exam 2-medications Flashcards
uses of diuretics
antihypertensives
coronary heart failure
how do diuretics work
-what happens to blood vessels
inhib aborsption of Na = less absorb of H2O
decrease pressure on blood vessels
diuretic’s effects on exercise
need to focus more on maintain hydration status
common drug names of diuretics
- loop diuretics
- thiazides
- potassium sparing
- aldosterone receptor blockers
use of beta blockers
- antihypertensive
- antianginals
how do beta blockers work
-block beta receptors
sympathetic hormones act on these receptors to increase HR and BP
-if blocked it will lower HR and BP
-decrease load on heart
beta blocker’s effect on exercise
- may decrease desire to exercise
- CO may decrease or stay the same
- BP decreases
- may increase astma symptoms
- HR decreases = <10% normal target HR so use RPE
common names of beta blockers
-anything ending in -olol
uses of calcium channel blockers
- antihypertensive
- antianginal
how do calcium channel blockers work
- block calcium from coming into cell wall
- decrease contractility
- relax cells = help relax stiff vessels
- decrease BP= less work for heart = less O2 required = helps w/ ischemia
calcium channel blocker’s effect on exercise
- exercise helps reduce side effects
- HR: may decrease or stay same
- BP: decreases
common names of calcium channel blockers
- ends in -dipine
- verapamil
uses of nitrates
- antianginals
- sometimes CHF for SOB
how do nitrates work
vasodialator
- they are converted to NO (how endothelial cells vasodilate)
- mostly pain reliever
nitrates effects on exercise
- take 5-10 mins priot
- BP and HR can increase or stay the same
common names of nitrates
- nitroglycerin
- nitro patch
uses of cardiac glycosides
- treat CHF
- prevent supraventric dysrythmias
how cardiac glycosides
increase intracell Ca
- increased contraction speed and force
- increase refractory period
cardiac glycosides effects on exercise
- dont over exercise someone w/ increased HR
- decreased HR if afib or CHF
- BP stays the same
common names for cardiac glycosides
- digoxin
- digitalis
job of antiarrhythmics
- correct abonormalities in electrical activity
- decrease myocardial irritability
- supress etopic stimuli, redirect electrical acivity back to correct node
what does class IA antiarrhythmics treat
- how does it work
- common name
- atrial and ventricular
- increase action potential
- Na channel blockers
- quindine
what does class IB antiarrhythmics treat
- how does it work
- common name
- ventricular
- decrease action portential
- lidocaine
what does IC antiarrhythmics treat
- how does it work
- common name
- prevents afib
- most potent class 1
- no effect on action potential
- propafenone
