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SRNAPharmacology I > Exam 2SUPP > Flashcards

Exam 2SUPP Flashcards

1
Q

Which type of class I:slow the rate of action potential rise and prolong ventricular effective refractory period

A

Type IA

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2
Q

Antiarrhythmic drug with antimalarial and antipyretic effects

A

Quinidine

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3
Q

Pharmacokinetic characteristics of quinidine gluconate

A

Rapid oral Absorption

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4
Q

Quinidine antiarrhythmic activity

A

activated sodium channel blockade
depression of conduction velocity
reduced excitability

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5
Q

Quinidine Effects on QT

A

PROLONGED

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6
Q

Quinidine major clinical use

A

AFIB

AFLUTTER

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7
Q

Quinidine is effective in suppressing__________ tachyarrhythmias due to _______

A

supraventricular Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome:

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8
Q

In management of atrial fibrillation: the purpose of administering digitalis before quinidine gluconate

A

digitalis enhances vagal tone and reduces AV nodal transmission

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9
Q

Prominent quinidine-mediated actions at receptors:

A

muscarinic, cholinergic antagonist

alpha adrenergic antagonist

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10
Q

quinidine effect on heart rate – mechanism

A

increased – antimuscarinic effects

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11
Q

Quinidine - Side Effects (CHIT)

A

Cinchonism
HYPOTENSION
Immune –> LUPUS
T achycardia

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12
Q

Quinidine ____warfarin levels which increases

bleeding risk

A

increases

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13
Q

Quinidine ________ digoxin plasma concentration– may cause

A

increases; toxicity

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14
Q

***QUINIDINE and NEUROMUSCULAR Transmission

A
  1. Enhances the effect of neuromuscular-blocking drugs

2. Skeletal muscle paralysis postoperatively may reoccur with quinidine administration

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15
Q

Antiarrhythmic drug: long-term use associated with a lupus-related side effect:

A

PROCAINAMIDE

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16
Q

Antiarrhythmic drug with more antimuscarinic activity:

A

QUINIDINE

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17
Q

More likely to be administered by IV infusion:-Effective in suppression of ___________and paroxysmal ___________ is this drug _____

A

premature ventricular contractions ;ventricular tachycardia:

PROCAINAMIDE

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18
Q

Intravenous quinidine is rarely used due to causing

A

vasodilation and myocardial depression

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19
Q

Antiarrhythmic: Electrophysiological basis for increasing heart rate:

A

increased slope of phase 4 depolarization

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20
Q

Triggered automaticity: associated with significant action potential duration prolongation

A

Early afterdepolarization

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21
Q

Factors that reduce resting membrane potential

A

sodium pump blockade
ischemic cells damage
hyperkalemia

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22
Q

Principal ion responsible for action potentials in specialized conducting SA nodal and AV nodal tissues:

A

Calcium

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23
Q

Most common cardiac conduction abnormality leading to arrhythmias:

A

re-entry

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24
Q 
mexiletine (Mexitil) is a 
Flecainamide
To and PRO cainamide
Amiodarone
Quinidine
A

Sodium channel blocker

25
Q

Action potential prolonging agent

A

Bretylium

Ibutilide

26
Q

amine analog lidocaine; suitable for oral administration

A

Mexiletine

27
Q

Effective in suppression of ventricular arrhythmias associated with digitalis toxicity

A

Phenytoin

28
Q

Anesthesia consideration for AmIO

A

Anesthesia Considerations: lowest O2 concentration
possible during anesthetic delivery to prevent the
formation of free O2 radicales

29
Q

Shortens QT interval more than any other antiarrhythmic drug, but with no significant effect on ST-T waves or QRS complex

A

PHENYTOIN

30
Q

Corneal microdeposits (which often are asymptomatic)
leading to optic neuropathy and/or neuritis and visual
impairment

A

Amiodarone

31
Q

Pulmonary Fibrosis

A

Amiodarone

32
Q

Amiodarone and Digoxin

A

amiodarone displaces digoxin from protein binding sites digoxin levels: may increase as much as 70%

33
Q

Amiodarone inhibits the __________________

leading to dangerous elevations in INR

A

hepatic metabolism of warfarin

34
Q

An antiarrhythmic drug: 37 percent iodine by weight – structurally similar to thyroxine

A

Amiodarone

35
Q

Major non-cardiac side effect associated with lidocaine administration:

A

CNS

36
Q

Which drug subclass of class I antiarrhythmic agents mainly shorten the cardiac action potential duration and some cardiac tissues and exhibit “RAPID KINETICS describing drug dissociation from the channel.

A

Class IC

37
Q

Example(s) of (an) antiarrhythmic drug(s) that do not fit the Class 1 - Class 4 categorization include(

A

Magnesium

Adenosime

38
Q

Class I antiarrhythmic drugs affect primarily this ion-channel

A

Sodium

39
Q

Drugs associated with this antiarrhythmic drug class mainly block cardiac calcium currents. These agents are associated with reduced (slower) conduction in specialized cardiac tissue such as the SA and AV nodes where the action potential upstroke is dependent on Calcium channel activation.

A

CLASS 4

40
Q

exhibit limited effects on the cardiac action potential duration and show “SLOW KINETICS” with respect to drug-receptor dissociation.

A

Class IC

41
Q

Drugs associated with this antiarrhythmic drug class are associated with cardiac action potential duration prolongation.

A

CLASS III

42
Q

agents mainly increase action potential duration and exhibit “INTERMEDIATE KINETICS” in dissociation from the channel

A

CLASS IA

43
Q

Prolongation of the cardiac action potential duration

Often block the fast component of the delayed rectifier potassium current, IKr.

A

CLASS III

44
Q

Dofetilide may be effective and safely used for atrial fibrillation conversion and recurrence prevention even in patients with congestive heart failure.

A

True

45
Q

Dofetilide used to treat

Donederane used to treat

A

Afib

Aflutter

46
Q

Dofetilide belongs to which class of antiarrhythmic drugs?

A

Class 3

47
Q

Choose the correct statement(s) concerning the pharmacology of dofetilide.

A

Dofetilide is classified as a pure IKr antagonist.

48
Q

Side effect/effects associated with activation of extrapulmonary ß-adrenergic receptors due to sympathomimetic amines used in treating asthma:

A

Tachycardia
Hypokalmeia
VQ mistmatch

49
Q

Theophylline is considered________ when compared with inhaled ß2 agonists in causing bronchodilation

A

less effective

50
Q

Theophylline appears to exhibit not only a bronchodilator effect but also

A

an anti-inflammatory effect in asthma.

51
Q

T/F

A

IV aminophylline has been used in treatment of acute, severe asthma..

52
Q

Dopamine (Intropin) -mediated renal vasodilation is caused by which receptor(s) system(s):

A

dopamine D1 and D2 postsynaptic receptors

53
Q

Cardiac effects of digitalis glycosides:

A

positive inotropism

54
Q

Agent of choice among the phosphodiesterase inhibitors for short term parenteral support in severe heart failure patients:

A

milrinone (Primacor)

55
Q

Adverse effects associated with clonidine (Catapres):

A

dry mouth
sedation
sexual dysfunction

56
Q

Mechanism by a which methoxamine might terminate paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia:

A

causes increased vagal tone through reflex activation – secondary to increase blood pressur

57
Q

Digoxin

A

Digoxin reduces cardiac automaticity and increases diastolic resting membrane potential in both atrial and atrioventricular nodes.
C. ? Digoxin extends the effect refractory. And reduces AV nodal tissue conduction velocity. These effects on nodal tissue may result in sinus bradycardia,, sinus arrest, or AV block.

58
Q

Bipyridines – phosphodiesterase inhibitors used in CHF:

A

Milrinone

SRNAPharmacology I (29 decks)

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