exam 2 - stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination Flashcards

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1
Q

prejudice

A

a hostile or negative attitude toward people in a distinguishable group, based solely on their membership in that group (affective)

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2
Q

discrimination

A

unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group or its members (behavioral)

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3
Q

stereotypes

A

a generalization about a group of people, in which certain traits are assigned to virtually all members of the group, regardless of actual variation among the members (cognitive)

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4
Q

modern racism

A

-prejudice directed at racial groups that exists alongside the rejection of explicitly racist beliefs
-a more subtle, more socially acceptable form of racism

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5
Q

benevolent racism and sexism

A

subjectively positive evaluations that may inadvertently undermine agency

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6
Q

realistic group conflict theory

A

actual competition for resources or competing goals between groups leads to conflict that then fosters stereotyping and prejudice

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7
Q

the robbers cave experiment

A

study on reducing prejudice through cooperation
-step 1: form ingroup
-step 2: competition with outgroup
-step 3: cooperation between groups with superordinate goals

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8
Q

the “jigsaw” classroom

A

study on reducing prejudice through cooperation
-students have to work together to get all content for test

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9
Q

minimal group paradigm

A

researchers create groups based on arbitrary and seemingly meaningless criteria and then examine how the members of these “minimal groups” are inclined to behave toward one another

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10
Q

social identity theory

A

a person’s self-concept and self-esteem derive not only from personal identity and accomplishments but also from the status and accomplishments of the various groups to which the person belongs

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11
Q

basking in reflected glory

A

taking pride in the accomplishments of other people in one’s group, such as when sports fans identify with a winning team

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12
Q

outgroup homogeneity effect

A

perception of outgroup members as being more similar to one another than ingroup members

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13
Q

paired distinctiveness

A

the pairing of 2 distinctive events that stand out even more because they occur together

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14
Q

subtyping

A

creating a category for expectations when you encounter an outlier to your stereotype

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15
Q

outgroup denigration

A

belittling the outgroup

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16
Q

implicit bias

A

pre-reflective attribution of particular qualities by an individual to a member of a group

17
Q

just world belief

A

the world is just and people get what they deserve

18
Q

stereotype threat

A

a disruptive concern, when facing a negative stereotype, that one will verify the negative stereotype

19
Q

shooter bias

A

systematic, pervasive racial bias in the decision to shoot vs not shoot

20
Q

socio-functional model

A

prejudice based on the threat posed by the group
-different emotional and behavioral reactions based on specific threat

21
Q

dissociation model

A

processing info about others is a 2-step process
-step 1: stereotypes are automatically triggered
-step 2: we control whether or not we accept the stereotype

22
Q

contact hypothesis

A

contact between members of different groups leads to more positive intergroup attitudes

23
Q

cooperation

A

sherif’s robbers cave study
-superordinate goals: shared goals that necessitate cooperative effort