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Cardiopulm > Exam 2 WTF I Do Not Know About RLD > Flashcards

Exam 2 WTF I Do Not Know About RLD Flashcards

1
Q

what happens to FEV1 FVC and FEV1/FVC in restricted Lund disease (RLD)

A

FEV1 reduced
FVC reduced
ratio: can RTS or increase

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2
Q

what happens to TLC in RLL

A

decreases

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3
Q

DLCO in RLL

A

reduced

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4
Q

intrinsic vs extrinsic RLL

A

intrinsic: decreased airway compliance, like the thickening or scarring of the inner tubes
extrinsic: reduced chest wall compliance, like obesity, deformities, scoliosis, trauma, burns

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5
Q

do occupational causes like asbestos, silicosis, coal minors have intrinsic or extrinsic RLD

A

intrinsic

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6
Q

what are the two idiopathic intrinsic RLDs

A

pulmonary fibrosis and sarcoidosis

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7
Q

do you have a dry or wet cough with intrinsic RLD

A

dry

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8
Q

what does a honeycomb on a CT mean

A

that there is probably fibrosis in the lungs

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9
Q

what does a 6MWT of less than 212 mean for prognosis

A

not great

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10
Q

what do you have if you have RLD with no known cause, destruction of alveoli and loss of capillaries, and less compliance.

A

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

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11
Q

what is a multi-system autoimmune disease that can cause interstitial fibrosis

A

Sarcoidosis

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12
Q

in what disease does it look like your upper lobes have nodules and egg shaped calcifications of the hilarity nodes

A

silicosis

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13
Q

what affects alveolar septa

A

hypersensitive pneumonitis

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14
Q

what are some things that came extrinsic RLD

A

SCI, burns, smoke, inhalation, facial burn and fires

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15
Q

how do post polio patients breath

A

the upper thorax will rise, and the abdominals with suck in

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16
Q

what do you have when BMI is over 30 and you have PaCO2 of less than 45 mmHg, and you have fat deposits over the chest wall that make it very hard to excursion, and therefore more work to breathe

A

obesity-hypoventilation syndrome (Pickwickian)

17
Q

what are the three big signs in obesity-hypoventilation or Pickwickian disease

A

BMI over 30
PaCO2 less than 45
sleep related apneas.

18
Q

how does obesity change TLC, VC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC

A

the TLC, VC and FEV1 are reduced,

the FEV1/FVC is usually spared

19
Q

what happens when you have pharyngeal muscles that do not maintain potency and you have a fall is SaO2 levels

A

obstructive sleep apnea.

20
Q

what do you have when you have narrowed airways with fatty deposits in the neck

A

you have obesity related asthma

21
Q

how do your Diagnose Pulmonary HTN

A

pressure over 25 mmHg at rest, and over 30 mmHg during exercise.

22
Q

what are the five groups of PHTN and what are the 3 most common

A 
pulmonary arterial HTN (PAH)
PHTN due to L ventricular dysfunction 
PHTN de to lung disease 
PHTN due to chronic blood clots 
and PHTN due to other diseases
23
Q

what might you have if you have dyspnea with exertion at rest, dull rostrosternal chest pain, narrowS2 splitting with loud P2 and right heart failure.

A

pulmonary HTN

24
Q

what is it when you have a rare, idiopathic dyspnea, with chest pain and syncope

A

PAH

25
Q

what might you have when you are tachycardia, tachypnea, scattered rales, post surgery and on bedrest, and overweight, and decreased breathe sounds

A

atelectasis

26
Q

when is atelectasis a problem in terms of developing pneumonia

A

over 72 hours.

27
Q

how can you prevent atelectasis

A

10 breaths per hour, early mobilization, chasing position and coughing

28
Q

what are the 4 phases of bacterial pneumonia

A
  1. congestion
  2. red hospitalization (fibrin and RBCs fill alveolar spaces, and looks reddish then neutrophils
  3. grey hospitalization (no new RBCs, and most are degraded.)
  4. resolution (al debris is cleared by neutrophils.
29
Q

what kind of pneumonia might you have with abrupt onset, fever, chills, nausea, apprehension, flaring and grunting, and pain

A

bacterial

30
Q

what type of pneumonia might you have with gradual onset, coughing without much mucus, malaise, wheeling, rales, nasal flaring

A

viral

31
Q

what is the difference between type I and type II acute respiratory failure

A

type 1: hypoxia without hypercapnia

type 2: hypoxia and hypercapnia

32
Q

what ribs are fractured with a high energy fracture

A

ribs 1-3

33
Q

what happens with a flail chest

A

this is when 3+ ribs breaks, or 1 ribs breaks in 2+ places, and you have the chest falling in with inspiration and falling out with expiration. there is unequal chest expansion

34
Q

what is a sucking chest

A

a pneumothorax

35
Q

in what way does the mediastinum shift when you have a pneumothorax

A

towards the contralateral side

36
Q

if you are spitting up blood, what are you likely to have

A

a PE

Cardiopulm (22 decks)

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