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Patient Safety > Exam 2 - Pt Education and Empowerment > Flashcards

Exam 2 - Pt Education and Empowerment Flashcards

1
Q

Healthcare quality domains: safe

A

Avoiding harm to patients from the care that is supposed to be helping them

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2
Q

What are the 6 domains of healthcare quality?

A

Safe
Effective
Pt-centered
Timely
Efficient
Equitable

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3
Q

Healthcare quality domains: Effective

A

Providing evidence-based care to those who would benefit

Refraining from providing services to those not likely to benefit (misuse and underuse)

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4
Q

Healthcare quality domains: Patient-centered

A

Respectful and responsive care to individual patient preferences, needs, and values and using these to guide clinical decisions

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5
Q

Healthcare quality domains: Timely

A

Reducing waits and sometimes harmful delays in care both for those receiving and giving care

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6
Q

Healthcare quality domains: Efficient

A

Avoiding waste in:
- equipment
- supplies
- ideas
- energy

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7
Q

Healthcare quality domains: Equitable

A

Providing care that does not vary in quality due to personal characteristics like:
- gender
- ethnicity
- geographic location
- socioeconomic status

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8
Q

IOM strategies to improve med safety: patient’s rights regarding safety and equality in healthcare should be…

A

Formalized at state and/or federal levels

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9
Q

IOM strategies to improve med safety: Every patient should maintain…

A

An active med list that every provider involved in their care can access

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10
Q

IOM strategies to improve med safety: Providers should educate patients and/or caregivers about…

A

Safe and effective use of meds

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11
Q

IOM strategies to improve med safety: What should be available at all key points of the pt care process?

A

Consultations on meds

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12
Q

Communication strategies

A

Meet pts on their level
Roll w/ resistance
Support self-efficacy
Follow up

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13
Q

Communication strategies: Meet pts on their level

A

Use appropriate language

Show compassion

Listen (esp after open ended questions)

Be honest about disease and medications

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14
Q

Communication strategies: Roll w/ resistance

A

Typically avoiding direct confrontation…. But it is needed sometimes

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15
Q

Communication strategies: Support self-efficacy

A

Help patients develop and maintain autonomy

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16
Q

What are the AMA’s 6 steps for verbal pt communication?

A
  1. Use plain, non-medical language
  2. Create a shame free environment
  3. Use the teach back method
  4. Slow down
  5. Show them w/ pictures and simple diagrams
  6. Limit the amount of info given and repeat it

(Use CUSS Language)

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17
Q

What should you do if you give a patient instructions over the phone?

A

Make sure pt has pen and paper to document any dosage change

Write down info as you give it and date it

Read back the info and verify understanding

Have pt keep dated instructions w/ their med bottle for reference

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18
Q

What should be done if a prescriber is calling in a verbal?

A

Ask them to spell the name and what the purpose is

RPh/intern reads back entire rx

E-scripts preferred but faxing is also good to prevent errors

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19
Q

In WV who is legally allowed to take verbals?

A

Pharmacists and interns

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20
Q

Common errors involving communication

A
  • Incomplete rx
  • Misread rx
  • Bad handwriting
  • Use of previous drug/dose on pt profile
  • Misheard rx
  • Poor fax quality
  • Intimidation/bad interaction w/ prescriber or agent
  • Typing mistake
  • Unable to clarify w/ prescriber
  • Prescriber error

(I Might BUMP IT UP)

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21
Q

You can (and should) always ____ if you are questioning something about pt, care plans, rx, etc

A

Confirm

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22
Q

What is health literacy?

A

Degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health info and services needed to make appropriate decisions

(Basically do they have the ability to understand their care enough to make informed decisions)

23
Q

What is health numeracy?

A

How a pt interprets numbers, values, or math that is associated with their healthcare

24
Q

.

A
25
Q

What are the individual factors of health literacy?

A

Communication skills of individuals
Accessibility to quality resources
Personal & professional knowledge

(CAP)

26
Q

What are the systemic factors of health literacy?

A

Communication skills of healthcare workers

Culture

Demands of healthcare and public health systems

Accessibility to quality resources

27
Q

What does a short assessment of health literacy (SAHL) evaluate?

A

Comprehension of medical terms and pronunciation

28
Q

What is a rapid estimate of adult literacy in medicine?

A

7 item list focusing on recognition and pronunciation of medical terms

29
Q

How is a rapid estimate of adult literacy in medicine administered?

A

Give pt a list of words and have them read them to you

If they don’t know the word, they can pass

If they pass or take more than 5 seconds, that one is wrong

30
Q

What words are on the REALM-SF

A

Behavior
Exercise
Menopause
Rectal
Antibiotics
Anemia
Jaundice

31
Q

How is a SAHL administered?

A

Show them 3 words — have them read the top one out loud, and say which of the other two are more similar to the top word

Ask them not to guess if they don’t know

32
Q

What are red flags of low health literacy?

A

Saying they can’t read it because they forgot their glasses

Commonly brings family members to office visits

Incomplete/inaccurate intake forms

Identifying meds by visual cues rather than names on the bottle (color/size/shape)

Didn’t finish high school

33
Q

Patients can still have LHL, even if they are:

A

Well spoken
College educated
Say they understand written info
Employed in healthcare

34
Q

Assume all pts have ____

A

Difficulty understanding

35
Q

What do pts with LHL or adequate health literacy prefer?

A

Medical info that is easy to read & understand

36
Q

What % of people have health literacy TOO LOW to navigate the healthcare system & promote their well-being?

A

88%

37
Q

___% have intermediate proficiency

A

55%

38
Q

___% have basic proficiency

A

22%

39
Q

___% are below basic proficiency

A

14

40
Q

What % of adults are proficiently health literate?

A

12%

41
Q

When using the teach back method, who is being tested?

A

The patient AND the provider

Make sure pt understands and that the provider was clear and included everything

42
Q

How can we improve pt safety and aid LHL?

A

Consumer medication info
Rx labels

43
Q

What is consumer medication info (CMI)?

A

Written info made for pts/caregivers about rx drugs

44
Q

Who is CMI distributed to?

A

To consumers when rx is filled

45
Q

What info does CMI include?

A

Info on general issues

Medication-specific recommendations

46
Q

Examples of CMI

A

Med guide
Pt handout
Pt leaflet

47
Q

What is the average reading level of CMI?

A

11-12th grade

48
Q

Less than ___ of patients read CMI

A

1/3

49
Q

CMI should be ____

A

Standardized

50
Q

CMI should include ___ and ___

A

Drug fact boxes
Clinical pearls

51
Q

A 2014 study evaluated and reconstructed CMI into 3 prototypes to improve comprehension. What are they?

Was it effective?

A

2 columns to organize info

Mimicked OTC drug facts labeling

Simple table format following health literacy best practices

*ALL THREE of these were better understood than the original format

52
Q

Health literacy best practices prototype outperformed all others, but was ____ adopted by the entire profession

A

NOT adopted

53
Q
A

Patient Safety (11 decks)

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