Exam 2 Protein

Question 1

proteins

Answer 1

large complex molecules composed of amino acids
primary source of nitrogen in diet
CHON

Question 2

Transcription

Answer 2

use of the genetic information in DNA to make RNA

Question 3

Translation

Answer 3

conversion of genetic information in RNA to make a protein

Question 4

Essential amino acids

Answer 4

cannot be produced by the body

9 essential amino acids

Question 5

nonessential amino acids

Answer 5

can be made by our bodies

Question 6

incomplete protein

Answer 6

does not contain all essential amino acids

Question 7

complete protein

Answer 7

contains sufficient amount of the 9 essential amino acids

Question 8

Complementary food combinations

Answer 8

two protein sources that together supply the 9 essential amino acids

Question 9

Digestion of protein

Answer 9

chemical digestion of protein begins in the stomach
hydrochloric acid breaks down protein structure
hydrochloric acid activates proteins

Question 10

pepsin

Answer 10

enzyme that breaks down proteins into short polypeptides and amino acids

Question 11

proteases

Answer 11

complete the digestion of proteins into single amino acids

Question 12

functions of proteins

Answer 12

cell growth and repair, maintenance, enzymes, hormones

Question 13

what does protein depend on

Answer 13

activity level
age
health status

Question 14

RDA of protein

Answer 14

.8 grams per body weight

12-20% total energy from proteins

Question 15

too much protein results in

Answer 15

heart disease and bone loss, kidney disease

Question 16

vegetarianism

Answer 16

eliminating some or all sources of animal protein

Question 17

Lacto ovo vegetarian

Answer 17

eats eggs

Question 18

lacogentarian

Answer 18

excludes eggs

Question 19

vegan

Answer 19

not adequate in B12, zinc, iron, or calcium

Question 20

health benefits of vegetarianism

Answer 20

lower body weight, low blood pressure, reduced risk heart disease, reduced risk of some type of cancer

Question 21

marasmus

Answer 21

inadequate protein, energy and other nutrients

causes: weakening of muscles, depressed metabolism, anemia and poor immune system