Exam 1/2 Review - Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

Where are preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system located?

Answer 1

Lateral gray horns of spinal cord

T1-L2(L3)

Question 2

Myelinated preganglionic axons exit the ventral ramus of the spinal nerves and enter the sympathetic trunk as what?

Answer 2

White communicating ramus

Question 3

Inferior cervical ganglion and first thoracic ganglion are called?

Answer 3

Stellate ganglion

Question 4

What levels of the spinal cord are gray communicating rami found?

Answer 4

All levels!

Question 5

Postganglionic sympathetic fibers to the head all have their cell bodies in the:

Answer 5

Superior cervical ganglion

Question 6

Which part of the ANS transmits fibers to the hindgut derivatives?

Answer 6

preganglionic fibers from S2-S4

Question 7

Which part of the ANS transmits fibers to the foregut and midgut derivatives?

Answer 7

myelinated preganglionic fibers from the vagus nerve (CNX)

Question 8

The sweat glands of the face and neck, and salivary glands, are supplied by what plexus of SNS fibers?

Answer 8

External carotid plexus

Question 9

The tympanic plexus receives SNS fibers from the:

Answer 9

Internal carotid plexus

Question 10

The branches of the maxillary division receive their SNS fibers from the deep petrosal nerve, which receives them from the:

Answer 10

Internal carotid plexus

Question 11

Two main groups of SNS fibers leave the internal carotid plexus (via the cavernous sinus) and run through which ganglia?

Answer 11

Ciliary ganglion - to supply dilator of pupil and vasculature of eye
Pterygopalatine ganglion - to supply maxillary division

Question 12

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the parotid gland originate in what ganglion?

Answer 12

Otic ganglion via the Auriculotemporal Nerve (V3)

Question 13

The nerve supplying preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion exits the skull through what ganglion?

Answer 13

Foramen ovale (lesser petrosal nerve)

Question 14

If the major sensory nerve connected to the cilary ganglion is lost, what would be the symptom?

Answer 14

Loss of corneal reflex (via loss of long ciliary nerve from Nasociliary branch of V1)

Question 15

If there is a lesion between the zygomatic branch of V2 and the lacrimal nerve of V1, what fibers to the lacrimal gland are lost?

Answer 15

Postganglionic PNS fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion (*Note: fibers of origin: greater petrosal nerve of CN VII)

Question 16

The submandibular ganglion is suspended from what nerve branch?

Answer 16

Lingual nerve of V3

Question 17

Taste fibers from the chorda tympani have their cells of origin in what ganglion?

Answer 17

Geniculate ganglion (of CN VII)

Question 18

From what ganglion do the nasopalatine nerve and posterior nasal branches receive their postganglionic parasympathetic fibers?

Answer 18

Pterygopalatine ganglion (from pre-PNS fibers of greater petrosal nerve)

Question 19

If the greater petrosal nerve is lesioned before it synapses in the pterygopalatine ganglion, what types of fibers to the greater and lesser palatine nerves would be lost?

Answer 19

1. Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion
2. Taste fibers from (CNVII)

Question 20

If the greater petrosal nerve is lesioned (hint: but NOT its counterpart in the pterygoid canal) before it synapses in the pterygopalatine ganglion, what types of fibers to the greater and lesser palatine nerves WOULD still be received?

Answer 20

1. Postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the deep petrosal nerve (originally from internal carotid plexus)
2. General sensory fibers from the trigeminal nerve (V2 - maxillary division)

Question 21

If the glossopharyngeal nerve branch to the otic ganglion is cut, what type of fibers does the parotid gland lose?

Answer 21

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers

Question 22

Glands in the nasal cavity and palate no longer have parasympathetic function. What ganglion would these fibers have originated from?

Answer 22

Pterygopalatine - suspended from Maxillary Division