Exam # 2 Flashcards Week 6-8

Question 1

ADHD behaviors

Answer 1

Inattentiveness
-don’t complete tasks
-short attention span/ usually avoid tasks that require attention
-easily distracted
-don’t listen
-hard time with time management
Hyperactivity
-constant movement
-impulsive
-interrupting conversations

Question 2

ADHD medications

Answer 2

Stimulants
- Methylphenidate
- Amphetamine Salts
- Lisadexafetamine

Question 3

ADHD medication consideration

Answer 3

Give early in the morning before breakfast
monitor their weight couple times per week due to appetite suppression
Monitor vitals
High potential for substance abuse
Can make anxiety worse
Patches: only on for 9 hours during the day

Question 4

ADHD Nursing Interventions

Answer 4

Safety
Low stimuli
Can be in groups

Question 5

Anorexia symptoms

Answer 5

Poor circulation
Pallor
Palpitations
Faint
Dizziness
Menstrual disturbances
Unexplained GI disturbances (Constipation)
Cachexia
Lanugo
Hypokalemia

Question 6

Anorexia: how to know if they are getting better?

Answer 6

Gaining weight (>30% weight, >10% body fat)
— make sure to weight pt regularly
HR goes normal (>40)
Vitals return normal (SBP >70)
Stop doing compensatory behaviors
— observe patient during eating and 1-3 hours after
Cognitive distortions are improved
they are eating something
not getting better if weight stays the same

Question 7

What is Mental Status Exam (MSE) testing for?

Answer 7

Testing Cognition

orientation
memory
ability to follow directions (mood, behavior, perception)
counting backwards (doing basic math)
ability to focus

Question 8

What to do with wandering patient?

Answer 8

Dementia
— Deescalate the situation first
— walk them to a room
— reorient them
— Redirect
— distract them

Question 9

How would you set up a room for a patient with dementia?

Answer 9

Calendar
Pictures
Window
Good lighting (not too dim to avoid shadows)
No scattered rugs
Label things

Question 10

Dementia assessment

Answer 10

4 A’s
1. Amnesia- memory loss
2. Apashia- loss of speech
3. Apraxia- loss of movement or to perform tasks
4. Agnosia - inability to interpret sensations

Question 11

Priority assessment for Crisis

Answer 11

Psychosis
— this is the priority because they might be experience command hallucinations. Can lead to self harm or harming others.
— can also have overwhelming anxiety and panic

Question 12

What makes grieving maladaptive?

Answer 12

More than 6 months
— still not being able to function
— still talking about grief in the present tense for more than 6 months and making plans

Ex: someone can’t sleep due to a loss. After 6 months they should start sleeping. If not.. then considered maladaptive.

Question 13

Zolpidem

Answer 13

Sleep medication

Question 14

What does it mean to have severe mental illness?

Answer 14

Affects ability to function

Question 15

Ageism

Answer 15

Limiting treatment options because a person is old

Example: “he’s old, so he can’t handle it”

Question 16

For older adults. What do we need to assess when taking a lot of medication?

Answer 16

Metabolism
— slower metabolism, drug will last a lot longer
— medication takes a lot longer to metabolize in older adults so may require a lower dose
Medication adherance
Potential interactions
Anticholinergic medications
— can cause dehydration and delirium.
— can lead to death

Question 17

Anticholinergic examples

Answer 17

TCAs (Amitriptyline, doxepin, imipramine, nortriptyline)
Diphenhydramine
Cogentin
— all linked to decrease brain function and early death

Question 18

Risk factors for suicide

Answer 18

Males [white] high risk
— and succeed
Substance Abuse
Family history

Question 19

Stage 1: Alzheimer’s

Answer 19

Forgetfulness
A little forgetfulness
May have a hard time learning new things

Question 20

Stage 2: Alzheimer’s

Answer 20

Confusion
Start to forget things they’ve known their whole life
— DOB, Phone number
Have labile emotions

Question 21

Stage 3: Alzheimer’s

Answer 21

Ambulatory
Can still walk
Wandering
Paranoia
Can’t identify people (no recogntion)
May urinate in public places

Question 22

Stage 4: Alzheimer’s

Answer 22

Can’t walk
Can’t talk
Can’t eat
Need total care
If died: might have been from choking

Question 23

Physical characteristics of autism

Answer 23

Banging head
Stimming
— finger flipping, hand flapping
Delayed speech
Decreased social interaction
Preservation
— focused on a certain subject & delayed in others
Strict routines
—don’t like change
—change can cause anxiety
Echolalia
— repeating words

Question 24

Disenfranchised grief

Answer 24

Grief that people usually keep to themselves
Person cannot openly talk about their grief/publicly mourn

Example: death of a pet or miscarriage, can also be death of a patient you cared for a long time

Question 25

Anticipatory grief

Answer 25

Death that was expected

Example: knowing someone is going to die, therefore anticipating the grief

Question 26

Fetishistic disorder

Answer 26

Recurrent intense arrousal from inanimate object or nongenital body part
Fetish becomes fetishistic disorder if it causes distress
Need specific item to achieve sexual desire

Question 27

Exhibitionistic

Answer 27

These people like to flash others
Want people to watch them
— this gets them sexually excited
Unable to function because of urges and fantasies

Question 28

Covert suicidal statement

Answer 28

Statement is indirect
General/hidden meaning

Examples: “It’s okay, soon everything will be fine”

Question 29

When is an advance directive used?

Answer 29

When someone cannot speak for themself or make decisions

Example:
living will
— statement of how and where someone wishes to die

Directive to physician
— allowing a doctor to make a decision to their care if incapacitated, just like a durable power of attorney but this is allowing a physician to do so

Question 30

Intermittent explosive disorder

Answer 30

Explosive behavior and angry outbursts

Example: road rage

Question 31

Nursing interventions for : intermittent explosive disorder

Answer 31

Helping them cope with behavior
Help them get stronger
Set limits on unacceptable behavior
— helps to decrease violence
Promoting social interaction