Exam 3

Question 1

The energy for waves comes from

Answer 1

the winds

Question 2

Most beaches have the largest waves in the

Answer 2

winter

Question 3

The horizontal distance from one wave crest to the next crest is the

Answer 3

wavelength

Question 4

Wave base for a wave is equal to

Answer 4

half the wavelegth

Question 5

The energy of waves is concentrated on points and headlands by the process of

Answer 5

refraction

Question 6

The circular motions of the water beneath a wave are called

Answer 6

orbitals

Question 7

Seawalls can cause increased erosion by causing waves to

Answer 7

reflect

Question 8

A pair of structures projecting out from the coast and intended to keep a harbor mouth open are

Answer 8

jetties

Question 9

Beach erosion is greater problem today than in the past mainly because of

Answer 9

Most rivers are damned, cutting off the supply of new sand

Question 10

The greatest loss of sand from beachse occurs as

Answer 10

the sand flows down submarine canyons

Question 11

If a groin is built then there will be

Answer 11

some deposition on the side that the longshore current is coming from but an equal amount of erosion on the down-current side

Question 12

Between the berm and the seasliffs you would find what part of the beach

Answer 12

Backshore

Question 13

Between the foreshore and the backshore of a beach you will find

Answer 13

the berm

Question 14

Larger waves will cause more sand to be stored in which part of a beach

Answer 14

Offshore

Question 15

Sand is transported along th ebeach by

Answer 15

littoral drift

Question 16

in the winter beaches are

Answer 16

Steeper

Question 17

Wave erosion can produce

Answer 17

sea arches

Question 18

A sand bar that runs parallel to the coastline may form what type of island

Answer 18

barrier

Question 19

A sand bar attached to the coast on one end is called

Answer 19

spit

Question 20

A tied island is connected to the coast by a sandbar called

Answer 20

tombolo

Question 21

A series of marine terraces indicates

Answer 21

the coasline is uplifted

Question 22

The steepest part of a continental margin is the

Answer 22

continental slope

Question 23

At the bottom of a continental slope, you would expect to find

Answer 23

Continental shelf

Question 24

Submarine telephone cables are most commonly broken by

Answer 24

turbidity currents

Question 25

An ophiolite is thought to be

Answer 25

a slice of ocean crust

Question 26

Which is not part of an ophilite sequence

Answer 26

rhyolite

Question 27

the deepest part of the oceans are the

Answer 27

trenches

Question 28

Submarine canyons are carved out by

Answer 28

turbidity currents

Question 29

A rift valley is found in what part of an ocean

Answer 29

mid ocean-ridges

Question 30

Sediment that settles through the water column is called

Answer 30

pelagic

Question 31

The features that cross the ridges at right angles are

Answer 31

fracture zone

Question 32

The movements of the turbidity currents following the 1929 quake are known because of

Answer 32

broken telephone cables

Question 33

The shelf break is the boundry between the continental shelf and the

Answer 33

Continental slope

Question 34

A structure that has dips away form it on all sides is a

Answer 34

dome

Question 35

A fold with both limbs dipping towards the axis is a

Answer 35

syncline

Question 36

A good example of a "sag pond" is

Answer 36

Lake Elsinore

Question 37

A break in rocks where there has not been relative motion is called a

Answer 37

joint

Question 38

If a syncline on a geologic mapforms a nose pointing towards the north is a plunging to the

Answer 38

south

Question 39

The side of a fault surface is called the

Answer 39

foot wall

Question 40

A thrust fault is a type of

Answer 40

reverse fault

Question 41

The faults that result from compressional stress are

Answer 41

reverse

Question 42

Normals faults would be most important at what type of plate boundary

Answer 42

diverging

Question 43

Which of the following mountains formed as "pressure ridges" at a bend in the San andreas fault

Answer 43

San Gabriel

Question 44

The "big bend" in the Sand Andreas fault is near the intersection of the San Adreas and

Answer 44

Garlock Fault

Question 45

The epicenter of an earthquake, by definition, must always be at the

Answer 45

Surface of the earth

Question 46

The largest earthquake likely to occur in Southern California is expected to be on the

Answer 46

San Andreas Fault

Question 47

The odds of getting aftershocks after a large quake are

Answer 47

100%

Question 48

The Richter scale measures

Answer 48

energy released in an earthquake

Question 49

If the P and S waves arrive at almost the same time it means that

Answer 49

the epicenter is nearby

Question 50

The seismic waves produced by a magnitude 8 quake will be how many times larger than the ones produced by a magnitude 5 earthquake?

Answer 50

1000

Question 51

A magnitude 8 earthquake will release how many times the energy of a mag 5 quake

Answer 51

27,000

Question 52

An earthquake that caused toatl destruction in an area would have a Mercalli intensity of

Answer 52

XII

Question 53

Having water between the grains of sediment increases the chances of liquefaction

Answer 53

liquefaction

Question 54

A seismic gap is

Answer 54

A segment of an active fault where an eathquake has not occurred in a long time

Question 55

The typical height of a tsunami in the open ocean is

Answer 55

2-3 feet

Question 56

Tsunamis travel at a speed of about

Answer 56

500mph

Question 57

Large seawalls have been built to protect towns from tsunami in

Answer 57

Japan

Question 58

Tsunamis

Answer 58

can be a serious threat to coastal areas after an earthquake

Question 59

The area of the USA that is most at risk for a subduction zone earthquake and tsunamis is

Answer 59

Washington and Oregon