Exam 2 Part 2 Flashcards
how does age effect nutrition?
metabolism decreases with age……you loose taste buds….thirst decreases
how does sex affect nutrition?
males require more calories….females tend to have more fat…sexas metabolize carbs and fats differntly
how does health affect nutrition?
sicknesses require more nutrients to heal….wounds require protein…people with mental health problems don’t eat
how does alcohol affect nutrition?
alters how the body breaks down nutriets…vitamin B is required to metablize
how does medications affect nutrition?
change pH of GI…..can increase or decrease peristalsis
how does social determinants of health affect nutrition?
socioeconomic status…..transportation… availability of good….money
how does relegion and culture affect nutrition?
certain beliefs don’t allow them to eat certain foods.
what cant Jewish people eat?
pork, shell fish, and almost all insects
can hind people eat meat?
almost all of them are vegen
what cant muslims eat?
pork
what is a under weight BMI
less than 18.5.
what is a good BMI
18.5 - 24.9
what is an overweight BMI?
25 - 29
what is a Obese BMI?
30 - 34.9
what is class 2 obese BMI?
35-39.9
what is an extremely obese BMI?
40+
what is dyphasia?
trouble swalloing
what is asperation?
inhalation of food in the lungs
what percent of food shows that patient is tolerating food?
50 - 75% of food is eaten
what is a regular diet?
person can eat what they want without exclusions`
what is a vegitarian diet?
no meat or dairy
what is a clear liquid diet?
clear fluids or food that become liquid at room temp
when would someone be on a clear liquid diet?
pre or post op
what is included in clear liquid diet?
jello, black coffee, tea, water, clear fruit juice, popsicle, broth
what is a full liquid diet?
everything included in a clear liquid plus milk eggs, ice cream, dairy products
when is a full liquid diet used?
used when transitioning after acute illness, surgery, or parenteral nutrition
what is a mechanically altered diet?
chopped items….no seeds or nuts
what is a pureed diet?
used for those who have dysphasia…..it is blended food
what is a consistent carb diet/ diabetic diet?
used for diabetics and has number of carbs consistent in each meal
what is a renal diet?
used for peope with kideny problems has a lower protein count around 0.6 o 1 gram per kg
who would be on a fat restrictive diet?
those with gallbladder problems
what is the range on a sodium restricted diet?
500 to 3000mg
who is usually on sodium restricted diets?
those with hypertension
what is the max amount of fiber someone on a low fiber diet can have?
less than 10g
what is a Nasogastric/NG tube?
a type of feeding that enters the nose and rest in different spots depending on the patient?
what are the two places a nasointestial tube can sit?
in the duodenum or jujenum
what are the two types of nasogastric tubes?
elevyn or dobhoff
what are the advatages of a elevyn NG tube?
large diameter prevents stuff from clogging…has both food and med slot
what are the advantages to a dob hoff?
smaller diameter….more flexible
what are disadvatages to a elevyn tube?
its more uncomfortable due to its size
what are the disadvantages to a dob hoff?
cant give meds and feedings at the same time…..gets clogged easy
what is a disadvantage to NG tubes?
high risk of asperation
what is a PEG tube?
percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
where does a peg tube go?
directly into the stomach
