exam 3

Question 1

“Social Stratification” is a concept that refers to:

Answer 1

system by which a society ranks and categorizes people in a hierarchy

Question 2

because of social stratification in the United States some people have more…

Answer 2

mobility?

Question 3

Sandar lives in a village with a caste system. His social position is mostly the result of:

Answer 3

little change in social position and mobility

Question 4

the concept of “meritocracy” refers to social stratification:

Answer 4

based on personal merit

Question 5

according to Davis and Moore, inequality promotes productivity by:

Answer 5

better paying jobs, that require extensive education, training, and expense

Question 6

the concept “absolute poverty” refers to:

Answer 6

life threatening lack of resources, lack of nutrition necessary for health and longer survival

Question 7

“neocolonialism” refers to the process by which:

Answer 7

economic relationships between rich and poor nations continue colonial pattern of domination

Question 8

modernization theory claims that:

Answer 8

rich societies produce wealth through capital investments and new technology

Question 9

dependency theory claims that poor nations were ___________ by rich nations

Answer 9

underdeveloped

Question 10

Wallerstein’s term for middle-income countries of the world?

Answer 10

semi-perphery

Question 11

the global region that has seen the greatest reduction of poverty is:

Answer 11

Asia

Question 12

gender refers to:

Answer 12

the personal traits and social positions that members of a society attach to being female or male

Question 13

in global perspective, women’s social power (compared to men’s) is lowest in societies on which continent?

Answer 13

Israeli Kibbutz?

Question 14

the “beauty myth” refers to the idea that:

Answer 14

society teaches women to measure their worth in terms of physical appearance

Question 15

“pink-collar” work refers to what types of jobs?

Answer 15

administrative, service work (food, child care, health care), secretary jobs

Question 16

the concept “comparable worth” refers to the idea that:

Answer 16

“equal pay for equal worth”

ex: should women be paid for raising children at home

Question 17

which concept refers to “an invisible, yet real barrier that prevents many women from rising beyond middle-management positions?

Answer 17

glass ceiling

Question 18

intersection theory focuses on:

Answer 18

the interplay of race, class, gender, often resulting in multiple dimensions of disadvantage

Question 19

what type of feminism accepts the basic organization of U.S. society, but seeks to give women the same rights and opportunities as men?

Answer 19

basic feminism/liberal

Question 20

what type of feminism links that social disadvantages of women to the capitalist economic system?

Answer 20

socialist feminism

Question 21

what type of feminism seeks to end patriarchy by eliminating the idea of gender itself?

Answer 21

radical feminism

Question 22

“crime” differs from “deviance” in that crime:

Answer 22

deviance-the recognized violation of cultural norms

crime-violation of society’s formally enacted criminal law

Question 23

In Robert Merton’s strain theory, which of the following concepts correctly describes a person who gets rich by committing fraud while working at a bank?

Answer 23

they don’t work for things

Question 24

Edwin Sutherland’s differential association theory links deviance to:

Answer 24

depends on the amount of contact with others who encourage or reject…

Question 25

according to the social-conflict approach, what a society labels as deviant is based mostly on what?

Answer 25

depends on which categories of people hold power in society

Question 26

what is the term for crime committed by persons of high social position in the course of doing their jobs?

Answer 26

white-collar crime

Question 27

which concept refers to illegal actions of a corporation or people acting on its behalf?

Answer 27

corporate crime

Question 28

a hate crime is defined as:

Answer 28

criminal act against a person of a person is property by an offender motivated by racial or other bias

Question 29

“social stratification” is a concept that refers to:

Answer 29

a system by which a society ranks and categorizes people in a hierarchy

Question 30

Sandar lives in a village with a caste system. His social position is mostly a result of what trait?

Answer 30

has to be born into it/ marry up

little change in social position and mobility

Question 31

according to Davis and Moore, inequality promotes productivity how?

Answer 31

better paying jobs, that require extensive education, training, and expense

Question 32

the concept “absolute poverty” refers to:

Answer 32

life threatening, lack of resources, lack the nutrition necessary for health and long term survival

Question 33

gender refers to:

Answer 33

the personal traits and social positions that members of society attach to being female or male

Question 34

what is the form of social organization in which females dominate males?

Answer 34

matriarchy

Question 35

what percentage of today’s U.S. married women with children under the age of six are in the labor force?

Answer 35

59%

Question 36

the “beauty myth” refers to the idea that:

Answer 36

society teaches women to measure their worth in terms of physical appearance

Question 37

what are some reasons why women are seen as a minority in the United States?

Answer 37

“nurtures’

Question 38

Intersection theory focuses on:

Answer 38

the interplay of race, class, and gender, often resulting in multiple dimension of disadvantage

Question 39

what type of feminism accepts the basic organization of U.S. society, but seeks to give women the same rights and opportunities as men?

Answer 39

basic feminism/ liberal feminism

Question 40

what type of feminism seeks to end patriarchy by eliminating the idea of gender itself?

Answer 40

radial feminism