Exam 2.2 Flashcards
What is the fundamental basis of attraction?
attracted to ppl whose presence is rewarding to us
explain proximity in attraction
we like those that are near us.
select friends, enemies, from those around us
Explain how proximity is rewarding and distance is costly
relationships w/ distant partners is less satisfying then they would be if there were nearby
explain familiarity
in general, familiarity breeds attraction.
mere exposure to them increases liking
Explain the bias “what is beautiful is good”
assumption that attractive people have other desirable personal characteristics
why types of faces do we find beautiful
symmetrical faces w/ average features.
how does culture relate to attraction
standards of beauty fluctuate w/ changing economic and cultural conditions
what is the matching principal
people tend to pair w/ others of similar levels of beauty
explain reciprocity in attraction
we like those who like us
explain the balance theory and why its relatable to reciprocity in attraction
we desire consistency among thoughts, feelings, and relationships
Do opposites attract? why or why not
no.
- matching is a broad process.
- takes time for perceived similarity to be replaced w/ accuracy
- ppl are attracted to those who are mildly different from themselves but similar to their ideal selves.
- become more similar over time
- may favor different behavior but only if it complements our actions and helps us to reach goals
what is the psychological reactance theory
suggest ppl strive to restore lost freedom. “wanting things we can’t have”
what do men and women find attractive?
- warmth and loyalty
- attractiveness and vitality
- status and resources
explain social exchange
people seek max rewards at min cost
what are rewards and costs in social exchange
rewards gratifying, costs punishing. net profit/loss from interaction is the outcome.
what do we expect from our relationships
comparison levels reflect our expectations from interactions. when outcomes exceed CL = happy. when outcome fall below CL = not happy.
how well could we do elsewhere?
we judge other outcomes with our comparison level alternatives CLalts
what are 4 types of relationships
happy and stable
happy and unstable
unhappy and stable
unhappy and unstable
what is approach motivation
leads us to seek rewards
what is avoidance motivation
leads us to avoid costs
what does the relational turbulence model suggest
that new relationships usually encounter a lull when -partners adjust to their new status as established couples.
- decrease over first yrs of marriage
- lack of effort
- interdependence magnifies small irritations
- unwelcome surprises
- unrealistic expectations
explain exchange relationships and communal relationships
- exchange relationships are governed by a desire for immediate repayment of favors
- communal relationships involve selfless concern for another’s needs
what are 3 kinds of commitment
- personal
- constraint
- moral
what is relational value
the various amounts of acceptance/rejection from others that inform us of our relational value to others.
