Exam 2: Lecture 5

Question 1

“The pollution problem is a consequence of population. __________ But as population _______the natural chemical and biological recycling process ________…”

Answer 1

• It did not much matter how a lonely American frontiersman disposed of his waste.,
• became denser,
• became Overloaded

Question 2

Climate Change:

Answer 2

• Greenhouse gases trap heat and make the planet warmer.
• Human activities are responsible for almost all of the increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere over the last 150 years.

Question 3

The largest source of greenhouse gas emissions from human activities in the United States__________

Answer 3

is from burning fossil fuels for

1. electricity,
2. heat,
3. transportation.

Question 4

The Question: _____

• O Most Scientists: probably
• O Some Scientists: definitely
• O Some Scientists: highly unlikely

Answer 4

Can a doubling of the concentration of normally harmless gas (carbon dioxide), from 0.03% of the atmosphere to 0.06% of the atmosphere over the course of a century change the global climate enough to require drastic political action today?

Question 5

The Consensus: The climate changes, and human beings influence it, ____________ That is, warming could fall into a range anywhere__________ (ranging from harmless to devastating)

Answer 5

yet the warming could be anything from harmless to totally devastating. from 1.5 degrees and 4.5 degrees of warming

Question 6

Matt Ridley’s Stance:

Answer 6

1. Recall again the issue of over-population,
2. how there were so many alarming predictions (like the one from Malthus),
3. which did not come true.
4. The same thing is happening with climate change.
   
   1. We shouldn’t listen to the alarmists

Question 7

Matt Ridley’s Position

Answer 7

The Lukewarn Position

Question 8

The Lukewarn Position

Answer 8

• Climate change is real,
• it is partially man-made,
• it’s probably not that dangerous.
• Climate change is likely to be slow and mild.
• Much greater humanitarian and environmental problems deserve more attention.

Question 9

Reasonable Precaution author

Answer 9

John Rawls

Question 10

Precautionary Principle criteria

Answer 10

Precautionary Principle criteria:
(a) The situation is uncertain (those involved lack reliable probability information).
(b) The agents involved face outcomes that are unacceptable or devastating.
(c) There are some gains that can be made above the minimum we can guarantee
through eliminating the worst case scenario, but they are relatively unimportant.

Question 11

Precautionary Principle criteria:

a_______

(b) The agents involved face outcomes that are unacceptable or devastating.
(c) There are some gains that can be made above the minimum we can guarantee through eliminating the worst case scenario, but they are relatively unimportant.

Answer 11

(a) The situation is uncertain (those involved lack reliable probability information).

Question 12

Precautionary Principle criteria:

(a) The situation is uncertain (those involved lack reliable probability information).
(b) _______
(c) There are some gains that can be made above the minimum we can guarantee through eliminating the worst case scenario, but they are relatively unimportant.

Answer 12

The agents involved face outcomes that are unacceptable or devastating.

Question 13

Precautionary Principle criteria:

(a) The situation is uncertain (those involved lack reliable probability information).
(b) The agents involved face outcomes that are unacceptable or devastating.
(c) _____

Answer 13

There are some gains that can be made above the minimum we can guarantee through eliminating the worst case scenario, but they are relatively unimportant.

Question 14

the tragedy of the commons is accelerated by

Answer 14

increasing populations

Question 15

Matt Ridley believes what about politics and science

Answer 15

politics pollutes scientific purity

Question 16

An effective way to address climate change problems may be to recontextualize them as _____ problems

Answer 16

humanitarian

Question 17

What example did P. Clark give for uncertainty and risk

Answer 17

locking the doors at night in logan

Question 18

Model the window of uncertainty

Answer 18