Exam 2 - Reproductive toxicants & induced abortion Flashcards
Plants that are teratogenic
locoweed
poison hemlock
lupines
tree tobacco
plants that cause abortions
locoweed
nitrates
ponderosa pine
broomweed
plants that cause infertility
locoweed
fescue
insecticides (?)
which plant is teratogenic, causes abortions & infertility
locoweed
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Poison hemlock
1st green forage to appear
spring time
Crooked calf syndrome
ingestion 50-75 d
Lupines
Anagyrine & ammodendrine = toxic agents
teratogenic:
severe limb & spine deformities
cleft palate
ingestion 40-75 d
Not teratogenic in SR
Tobacco
teratogenic
arthrogryposis of forelimbs & curvature of spince
ingestion 50-75d
locoweed
Astragalus & Oxytropis spp.
toxic agent: Swainsonine
cattle get “hooked”!
ponderosa pine
isocupressic acid
hemorrhagic placentitis
broomweed or snakeweed
mono& diterpenes, saponins, oxygenated flavonol methyl esters
abortion & RFM
Fescue
fungus Neotyphodium coenophialium
toxic alkaloids = ergovaline
peripheral vasoconstriction ⇒ cows get super hot!
“Summer slump”
Nitrates
nitrate accumulating plants:
Johnson grass, Sudan grass, oats, wheat, corn
⇒ methemoglobinemia
Dx: ocular fluid of aborted fetus
late gestation abotions
Test hay
2 hydrops conditions
hydrallantois
hydramnios
hydrallantois
placental dysfunction in last trimester
abnormal accumulation of allantoic fluid
more common hyddrallantois > hydamnios
hydamnios
fetal dysfunction
gradual accumulation of excessive amniotic fluid
what is the origin of progesterone in cow
CL for first 150 days
150-250 days placenta joins in
>250 day placenta stops and only CL again
what type of hormone lyses CL & which 2 drugs
prostaglandins
- lutalyse
- estrumate
what stops placental progesterone production
corticosteriods
- dexamethasone
actions of drugs used
PGF acts to cause luteolysis
- will occur any time it is given after day 5-6
- has no effect on placental P4 production
Corticosteroids reduce placental P4 production
- have no effect on CL
5-150 d gestation abortion strategy
1 inj PGF
aborts in 5-7 d; fertile estrus 3-5 d later
150-240 d gestation abortion strategy
must remove ovarian & placental P4
25mg dex + 25mg Lutalyse
abortion in 5 days
induced parturition in cow
in final month of gestation Dex or PGF alone will induce parturition in 2-3 d
best protocol involves combo of 25mg dex & 25mg PGF with reliable delivery in 40 hours
