Exam 2 Study Guide Flashcards
What is memory?
Persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information
What is encoding?
Creating a sort of code so that we can store the information later
What is storage?
The process of storing memories for later
What is retrieval ?
Getting information out of your memory when it is needed
What was Ebbinghaus’s study?
What did Frederic Bartlett think about memory studies?
That studies of memory should use familiar material
What did Frederic Bartlett use for his studies?
Used folk stories
What were Bartletts major findings?
People would remember the overall theme of the story but they would normally omit specific details
What is gist information?
Basic ideas or main points of a piece of discourse
What is verbatim information?
exact wording
What did Ebbinghaus discover in regard to list length?
Longer the list the more repetitions he had to do
What did Ebbinghaus discover in regard to savings?
rapid mastery of material that has been previously learned
What did Ebbinghaus discover in regard to overlearning?
additional study of already mastered material improves performance in delayed test
What is phonological store?
the passive sire component of the phonological loop that holds onto verbal information
What is an articulatory loop?
the part of the phonological loop involved in the active refreshing of information in the phonological store
What is the visual spatial sketch pad?
subsystem responsible for the storage and manipulation of visual and spatial information
What is the evidence for the visual spatial sketch pad?
mental rotation tasks
What are mental rotation tasks?
the findings that people take longer to make their judgements as the angular rotation increased
What is an episodic buffer?
the portion of working memory whereby information from different modalities and source s are bound together to form new episodic memories
What do episodic buffers organize?
information from the phonological and visuo-spatial subsystems with information from across the subsystems
What is central executive?
mechanism responsible for accessing the attentional needs to the different subsystems and furnishing attentional resources to those systems
What are the problems with Baddeley’s memory model?
Forgetting, episodic buffer, central executive, and competitive relation
What is the phonological loop responsible for?
recycling information through rehearsal
What are two state models?