exam 2 study guide

Question 1

mastery values

Answer 1

the idea that educated people using rational, knowledge and technology should rule others and nature

Question 2

clairvoyance

Answer 2

the supposed extrasensory power of an individual, that is, the power to see or feel objects or events that could not be perceived by the senses or measured objectively

Question 3

phrenology

Answer 3

theory connecting the size and shape of the brain with human behavior and the individual’s personality

Question 4

psychophysics

Answer 4

an exact science of the functional relations of dependency between body and mind

Developed by Gustav T. Fechner

Question 5

what does structural psych focus on?

Answer 5

structuralism states that the nature of psychological phenomena in mental elements

Question 6

second psychology

Answer 6

The psychological study of experiences that are incarnated in the brain and the nervous system and appear in the form of myths, fairy tales, and beliefs

Question 7

spiritualism

Answer 7

a belief that the living could correspond with the deceased through special channels of communication

Question 8

creationism

Answer 8

view that explains the creation of the universe and of all living organisms as an act of God

Question 9

eugenics

Answer 9

theory proposing to improve society by improving people’s hereditary features

Question 10

mary caulkin’s role

Answer 10

-mary calling believed that both structural and functional approaches could coexist and complement each other
- Developed a branch called “self-psychology that had 3 founding concepts

Question 11

recapitulation theory

Answer 11

maintains that a child goes through stages and critical periods of development With adolescence characterized by rapid mood changes, inner conflicts, and behavioral turmoil

In a way, adolescence is a new birth.

Question 12

social engineering

Answer 12

a general concept to describe the use of science by the government or other social institutions to improve society through policies.

Question 13

binet, simon-binet

Answer 13

created IQ and intelligence scale
- a test to measure the mental abilities of 15 year olds/teenagers

Question 14

what is lewis terman known for?

Answer 14

he standardized the scale used in the Simon–Binet using a large American sample, hence currently known as Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale

Question 15

hugo munsterberg’s contribution

Answer 15

made a contribution to psychology as a specialist in work efficiency

Question 16

taylorism

Answer 16

increased workers efficiency through training

Everything must be regulated: every operation, movement, and step

Question 17

galton

Answer 17

Galton coined the term eugenics in 1883

Galton was among the first to attempt to measure intelligence.

Galton was the first to conduct an empirical study of twins.

Question 18

madness

Answer 18

aka insanity or lunacy, referred to symptoms of two kinds:
either gross excessiveness or overwhelming deficiency of certain features in an individual’s behavior and experiences

Question 19

medicalization

Answer 19

look at the disorder and classify it and say you need treatment

Question 20

Kraepelin’s categorization included?

Answer 20

offered an early scientific classification (1883) of mental illness, which included 15 categories or groups among them:

Dementia praecox,
Manic-depressive insanity and
Paranoia

Question 21

nervous fatigue

Answer 21

exhaustion of the nervous system as a cause of abnormal psychological symptoms

Question 22

role of whitmer

Answer 22

founded one of the world’s first psychological clinics at the University of Pennsylvania in 1896

one of the first to use the term clinical psychology

Question 23

Emmanuel Church Healing Movement

Answer 23

People learned how to gain access to their psychological problems through the power of scientific knowledge and religious faith
- combined science and spirituality

Question 24

Who was lithium first used by?

Answer 24

Fritz lange, a danish psychiatrist, used lithium salts to treat biopolar

Question 25

psychological compounding

Answer 25

book

Question 26

Moral therapy

Answer 26

to return to a normal mental state, the patient should experience compassion and trust.

Question 27

Dorothea L. Dix

Answer 27

led a campaign to create civilized conditions of individuals living in mental asylums

Question 28

who created psychophysics

Answer 28

fechner

Question 29

first psychology

Answer 29

experimental psych

Question 30

what were the names of the people who could supposedly talk to the dead

Answer 30

mediums

Question 31

what did Titchener compare

Answer 31

psychology and biology, the muscles and

Question 32

pragmatism

Answer 32

knowledge, language, beliefs and science are valid if understood in terms of their practical uses

Question 33

progressivism

Answer 33

the idea that government and concerned citizens should engage in a deliberate, planned intervention in many areas of society

Question 34

who discovered anorexia

Answer 34

william gull

Question 35

neurasthenia

Answer 35

weakness

Question 36

neurosis

Answer 36

individual’s persistent, overwhelming anxiety and avoidant behavior

Question 37

what were the 2 symptoms whitmer were known for discovering

Answer 37

autism and dyslexia

Question 38

charles gilman

Answer 38

recognized for work on dyslexia