Exam 2 - Stomach Flashcards
what are the labeled structures?
- fundus
- body of the stomach
- pyloric antrum
which image is of a dog? which is of a cat? how can you tell?
dog - left
- pylorus in the right cranial abdomen
cat - right
- stomach is more j-shaped, stomach is shifted to the left, & pylorus is located closer to midline
in a right lateral view, what should be seen in the fundus & pylorus?
fundus - gas filled
pylorus - fluid filled
in a left lateral view, what should be seen in the fundus & pylorus?
fundus - fluid filled
pylorus - gas filled
what lateral view is this?
right
what lateral view is this?
left
why is a left lateral essential for foreign body patients?
need to assess with the pylorus being gas-filled to look for the presence of a foreign body
why take the left lateral view first in a potential foreign body patient?
fill the pylorus & duodenum with gas
is this normal? what is it?
yes
rugal folds of the stomach
what should the appearance be of a normal gastric axis?
parallel to the ribs
what are some differentials that could cause deviation of the gastric axis?
deep-chested dogs - normal variant
altered liver size - microhepatia or hepatomegaly
diaphragmatic hernia
what are these rads representing?
deviation of the gastric axis
left - hepatomegaly pushing the gastric axis caudally & mildly dorsal
right - microhepatia shifting the axis cranially
what are 3 causes of gastric displacement?
- hiatal hernia
- gastroesophageal intussusception
- diaphragmatic hernia
what are 3 general causes of changes in gastric shape & size?
GDV, gastric dilation without volvulus, & chronic pyloric outflow obstruction
what are you diagnosing?
GDV
pylorus displaced dorsally (right lateral) to the left, compartmentalization of the stomach, & gas dilation of the esophagus
what is key in diagnosing a GDV?
position of the pylorus & duodenum
what is this? how can you support your diagnosis?
360 GDV
presence of esophageal dilation, splenic displacement, or inability to pass a stomach tube
T/F: a gravel sign may be seen on radiographs in an animal with chronic obstructions
true
why is this concerning?
foreign material present in the dorsal aspect of the pylorus is concerning for material anchored in the pylorus & extending into the duodenum
what is seen in this left lateral view of a dog with chronic vomiting & weight loss?
partial pyloric outflow obstruction - large soft tissue opacity mass
what are the number one gastric neoplasias for dogs & cats?
- dogs - adenocarcinoma
- cats - lymphoma
