Exam 2: Thorax And Lungs

Question 1

Vesicular lung sounds

Answer 1

Soft Low pitched Heard during inspiration Heard during 1st third of expiration Heard over most of lung fields

Question 2

Bronchial lung sounds

Answer 2

Harsher, louder, higher in pitch Heard over trachea Heard over mainstem bronchi Expiratory sound last longer than inspiratory sound Silent gap may separate sounds

Question 3

Bronchovesicular lung sounds

Answer 3

Heard in 1st and 2nd interspaces anteriorly Heard between the scapulae posteriorly Have intermediate pitch and intensity Inspiratory and expiratory sounds equal induration and sounds separated by silent interval

Question 4

Crackles

Answer 4

Intermittent Non-musical Brief Heard in abnormalities of the lung parenchyma: pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung disease, atelectasis, and early heart failure; or of the airways: bronchitis, bronchiectasis

Question 5

Fine crackles

Answer 5

Soft High-pitched and very brief Location: usually bases of lower lobes Often accompany congestive heart failure Tip: sounds like rolling a strand of hair between thumb and index finger

Question 6

Coarse crackles

Answer 6

Louder Lower-pitched Longer Location: trachea and large bronchi Tip: sounds like separating a bel Velcro fastener

Question 7

Wheezes

Answer 7

High-pitched, continuous, musical Have hissing or shrill quality Created by narrowing of airways from swelling, secretions, or masses— Often suggest asthma, COPD, and bronchitis Location: all lung fields

Question 8

Rhonchi

Answer 8

Lower-pitched, continuous, snoring quality Arise from obstruction from thick secretions, muscular construction, or masses, secretions in large airways (bronchitis) Location: bronchi Tip: sounds like snoring or moaning

Question 9

Stridor

Answer 9

Loud, continuous, high-pitched crowing sound that is caused by upper airway obstruction. This is the most serious of the adventitious sounds and it requires immediate attention. Long crowing sounds. High-pitched. Location: trachea. Tip: usually audible without a stethoscope.

Question 10

External or middle ear disorder that impairs sound conduction to inner ear.

Answer 10

Conductive hearing loss

Question 11

Hearing improves in noisy environments

Answer 11

Conductive hearing loss

Question 12

Hearing worsens in loud environment

Answer 12

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Question 13

Causes of Senosrineural Hearing Loss

Answer 13

Loud noise exposure, inner ear infections, trauma, acoustic neuroma, congenital/familial and aging

Question 14

Patient has trouble understanding speech, often complains other mumble.

Answer 14

Sensorineural hearing loss

Question 15

What test detects unilateral conductive hearing loss, sound lateralized to impaired ear

Answer 15

Weber test

Question 16

The weber test is being used, and sound lateralizes to impaired ear, what kind of hearing loss is detected?

Answer 16

Unilateral conductive hearing loss

Question 17

The weber test is being used and the sound lateralizes to the good ear, what kind of hearing loss is detected?

Answer 17

Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss

Question 18

Testing of bone conduction, comparing air conduction to bone conduction?

Answer 18

Rinne Test

Question 19

Which test determines whether hearing loss is conductive or sensorineural?

Answer 19

Rinne Test

Question 20

BC=AC or BC>AC

Answer 20

Conductive hearing loss