Exam 3 - Anterior and Medial Thigh

Question 1

When the external iliac artery goes under the inguinal ligament, it becomes:

Answer 1

The femoral artery

Question 2

Which vein passes anterior to the medial malleolus (ankle bone) ?

Answer 2

Great saphenous vein

Question 3

Incompetent valves result in?

Answer 3

Varicose veins

Question 4

The small saphenous vein drains into the ___ vein.

Answer 4

Popliteal vein (behind knee)

Question 5

When a resident has trouble finding veins for an IV, they might use what vein?

Answer 5

Great saphenous vein for a “saphenous cutdown”

Question 6

The great saphenous vein empties most of the blood into the _____ vein after piercing the opening in fascia lata.

Answer 6

femoral vein

Question 7

Where does the small saphenous vein ascend?

Answer 7

Posterior to lateral malleolus

Question 8

The superficial nodes drain everything in the lower limb except for the ______.

Answer 8

testes - these drain to lumbar nodes

Question 9

The deep inguinal nodes are found right along the side of the _______.

Answer 9

femoral vein

Question 10

The iliotibial tract, a thickening of fascia lata, receives insertions of what two muscles?

Answer 10

1. Tensor fascia-lata

2. 2/3 of the gluteus maximus

Question 11

What is the longest muscle in the human body?

Answer 11

Sartorius - flexes & laterally rotates thigh @ hip joint

flexes & medially rotates thigh @ knee joint

Question 12

Which part of the quadriceps flexes the femur at the hip joint?

Answer 12

Rectus femoris

Question 13

Iliopsoas serves what functions?

Answer 13

Chief flexor of thigh (at hip joint)

Stabilizes the lumbar portion of the vertebral column in the sitting position

Question 14

The ____ nerve is the nerve of the adductor compartment.

Answer 14

Obturator nerve

Question 15

Two muscles fused to form the adductor magnus in the medial compartment of the thigh. What is the function of the Hamstring portion?

Answer 15

The hamstring portion extends the femur. Like all hamstring muscles, it has an attachment on the ischial tuberosity.

Question 16

What is the nerve supply of the adductor magnus?

Answer 16

Adductor portion: Obturator nerve

Hamstring portion: Tibial division of sciatic nerve

Question 17

Which hamstring muscle crosses only 1 joint?

Answer 17

The hamstring portion of the adductor magnus only crosses 1 joint. All others cross two joints.

Question 18

What are the contents of the femoral triangle from lateral to medial?

Answer 18

Lateral: femoral nerve
then: femoral SHEATH
Medial: deep inguinal nodes (within sheath)

Question 19

What are the contents of the femoral sheath from alteral to medial?

Answer 19

Lateral: femoral artery

then: femoral vein
medial: femoral canal

Question 20

What is the medial boundary of the femoral canal?

Answer 20

Lacunar ligament

Question 21

Instead of passing through the superficial inguinal ring (as in inguinal hernias), in femoral hernias the intestine slips BELOW the __________ ligament and is deep to the fascia lata.

Answer 21

Inguinal

Question 22

The contents of the adductor canal include what four structures?

Answer 22

Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Nerve to vastus medialis
Saphenous nerve

Question 23

What structure runs down instead of passing into the popliteal fossa?

Answer 23

The saphenous nerve - which provides the cutaneous supply to the medial leg. It runs with the great saphenous vein.

Question 24

From outside to inside, which muscles are supplied by the obturator nerve in the anteromedial femoral thigh?

Answer 24

Abductor longus
Abductor brevis
Abductor magnus

Question 25

The hamstrings are supplied by what artery?

Answer 25

Perforating branches of the deep femoral

Question 26

Are the nodes receiving lymph from (most of) the perineum superficial or deep to the fascia lata?

Answer 26

Superficial - in fact they are called the superficial inguinal nodes.

Question 27

Where do the lymph nodes deep to the fascia lata drain?

Answer 27

External iliac nodes (the deep inguinal nodes are found on the medial side of the femoral vein, deep to the fascia lata)

Question 28

A carcinoma of the testes or ovaries would metastasize to where?

Answer 28

Para-aortic or lumbar nodes