Exam 2 Review

Question 1

A branch of what nerve can cause earache from an ear infection via the sensory fibers it supplies to the tympanic cavity? Through what foramen does this nerve exit the skull?

Answer 1

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CNIX) supplies a tympanic branch which exits through the jugular foramen.
Note: this nerve contains all of the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of CNIX. It also supplies the tonsillar region, which can cause referred pain to the middle ear.

Question 2

The long ciliary nerve, a major sensory nerve to the eyeball - notably the cornea (plus corneal reflex) - and the dorsum of the nose, is a branch of what nerve?

Answer 2

Nasociliary nerve (of Ophthalmic Nerve CN V1)

Question 3

The lacrimal nerve of V1 receives what type of fibers from the zygomatic branch of maxillary nerve (V2)? In what ganglion does this occur?

Answer 3

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion.

Question 4

What two nerves pass through the inferior orbital fissure?

Answer 4

Infraorbital nerve and vessels; zygomatic nerve

Question 5

The stylohyoid muscle is innervated by what nerve?

Answer 5

CNVII (facial nerve)

Question 6

The maxillary division of the CNV enters the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus and passes through what foramina to enter the pterygopalatine fossa?

Answer 6

Foramen rotundum

Question 7

In the pterygopalatine fossa, the maxillary division (CNV2) receives taste and preganglionic PNS fibers from what nerve?

Answer 7

Greater petrosal nerve (from facial nerve CN VII)

Question 8

Cells of origin of the taste fibers supplying the mucous membrane of the hard and soft palates, and taste fibers in the roof of the mouth, are found in what ganglion?

Answer 8

Geniculate ganglion

Question 9

The greater and lesser palatine nerves receive postganglionic sympathetic fibers from a nerve that travels through what formina? What is the nerve involved in transmitting these SNS fibers?

Answer 9

The deep petrosal nerve, which travels through the pterygoid canal.

Question 10

Numbness in the oropharynx from the removal of palatine tonsils indicates a lesion of what nerve?

Answer 10

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) - tonsillar branch

Question 11

Irritation of what nerve may initiate a cough reflex or nausea via its supply to the external surface of the tympanic membrane?

Answer 11

The auricular branch of the vagus nerve (this supplies the external ear)

Question 12

Which nerve contains pre-PNS fibers?
A) Deep petrosal of CN VII
B) Zygomatic branch of V2
C) Pharyngeal branch of V2
D) Tympanic branch of CN IX
E) Nasopalatine branch of V2

Answer 12

The tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal contains pre-parasympathetic fibers.

Question 13

Which branch arising from the maxillary nerve lacks parasympathetic fibers?
A) Zygomatic branch
B) Orbital branch
C) Superior alveolar nerves
D) Infraorbital nerve

Answer 13

The infraorbital nerve lacks parasympathetic fibers (none go to the skin, except in the genitalia).

Question 14

What artery and nerve pair is found in the digastric triangle?

Answer 14

The facial artery and hypoglossal nerve

Question 15

The long buccal nerve provides what type of fibers to the buccinator muscle? What nerve does this originate from?

Answer 15

Sensory fibers (from CNV3 mandibular division)

Question 16

The buccal branch of the facial nerve (CN VII) provides what type of fibers to the buccinator muscle?

Answer 16

Motor (efferent) fibers

Question 17

The mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve leaves the skull through what foramina before entering the infratemporal fossa?

Answer 17

Foramen ovale

Note: in the infratemporal fossa, the mandibular division connects to the otic ganglion

Question 18

Where do the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of the greater petrosal nerve synapse (i.e. where do they end) ?

Answer 18

The pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 19

The chorda tympani departs from the facial nerve right before the facial nerve reaches what foramina?

Answer 19

Stylomastoid foramen

Question 20

The chorda tympani leaves the tympanic cavity through the petrotympanic fissure and joins the lingual nerve (of the mandibular division). Its preganglionic PNS fibers synpse with postganglionic PNS neurons in what ganglion?

Answer 20

The submandibular ganglion

Question 21

From what ganglion does the Auriculotemporal nerve deliever postganglionic PNS fibers to the parotid gland?

Answer 21

Otic ganglion

Question 22

What nerve is closely related to the 3rd molar tooth, and is easily compromised in tooth extractions such as wisdom teeth?

Answer 22

Lingual nerve

Question 23

Pain in the maxillary sinus comes from what nerve pair?

Answer 23

Superior alveolar nerves and infraorbital nerve (of Maxillary nerve V2)

Question 24

A tumor in the parotid gland endangers what vessels?

Answer 24

The external carotid artery and the retromandibular vein

Question 25

The opening of what duct is found at the vestibule of the mouth?

Answer 25

Parotid duct (opposite the second molar tooth)

Question 26

Depressing the mandible against resistance involves what muscle?

Answer 26

The digastric muscle

Question 27

Salivary secretion from the submandibular gland and sublingual gland would be interrupted by a tumor in what foramina?

Answer 27

Petrotympanic fissure

Question 28

From superficial to deep, the major structures in the parotid gland are:

Answer 28

1. The facial nerve (superficial)
2. Retromandibular vein
3. External carotid artery
4. Auriculotemporal nerve (deep)

Question 29

The prime mover in protracting the mandible is the ______ muscle.

Answer 29

Lateral pterygoid; assisted by the superficial heads of the masseter and medial pterygoid

Question 30

The prime mover in retracting the mandible is the ____ muscle.

Answer 30

Posterior fibers of the temporalis muscle

Question 31

From lateral to medial, what three structures are found superficial to the hyoglossus muscle of the tongue?

Answer 31

1. Sublingual gland (lateral)
2. Submandibular duct
3. Lingual nerve (medial)