizing periodontal pockets, enhancing root instrumentation and performing perio surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

what are the four primary symptoms of TMDS?

A

muscle pain, jaw pain, clicking, and limitation of motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

who is bruxism most common with?

A

children ages 3-12 yrs of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

air powder polishing works by application of a mechanical abrasion of slurry of

A

sodium bicarbonate and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

myalgia is best described as

A

pain in the muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

grinding or gnashing of the teeth usually during sleep; an oral habit that can cause periodontal injury and pain and discomfort in the jaw

A

bruxism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

what state is the oral cavity in when talking, chewing and swallowing?

A

dynamic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

all of the following are characteristics of chlorhexadine except..

A

substantivity
anticalculus agent
taste perversion
ada approved for gingivitis treatment

(Anti calculus agent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

what are the short term goals of evaluation?

A

clean and smooth root surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

these are repetitive masticatory activities outside the normal range of function

A

oral habits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

this technique involves brushing the teeth the way that they grow

A

roll

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

what are side effects of chlorhexidine?

A

dark brown staining, increased supragingival calculus and altered taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

what is the long term goal of calculus and biofilm removal?

A

regular removal of new deposits at subsequent visits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

what is metronidazole useful for?

A

patient who have ANUG or HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

inflammation in a muscle

A

myositis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

scraping or cleaning the walls of a cavity or surface by means of a curette

A

curretage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

enlargement

A

hypertrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

patients rinsing for 30 seconds with an antiseptic mouth wash before ultra sonic scaling reduce recoverable colonizing bacterial units from aerosols by….

A

93%

rinsing with non antiseptic reduces by 33%

61
Q

this antibiotic targets anaerobes and is used in combination with other antibiotics

A

metronidazole

62
Q

this is a complex apparatus that has ana amazing adaptive capacity to function

A

masticatory system

63
Q

puncture of joint space with a needle and removal of fluid

A

arthocentesis

64
Q

what are the four symptoms commonly reported in patients with TMD?

A

pain and tenderness in the muscles of mastication

pain and tenderness in the TMJ

painful clicking of the joint during function

limitation of the mandibular motion

65
Q

when does the junctional epithelium begin to reattach?

A

7 days

66
Q

the etiology of TMD is

A

Multifacotiral

67
Q

what are some considerations to remember with patients who have TMD?

A

short appts.

aids during treatment

home care suggestions

post op care

short and frequent recall appts

68
Q

what are the muscle and facial disorders of the masticatory system?

A

myalgia, trismus, dyskenisa, and bruxism

69
Q

what are the short term goals of calculus and biofilm removal

A

complete removal of deposits and clean surfaces

70
Q

what are some treatment methods for TMDS?

A

home therapy

physical therapy

occlusal appliances

behavioral therapy

pharmacologic therapy

surgical therapy

irreversible treatments

71
Q

what is a great threat to the survival of teeth when attachment loss and recession expose the roots of oral environment?

A

root caries

72
Q

complete calculus removal with hand or powered instruments is a goal for the dental hygienist. calculus is the etiologic agent in perio disease.

A

the first statement is true, second is false

73
Q

this is a state of morphofunctional disharmony in which forces developed during function cause pathologic changes in the tissues

A

dysfunction

74
Q

this tool is good for cleaning proximal root surfaces..they provide improved access into the developmental grooves and furcations

A

interdental brushes

75
Q

this technique is vibratory motions at a 45 degree angle to the long axis of the tooth

A

bass

76
Q

all of the following are true regarding powered toothbrushes except one?

A

they are least effective as manual
they can be helpful for pt. with limited dexterity
they are essential in maintaining perio health
all are true

(they can be essential in maintaining perio health)

77
Q

experimental evidence indicates that rough root surfaces are mechanical irritants. rough root surfaces delay healing

A

the first is true, second is false

78
Q

what has been used in dentist for caries inhibiting effects?

A

stannous fluoride

79
Q

what does the disorders of maxillomandibular growth include?

A

neoplastic and nonneoplastic conditions

80
Q

what are some common antibiotics used to treat perio?

A

tetracycline, doxycycline and occasionally penicillin

81
Q

what are the three basic types of antibiotics that could be used in phase 1?

A

tetracyclines, metronidazole or penicillin

82
Q

this antibiotic is useful for oral soft tissue infections resulting from gram negative bacilli and gram positive spore forming bacilli

A

metronidazole (flagyl, metrogel, prostat)

83
Q

accidental and incomplete removal of the pocket lining during scaling and root planing or periodontal debridement procedures

A

inadvertent curretage

84
Q

what are the types of actions associated with powered tooth brushes?

A

vibrating, oscillitating, rotary, counter rotary or sonic

85
Q

instrumentation of the crown and root surfaces of the teeth to remove calculus, plaque, and stains from these surfaces

A

scaling

86
Q

the goal of this is to remove cementum or dentin that may be impregnated with bacterial lipopolhsaccharides to create a glassy, hard surface

A

root planing

87
Q

what types of mouth washes have been showed to reduce plaque and gingivitis by about 30 percent?

A

containing essential oils- thymil, eucalyptol, menthol, and methyl salicylate

88
Q

this is considered to have little therapeutic value in the treatment of chronic periodontitis and is no longer listed as a treatment by the ADA and AAP

A

gingival curretage

89
Q

the goals of plaque control program for the periodontal pt. include all of the following except one..

A

a. support for home care practices
b. maintenance of gingival and periodontal health
c. pt. education
d. manual flossing

(D. MANUAL FLOSSING)

90
Q

what does the disorders of mandibular mobility include?

A

ankylosis, muscular fibrosis, internal derangement and adhesions of the joint

91
Q

what are the goals of plaque biofilm control for the periodontal patient?

A

patient motivation

patient responsibility

management of a complex plaque control routine

caries control

maintenance of gingival and periodontal health

92
Q

where can floss reach?

A

interproximal surfaces of the teeth, extending under the gingival margin where a tooth brush cannot reach

93
Q

what are the characteristics of an ideal tooth brush?

A

straight, 6 inches long and 7/16 inches wide

three evenly spaced rows with six tufts each

80 nylon bristles per tiff, 0.007 inches in diameter, 13/32 inches long

rounded finish

94
Q

what are lasers?

A 
light
amplification by
stimulated 
emission of
radiation
95
Q

what are the types of toothbrushing techniques?

A 
scrub
roll
charters
stillman
bass
powered
96
Q

what are the diagnostic categories for TMD?

A

muscle and fascial disorders of masticatory system

disorder of tmj

disorder of mandibular mobility

disorder of maxillomamdibular growth

97
Q

what is the name of the bacteria that has been associated with aggressive periodontitis?

A

actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

98
Q

vibration or movement of a tooth when in function.. can be observed or felt by placing a finger over the tooth

A

fremitus

99
Q

what are the steps of phase 2 therapy?

A

surgical access, sometimes inducing sustained anatomic alterations..

this phase is only performed if necessary..

100
Q

what are the disorders of the tmj?

A

internal derangements that impair mechanical function of the TMJ, such as arthritis

101
Q

what is the long term goals of plaque biofilm control

A

ensure adoption of adequate daily oral hygiene procedures and reinforcement

102
Q

what is the causative agent of gingival and periodontal diseases?

A

dental plaque biofilm

103
Q

daily flossing to tooth brushing regimen leads to…

A

reduction in inflammation, plaque biofilm and calculus deposits

104
Q

an oral habit such as bruxism can result in all of the following except one?

a. change in microbiota
b. muscular hypertrophy
c. perio tissue injury
D. muscular pain and tenderness

A

A change in microbiota

105
Q

spasm in the masticatory muscles associated with a disturbance in the trigeminal nerve

A

trismus

106
Q

ultrasonic scaling devices generate vibrations in the range of?

A

20,000-50,000 cycles per second

107
Q

this is made when normal occlusal forces exceed the capability of a periodontium that is already affected by periodontal disease

A

secondary traumatic occlusion

108
Q

grating noise in the TMJ because of damage to the disk and articulating joint surfaces

A

crepitus

109
Q

what are other terms used to describe non surgical periodontal therapy?

A

initial therapy
phase 1 therapy
etiotrophic phase
periodontal debridement

110
Q

doxycycline is a form of what?

A

gel form placed with syringe and biodegrades..

commercial agent: atridox

111
Q

irrigation is a useful component of home care for the perio patient. bacteremia has been shown to be associated with oral irrigation

A

both are true

112
Q

how is the handle of a tooth pick beneficial?

A

permits the top to slip into proximal spaces, furcation areas, subgingival root surfaces and developmental grooves to rub biofilm off

113
Q

what is the long term goal of evaluation?

A

tissue health restored and compliance with maintenance regimen

114
Q

in what order do bacteria repopulate?

A

streptococcus and actinonacollus

veillonella, bacteroides, porphyromonas, prevotella and fusibacterium

115
Q

what kind of properties should chemical antiplaque agents include?

A

antiplaque action, substantivity low toxicity, and low permeability

116
Q

what are the desensitizing agents found in toothpastes?

A

potassium nitrate, potassium citrate, and strontium chloride

117
Q

what are some examples of interproximal cleaning aids?

A

dental floss
interdental brushes
tuft floss

118
Q

the normal jaw should achieve an opening distance of at least 40 mm. any finding less than 40 mm should be considered a symptom of TMD and referred for treatment

A

the first statement is true and second is false

119
Q

sonic scalers generate vibration range of?

A

3,000-8,000

120
Q

this has ben helpful for treating bacteroides infections

A

augmentin (amoxiliccin and clavulnic acid)

121
Q

what is the usually strength for daily home use of stannous fluoride?

A

0.4 percent

122
Q

chlorhexadine comes in what form?

A

disk form, placed with instrument and biodegrades.. commercial agent: periochip

123
Q

this technique requires placement of the bristles to point apically but not at a 90 degree angle..

A

stillman

124
Q

mandibular movement away from the midline; the laterostrusive side moves away from the midline in function

A

laterotrusion

125
Q

this technique has the greatest cleaning potential at the gingival margin of the teeth?

A

bass

126
Q

what can oral habits lead to?

A

tooth damage, muscular hypertrophy, muscular pain, and tenderness and periodontal tissue injury

127
Q

an occlusion that is free of disease and dysfunction and has adapted to some physiologic changes

A

physiologic occlusion

128
Q

the most frequently recommended approach for the treatment of TMDS is physical medicine therapy because i is conservative and reversible

A

both statement and reason are correct and related

129
Q

what happens in phase 3 therapy?

A

final restorations are fabricated

130
Q

this is when heavy occlusal forces exceed the adaptive range in a normal periodontium

A

primary traumatic occlusion

131
Q

why is the bass technique widely taught?

A

it provides mechanical plaque biofilm removal at the gingival margin and minimizes gingival trauma

132
Q

describe difference of scaling and root planning..

A

scaling is removing calculus present on tooth structure.. root planning is only on root surfaces to remove rough cementum

133
Q

what are the eight aspects of the assessment of clinical jaw function and occlusion

A 
muscle palpitation 
mandibular movement 
joint function
joint sounds
intercuspal position 
protrusive, lateral and medial excursive movements
tooth mobility and wear
radiographic evaulation
134
Q

state of morphofunctional harmony in which the forces developed during function are within adaptive range

A

orthofunction

135
Q

what is the role of the dental hygienist?

A

to recognize signs and symptoms of pain and dysfunction

to record the parameters of these signs and symptoms

and refer the patient for diagnosis and treatment

136
Q

what are some features powered tooth brushes include that can support patient home care?

A

timers and alerts that assist the patient in brushing long enough in each area of the mouth

137
Q

mandible movement from side to side and forward; movement away from the intercuspal position

A

excursive movement

138
Q

the goal of periodontal instrumentation is to return the periodontium to a state of health. periodontal health is achieved through surgical therapy techniques.

A

the first statement is true, the second is false

139
Q

what is the short term goal of plaque biofilm control?

A

provide techniques and instruction and reinforcement

140
Q

what is the mechanism of action of quaternary ammonium compounds?

A

the ability to increase bacterial cell wall permeability, decrease cell metabolism and reduce attachment to tooth surfaces

141
Q

how should the hygienist recommend the use of chlorhexidine?

A

full strength (0.12 percent), twice daily for seconds using 15 ML of rinse

142
Q

what should a patient be able to achieve when opening?

A

minimum of 40 mm

143
Q

the mandible in the end point of the terminal hinge closure..called centric relation position

A

retruded contact position

144
Q

what are some questions you should ask when doing an TMD screening?

A

do you have trouble opening your mouth?

do you hear noises in your jaw joints?

does your jaw stick lock or go out?

do you have pain when you chew or yawn?

does your bite feel uncomfortable or unusal?

have you ever had an injury to your head and neck?

do you have arthritis?

do you have problems chewing, talking or usuing your jaw?

do you clench or grind your teeth?

have you ever been treated for TMJ problem?

145
Q

a deviation of the mandible to the right on opening would suggest that the patient may have

A

restriction of right condyle

146
Q

which of the following oral hygiene aids are best suited to areas of furcation involvement?

A

dental floss
powered tooth brushes
manual tooth brush
toothpicks

(tooth picks)

147
Q

this technique requires placement of the brush at a 45 degree angle to the tooth surface with the bristle ends pointing away from the gingiva but toward the interproximal faces of the teeth

A

charters

148
Q

what are the three words that summarize the role of the dental hygienist in occlusion and TMD

A

recognize
record
refer

149
Q

what are the procedures of nonsurgical periodontal therapy?

A

scaling
root planning
gingival curettage
polishing

Advanced Perio (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions