Exam 2: leftover lectures

Question 1

Paul Taylor’s theory requires that we _______________All living things are striving to ________________of their kind. This is precisely why it makes sense (even in the case of plants) to say they can be ______________. According to Taylor, we must therefore give moral consideration to anything that has _____.

Answer 1

Paul Taylor’s theory requires that we respect the good of all living things. All living things are striving to flourish in accordance with the life-cycle of their kind. This is precisely why it makes sense (even in the case of plants) to say they can be harmed or benefitted. According to Taylor, we must therefore give moral consideration to anything that has life.

Question 2

Taylor’s Moral Argument:

P1. _________________________

P2. But every single living thing has a good of its own.

C3. So, we Ought to show respect to every living thing in Our actions and attitudes.

Answer 2

Taylor’s Moral Argument:

P1. For any being that has a good of its own, we ought to show respect to that being in

Our actions and attitudes.

P2. But every single living thing has a good of its own.

C3. So, we Ought to show respect to every living thing in Our actions and attitudes.

Question 3

Taylor’s Moral Argument:

P1. For any being that has a good of its own, we ought to show respect to that being in Our actions and attitudes.

P2. ______________________

C3. So, we Ought to show respect to every living thing in Our actions and attitudes.

Answer 3

Taylor’s Moral Argument:

P1. For any being that has a good of its own, we ought to show respect to that being in Our actions and attitudes.

P2. But every single living thing has a good of its own.

C3. So, we Ought to show respect to every living thing in Our actions and attitudes.

Question 4

Taylor’s Moral Argument:

P1. For any being that has a good of its own, we ought to show respect to that being in Our actions and attitudes.

P2. But every single living thing has a good of its own.

C3. _________________

Answer 4

Taylor’s Moral Argument:

P1. For any being that has a good of its own, we ought to show respect to that being in Our actions and attitudes.

P2. But every single living thing has a good of its own.

C3. So, we Ought to show respect to every living thing in Our actions and attitudes.

Question 5

Taylor’s Moral Argument:

Answer 5

Taylor’s Moral Argument:

P1. For any being that has a good of its own, we ought to show respect to that being in Our actions and attitudes.

P2. But every single living thing has a good of its own.

C3. So, we Ought to show respect to every living thing in Our actions and attitudes.

Question 6

Many suggest that extending moral consideration to plants is extending moral consideration______. One such critic is _____

Answer 6

Many suggest that extending moral consideration to plants is extending moral consideration too far. One such critic is R.M. Hare

Question 7

Hare’s Rebuttal to Taylor.

P1. __________________________

P2. And things that have no conscious desires cannot want to be treated in any way.

C3. Therefore, living things that have no conscious desires are not morally relevant.

Answer 7

Hare’s Rebuttal to Taylor.

P1. But the entire basis of morality is the golden rule, to do unto others as we would want them to do to us.

P2. And things that have no conscious desires cannot want to be treated in any way.

C3. Therefore, living things that have no conscious desires are not morally relevant.

Question 8

Hare’s Rebuttal to Taylor.

P1. But the entire basis of morality is the golden rule, to do unto others as we would want them to do to us.

P2______________________________

C3. Therefore, living things that have no conscious desires are not morally relevant.

Answer 8

Hare’s Rebuttal to Taylor.

P1. But the entire basis of morality is the golden rule, to do unto others as we would want them to do to us.

P2. And things that have no conscious desires cannot want to be treated in any way.

C3. Therefore, living things that have no conscious desires are not morally relevant.

Question 9

Hare’s Rebuttal to Taylor.

P1. But the entire basis of morality is the golden rule, to do unto others as we would want them to do to us.

P2. And things that have no conscious desires cannot want to be treated in any way.

C3. Therefore, ______________________

Answer 9

Hare’s Rebuttal to Taylor.

P1. But the entire basis of morality is the golden rule, to do unto others as we would want them to do to us.

P2. And things that have no conscious desires cannot want to be treated in any way.

C3. Therefore, living things that have no conscious desires are not morally relevant.

Question 10

According to Taylor, however, Hare’s argument begs the question- assuming at the Outset (P1) that _____________________________. The golden rule is about how we treat other people. We Can’t just assume that Our moral obligations__________.

Answer 10

According to Taylor, however, Hare’s argument begs the question- assuming at the Outset (P1) that moral consideration only extends to things that have conscious desires. The golden rule is about how we treat other people. We Can’t just assume that Our moral obligations end there.

Question 11

Sumner provides a stronger case against Taylors view. He makes an important distinction between______________________

Answer 11

Sumner provides a stronger case against Taylors view. He makes an important distinction between two relevant senses of Taylor’s phrase “good of its Own.”

Question 12

Sumner’s Rebuttal to Tavlor:

P1.__________________________________

P2. Yet promoting and respecting the good of every living thing involves making them

a good of their kind.

C3. So, we do not have moral reason to promote and respect the good of every living

thing.

Answer 12

Sumner’s Rebuttal to Tavlor:

P1. We have no moral reason to make sure that all things are a good of their kind (that would be unrealistic and unreasonable).

P2. Yet promoting and respecting the good of every living thing involves making them

a good of their kind.

C3. So, we do not have moral reason to promote and respect the good of every living

thing.

Question 13

Sumner’s Rebuttal to Tavlor:

P1. We have no moral reason to make sure that all things are a good of their kind (that would be unrealistic and unreasonable).

P2. _________________________

C3. So, we do not have moral reason to promote and respect the good of every living thing.

Answer 13

Sumner’s Rebuttal to Tavlor:

P1. We have no moral reason to make sure that all things are a good of their kind (that would be unrealistic and unreasonable).

P2. Yet promoting and respecting the good of every living thing involves making them a good of their kind.

C3. So, we do not have moral reason to promote and respect the good of every living thing.

Question 14

Sumner’s Rebuttal to Tavlor:

P1. We have no moral reason to make sure that all things are a good of their kind (that would be unrealistic and unreasonable).

P2. Yet promoting and respecting the good of every living thing involves making them a good of their kind.

C3. So, ________________________________

Answer 14

Sumner’s Rebuttal to Tavlor:

P1. We have no moral reason to make sure that all things are a good of their kind (that would be unrealistic and unreasonable).

P2. Yet promoting and respecting the good of every living thing involves making them a good of their kind.

C3. So, we do not have moral reason to promote and respect the good of every living thing.