Exam 2: Surgical Conditions of the URT

Question 1

What are the specific conditions

Answer 1

Brachycephalic airway syndrome
Cleft palate
Nasal Passage and sinuses
Laryngeal paralysis
Aerodigestive disorders

Question 2

What are the functions of the soft palate

Answer 2

Stimulation of sensory nerves-triggers swallowing
Closure of intrapharyngeal opening
Prevents food, liquid and vomitus entering nasopharynx

Question 3

What are the characteristics of the Larynx

Answer 3

Arytenoid cartilages abducted by the cricoarytenoid dorsalis muscle (CAD)
CAD is innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve
CAD inserts on the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage

Question 4

What are the 4 classical signs of BOAS

Answer 4

Stenotic nares
Elongated sort palate
Hypoplastic trachea
Everted laryngeal saccules (laryngeal collapse)

Question 5

List the stages of laryngeal collapse

Answer 5

Stage 1: Everted laryngeal saccules
Stage 2: Collapse of cuneiform/medially displaced
Stage 3: Collapse of corniculates/ventrally displaced

Question 6

What are the clinical signs of BOAS

Answer 6

Inspiratory dyspnea with noise
Hyperthermic
Anxious/stress
Increased abdominal effort
Cyanosis
Collapse
Stretch neck upwards
GI signs