Exam 2 WTF Chest Exam Flashcards
what is normal chest excursion
2-3 inches
this is what you should feel when your hands are on the chest, and you feel vibrations with talking
tactile fremitus
how does fremitus change with consolidation and with pleural effusion
consolidation, fremitus increases
pleural effusion it decreases
what does normal percussion sound like
resonant, like tapping a table
what does increased and decreased density sound like when you are percussing
increasing density, sounds like banging on the quad.(consolidations and atelectasis)
decreased, sounds like tapping on puffed cheeks (emphysema)
what is purulent, yellow green and dirty sputum mean
inflammation of the cells in the airway, infection. like pneumonia
what does stringy mucoid mean
increased mucus plugs, like asthma
what does bloody streaked sputum mean
inhalation in the nose, gums, larynx, bronchi.
what does frothy pink sputum mean
alveoli and respiratory bronchioles are filled with fluid from the capillaries, like pulmonary edema
what does the sputum look like when you have pulmonary edema
frothy and pink
when do you have the most positive and negative pressures
positive: MEP
negative: MIP
what can affect pulse ox readings,
nails, bright light, nail polish, skin color, low perfusion, hypoxemia, CO poisoning,
when can’t you do spirometry
coughing blood, pneumothorax, unstable cardiovascular, eye surgery, vomiting
do you hear more inspiration or expiration in tracheal sounds
expiration
do you hear more inspiration or expiration in vesicular sounds
inspiration
what are some instances that you might hear absent or decreased breath sounds
with air or fluid in the lungs, overinflation, decreased flow or fat, thick walls
in what kind of sound will you hear increased sound in first? last?
vesicular, then bronchovesicular then bronchial
what is it called when you hear this: on inspiration, you hear Velcro, popping or the opening.closing of alveoli with compression by fluid
crackles
what are the types of cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic causes of crackers
cardiogenic: pulmonary edema from HF
Non: pneumonia and atelectasis
how are cardiogenic and noncardiogenic sounds resolved
cardiogenic with S/L
non with coughing
what happens when you hear things on expiration, like forcing air through narrow and collapsed airways
rhonchi (wheezes)
what is a wheeze like sound called that is caused by blockages or obstructions
stridor
foreign bodies and lesions and post nasal drip would cause what kind of sounds
stridor
asthma, mucus, inflammation, tumor or obstructing bodies cause what noises
wheezes Rhonchi
what happens when you hear a coarse leathery grating sound like rubbing a ballon in late inspiration and early expiration
plural rub
if there are unclear borders on the heart, both r and left sides, what can this mean
right side; middle lobe consolidation
left side: lingual
what happens if the right diaphragm is below the 6th rib
hyperinflation
when there is a menisci sign, there is…
fluid
what might bat wings on an x-ray be indicative of
from the hilum, pulmonary edema, HF, fluid overload, blood transfusion
which hilum should be higher the right or left
the left
how would pulmonary edema and pleural effusion differ with how they look on an x-ray
pulmonary edema would be Bilateral
Pleural effusion would be one lung.
