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abnormal psych > exam 3 > Flashcards

exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

`stress disorders in dsm 5

A

acute stress disorder
post-traumatic stress disorder

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2
Q

interpersonal trauma

A

pain is inflicted upon you

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3
Q

non interpersonal trauma

A

natural disorder

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4
Q

witness vs experienced

A

witness - you watched it happen
experienced - you were involved, happened to you

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5
Q

biere and spinazzola continumm of trauma

A

less complex= event occurred in adulthood, single event, contained event, health nervous system, healthy childhood development

more complex = event occurred in childhood, multiple events, chronic trauma, unhealthy nervous system, unhealthy childhood development, stigmatized form of trauma

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6
Q

which 2 disorders have the same symptoms but different durations

A

PTSD and acute stress disorder

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7
Q

PTSD criteria

A
  1. trauma
  2. intrusive symptoms
  3. avoidance of things related to trauma
  4. alterations in cognitions and mood
  5. occurs for more than a month
  6. must cause clincally significant distress or impairment
  7. cant be attributed to substance use or other medical conditions
  8. alterations in arousal and reactivity
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8
Q

common traumas for PTSD

A

combat, natural disasters, accidents, vicitimization, terroism

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9
Q

risk factors for stress disorders

A

survivors biological process
personalities
childhood experiences - trauma, poverty
social support systems
severity of trauma
high risk personality

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10
Q

neurotransmitter affected by stress disorders

A

norephephrine

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11
Q

hormone affected by stress disorder

A

cortisol

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12
Q

brain region affected by stress disorder

A

amygdala and hippocampus

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13
Q

PTSD treatment

A

empowerment
ending physiological stress reactions
gaining perspective on experience
increasing ability to move on

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14
Q

biological treatments of stress disorders

A

SSRIs
therapy
anti anxiety
relaxation training

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15
Q

add on treatment

A

yoga and animal-assisted therapy
trauma-informed treatments

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16
Q

somatic disorders

A

disorders focusing on somatic (physical symptoms)
-symptoms caused by psychological factors
or actual somatic symptoms cause excessive anxiety concern

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17
Q

both somatic and dissociative disorders

A

both occur from stress
both involve escape from stress
both can co occur
treatments are similar

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18
Q

malingering

A

intentionally fake or exaggerating symptoms to gain something external or avoid something external

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19
Q

disorders focusing on somatic symptoms

A
  1. factitious disorder - faking symptoms or illness
  2. factitious disorder imposed on another- munchausen by poroxy
  3. conversion disorder - physical symptoms but no explanation
  4. somatic symptom disorder
  5. illness anxiety disorder
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20
Q

conversion DSM criteria

A
  1. one or more symptoms of altered voluntary motor or sensroy function
  2. clinical findings provide evidence of incompatability between the symptom and recognized neurological or medical condition
  3. symptom not better explained by another physical or mental condition
  4. causes distress or impairment or warrants medical evaluation
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21
Q

common symptoms of conversion disorder

A

weakness in limbs, impaired vision
very hard to diagnosis = 1. distinguish, 2. distinguish from other disorders 3. distinguish from other medical conditions
- common in women
- typically appears suddenly at times of stress
- age onset is typically late childhood and young adult

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22
Q

la belle indifference

A

those with disorder are unusually unconcerned with their symptoms

23
Q

conversion disorder causes

A

primary gain = keeping unconscious conflict unconcious
secondary gain = extra stuff (attention, relief from responsbilites

24
Q

behavioral view of causes of conversion disorder

A

positive and negative reinforcement

25
Q

cognitive view of conversion disorder

A

symptoms are a way of expressing difficult emotions

26
Q

multicultural view of conversion disorder

A

somatic symptoms are a valid way of dealing with emotion, this is normal in many non western cultures

27
Q

brain functioning theory

A

compared brain function of people with conversion disorder and those without
- look at motor-related symptoms
-different areas of brain light up if you are faking and those who actually experience symptoms

28
Q

Treatment of conversion disorder

A

psychodynamic theory
suggestion
confrontation
behavioral exposure therapy
drug therapy
reinforcment

29
Q

dissociative disorders are

A

disruption in our identity and memories
- sometimes people experience a disruption memory

30
Q

dissociative amnesia

A

loss of memory due to trauma, stress, inability to recall info that we should remember

31
Q

dissociative fugue

A

extreme form of amnesia - dont know who you are , where you are etc

32
Q

DID symptoms

A
  1. disruption in identity
  2. recurrent gaps in recall of everyday events, important personal information
    and traumatic events
  3. distress impairment
  4. not due to substance use or another medical condition
33
Q

DID onset

A

diagnosis late adolescence or early adulthood
onset before age 5
mostly women diagnosed
-formally personality disorder

34
Q

psychodynamic cause of DID

A

repression of memories
research - doesnt explain why people who experience trauma go this route and others dont

35
Q

behavioral view of DID

A

operant conditioning - momentary forgetting trauma is met with unpleasant feeling going away
- negative reinforcement

36
Q

state dependent learning (rigid memory system)

A

memories are easier to remember when we are in the same state the event occured

37
Q

DID treatment steps

A
  1. recognizing the disorder
  2. recovery memories
  3. integrating subpersonalities
  4. coping and maintenance
38
Q

DSM 5 criteria for depersonalization/derealization

A

recurrent episodes of unreality, detachment, or being outside oberver
- distress or impairment
- not due to something else

39
Q

derealization

A

detachment with respect to surroundings
- can be part of PTSD and panic disorder

40
Q

Treatment for Depersonalization

A

medication doesnt help
-mindfulness
- elevating depression and anxiety - can use medicine

41
Q

eating disorders

A

anorexia, binge eating disorder, bullimia nervosa

42
Q

eating disorder NOS

A

when you don’t fit categories but there is clearly a problem

43
Q

anorexia nervosa criteria

A

restriction of energy intake relative to what is needed
-intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, or engage in behaviors that interfere with appropriate weight gain
-associated with low body fat

44
Q

anorexia characteristics

A

mostly female between 14-18 yrs
recovery is 1/3 rule - 1/3 recover, 1/3 recovery and relapse, 1/3 dont recover

45
Q

bullimia nervosa criteria

A

recurrent episodes of binge eating (excessive eating and feeling out of control)
- recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain - purging, excessive exercise or periods of fasting

46
Q

bulimia charateristics

A

mostly females age 15-21 yrs
may last for several years
can come as a response to high stress situation

47
Q

eating disorder health issues

A

nutritional issues
anorexia complications - most issues come from low body weight, stop menstrating and slow HR
bulimia complications - back and forth relationship is problamatic, poor dental health, stomach issues, dehydration

48
Q

similarities between bulimia and anorexia

A

depression, anxiety, self esteem
perfectionism
OCD
control
increase suicide risk
begin after dieting

49
Q

bulimia has

A

decrease impulse control
decrease frustration tolerance
increase mood swings
increase irriability

50
Q

eating disorder causes

A
  1. psychodynamic: unconscious conflict and early experience - parents fail to meet accurate needs
  2. cognitive theory - misinterpretation of the world around you - self judgement is based on the size and shape of your body
  3. depression - eating disorders are a type of manifestation of depression
  4. societal pressures - sociocultural and gender
51
Q

biological cause of eating disorders

A

genetics

52
Q

treatment for eating disorders

A
  1. address medical needs
  2. psychological treatment - family therapy, individual therapy, group therapy
  3. multidisciplinary - therapy + other doctors involved too
53
Q

bulimia treatment

A

eliminate purge treatments
establish good eating habits

54
Q

relapse in bulimia is most common in

A
  1. people with a history of symptoms
  2. self induce vomiting as a compensatory behavior
  3. history of substance abuse
  4. have lingering interpersonal difficulties

abnormal psych (5 decks)

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