Exam 3 Flashcards
What fiber is predominantly in cartilage
mostly collagen- which retains water for reslience
Is cartilage avascular or vascular
avascular
How is cartilage built ?
Cartilage is built and maintained by chondrocytes that live in small cavities called lacunae within the extracellular matrix.
How is cartilage maintained?
the shape of cartilage is maintained by the perichondrium-
Perichondrium
dense irregular tissue surrounding the cartilage, and also supplies nutrients and water
What are the three types of cartilage
Hyaline , Elastic, and fibrocartilage
What is the appearance of hyaline cartilage
frosted glass when freshly exposed
what is the function of saline cartilage
provides support with flexibility and resilience
what is the most abundant type of skeletal cartilage?
hyaline
what shape of chondrocytes are found in hyaline cartilage
spherical
what type of fiber is found in the matrix of hyaline cartilage
fine collagen fibers
where are the 4 skeletal locations of hyaline cartilage
- articular- covering the ends of bones at movable joints.
- costal- connects the ribs to the sternum
- respiratory- forms the skeleton of the larynx (voice box) and reinforces other respiratory passageways.
- nasal cartilage- supports the external nose
Elastic Cartilage
resembles hyaline but they contain more stretchy elastic fibers and are better able to stand up to repeated bending.
What skeletal locations can you find elastic cartilage
- external ear
* epiglottis- the flab that bend to cover the opening of the larynx each time we swallow.
Fibrocartilage
highly compressible with great tonsil strength
What is fibrocartilage composed of?
roughly parallel rows of chondrocytes alternating wth thick collagen fibers.
Where does fibrocartilage occur
in sites that are subject to both pressure and stretch, such as the bad like cartilages
what are the skeletal locations of fibrocartilage?
- menisci of the knee
- vertebral Discs
- Pubic Symphysis
How does Cartilage grow?
*Unlike bone, cartilage has a flexible matrix which can accommodate mitosis
Cartilage grows in two ways
- Appositional growth
- Interstitial growth
appositional growth
cartilage- forming cells in the surrounding perichondrium secrete new matrix against the external face of the existing cartilage tissue
interstitial growth
the lacunae bound chondrocytes divide and secrete new matrix, expanding the cartilage from within.
when does cartilage growth end?
typically ends during adolescence when the skeleton stops growing
Calcified Cartilage
during normal bone growth in youth and during old age cartilage can become calcified due to deposits of calcium salts- still does not become bone
How are bones classified
into the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton