Exam 2: Resistance Flashcards
How is multi-angle isometrics performed?
Either manually or mechanically at multiple angles within available ROM
When is multi-angle isometrics performed?
When the goal is increased strength throughout range when joint ROM is permissible but dynamic exercise is painful or inadvisable
What are some indications to use isometric exercise?
- Prevent muscle atrophy 2. activate muscles and re-establish neuromuscular control 3. develop postural/joint stability 4. Improve strength when movement causes pain 5. develop static muscle strength at specific points during ROM
Fill in Blank in regards to isometric exercise intensity: _____ duration: _____ repetitions: _____
intensity varies duration should be 6-10 seconds repetitions: “good for increasing effectiveness”
Gains in muscle strength occur very (far/near) training angle. __ - __ points in ROM is recommended to increase static strength only during isometric exercise
near; 4-6
What are the precautions of isometric exercise
contractions should be gradual, make sure the patient is controlling their breath and not holding it in
What are the contraindications of isometric exercise
high intensity isometrics may be bad for patients with a history of cardiac or vascular disorder
a _____ muscle contraction causes joint movement and excursion of a body segment as the muscle contracts and shortens or lengthens under tension
dynamic
_____ contraction is a physical shortening of the muscle against a force
concentric
_____ contraction is a physical lengthening of the muscle as it attempts to control a load
eccentric
What is the rational for the use of dynamic exercise
most daily tasks involve concentric and eccentric movements so doing dynamic exercise makes therapy more functional
(concentric/eccentric) exercise recruits a larger number of muscle units to control the same load as compared to an (concentric/eccentric) contraction
concentric; eccentric
(concentric/eccentric) exercise can be done with larger loads, however at the end of an exercise program the strength gains appear to be similar to (concentric/eccentric)
eccentric; concentric
True or False: Concentric exercise tends to cause greater delayed-onset muscle soreness
false, eccentric does
Which type of resistance training is “a mainstay of resistance programs”
DCER
What does DCER stand for
dynamic constant external resistance exercise
which type of resistance training occurs when a limb moves through a ROM against a constant external load, provided by free weights, weight machines, or pulley systems
DCER
DCER requires both concentric and eccentric contractions to control the load and is used instead of “______”
isotonic
What is a limitation of DCER
the muscle is challenged maximally at only one point in the ROM
Which type of resistance exercise is a form of dynamic exercise in which the velocity of muscle shortening or lengthening and angular limb velocity is predetermined and held constant by a rate limiting device known as an isokinetic dynamometer
isokinetic exercise
isokinetic exercise is a form of ______ exercise
dynamic
Isokinetic exercise has a _______ carry-over to function
questionable
_____ exercise is completely unrestricted movement is space of a peripheral segment of the body
open chain
______ exercise occurs when a terminal segment is fixed and the encountered resistance moves the proximal segment over the stationary distal segment
closed chain