Exam 2 - Vocabulary Flashcards
in microbiology, an increase in cell number
Growth
cell division following the enlargement of a cell to twice its minimum size
Binary Fission
the time required for a population of microbial cells to double
Generation Time
a cell division process
whereby new cell material is produced from
a single point instead of along the entire cell
Budding Division
an attached polysaccharide matrix
containing bacterial cells
Biofilms
growth of a microbial
population in which cell numbers double
within a specific time interval
Exponential Growth
a closed-system microbial
culture of fixed volume
Batch Culture
a device that allows for the
continuous culture of microorganisms with independent control of both growth rate and cell number
Chemostat
a nutrient solution
required for growing a laboratory culture of
a specific microorganism
Culture Media
a culture medium for
which the exact composition is known
Defined Media
a culture medium of
highly nutritious substances for which the
exact composition is unknown
Complex Media
Aseptic Technique
a transporter that consists of only a membrane-
spanning protein and is typically driven by energy from the proton motive force
Simple Transport
an energy-dependent transport system in which the substance transported is chemically modified during the process of being transported by a series of proteins
Group Translocationport System
a membrane transport system consisting of three proteins, one of which hydrolyzes ATP; the system transports specific nutrients into the cell
ABC (ATP-binding-casette) Transport
biochemical reactions leading to energy
conservation (usually as ATP) by the cell
Catabolism
an organism that obtains its energy from the oxidation of organic compounds
Chemoorganotroph
an organism that can
grow with inorganic compounds as
electron donors in energy metabolism
Chemolithotroph